Examinando por Autor "Camac Delgado, Katherine America"

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Acceso abierto
Determinación de cadmio, plomo y riesgo toxicológico de cervezas artesanales expendidas en Cercado de Lima, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-01-27) Camac Delgado, Katherine America; Pumayauli Almanza, Lizbeth Milagros; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
The present research aimed to “analyze and compare the concentrations of cadmium and lead in craft beers with the maximum permissible limits (MPL) established by MERCOSUR and NTP 211.049, and to assess the toxicological risk for consumers in Cercado de Lima, 2023.” Method: The study was basic, non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional. The instruments used were a data recording sheet and a questionnaire. The selected samples included 30 craft beers and 385 consumers. Cadmium and lead concentrations were determined through laboratory analysis at CICOTOX using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Consumer data were collected via questionnaire, and toxicological risk was assessed using the methodology proposed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. General data were processed using SPSS version 28 and Microsoft Excel. Results: The mean cadmium concentration found was 0.00047 ppm, and the mean lead concentration was 0.00533 ppm; in no case did the values exceed the maximum limits permitted by NTP 211.049 and MERCOSUR. Regarding toxicological risk assessment, the average value for the cadmium exposure dose indicator was 6.80×10⁻¹⁵ and for lead 3.83×10⁻¹¹; for the hazard index indicator, the result was 6.8×10⁻¹² for cadmium and 6.38×10⁻⁹ for lead. Finally, for the margin of exposure indicator, cadmium had an average value of 1.47×10¹⁸ and lead 6.53×10¹⁰. Conclusion: None of the analyzed samples exceeded the maximum permissible limits and they do not represent a toxicological risk to consumers.