Examinando por Autor "Canales Martínez, César Augusto"

Mostrando 1 - 6 de 6

Acceso abierto
Caracterización de los dosajes etílicos positivos de las personas examinadas en la UNIDDE PNP – sede Angamos del año 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-10-31) Cano Quispe, Danny Royer; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
In our country, the UNIDDE-PNP is responsible for conducting breathalyzer tests related to traffic. The objective was to characterize the positive breathalyzer tests of individuals examined at the UNIDDE PNP – Angamos Headquarters throughout 2019. Methodology: The study was descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional. Data were collected using a data collection form, and statistical analysis was performed using tables and graphs. Results: According to the blood alcohol content table, 44.87% (756) of positive tests were in the state of drunkenness. According to the table of alcohol's effects on driving, the 'start of risk zone' period accounted for 42.67% (719). The 30-59 age group had the highest rate at 69.08% (1164), and by sex, males accounted for 81.54% (1374). By police station of origin, the most prominent were Lince (29.26% or 493), Miraflores (26.41% or 445), and Surquillo (18.04% or 304). The reasons for entry were presumption of drunkenness (82.02% or 1382) and accidents (11.04% or 186). A relationship exists between blood alcohol levels and traffic accidents, age, and sex.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de la concentración de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en zumo de “Caña de Azúcar“ (saccharum officinarum) expendidos ambulatoriamente en la Provincia Constitucional del Callao durante el periodo mayo–setiembre 2014
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Aylas Quispe, Fredy Jesus; Aylas Quispe, Yudit; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
Heavy metals released into the environment by industrial activities can affect the development of sugarcane crops. In order to determine the current levels of heavy metals (As, Cd, and Pb), 25 samples of sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum) sold in the Constitutional Province of Callao were analyzed between May and September 2014. The determination of heavy metals in sugarcane juice was carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with hydride generation for arsenic, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry with graphite furnace for cadmium and lead. The results obtained for each heavy metal (As, Cd, and Pb) were compared with the permissible limits established by the Codex Alimentarius, the Ecuadorian Technical Standard, and MERCOSUR. The mean concentrations of the total heavy metals in sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum) were 0.02 ppm for arsenic, 0.05 ppm for cadmium, and 0.21 ppm for lead.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo y cadmio por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica en leche cruda de bovino en establos lecheros del distrito de Chancay – Huaral, 2013
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2013) Mendoza Oscorima, Yeni Guisela; Medina Pillaca, Carlos Antonio; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
Milk is regarded as an almost complete food and constitutes the main element of the daily diet, as it provides proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and essential minerals. This study aimed to determine the presence of lead and cadmium in raw bovine milk from dairy farms in the district of Chancay, province of Huaral. Thirty raw milk samples were obtained from five dairy farms in different populated centers of Chancay. The samples were analyzed by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry following microwave-assisted digestion. The results showed that the average concentration of lead was 0.0186 mg/kg, below the limit established by WHO (0.02 mg/kg). However, 10 of the 30 samples (33.3%) exceeded this limit. The average cadmium concentration was 0.338 mg/kg, surpassing the Romanian Standard (0.01 mg/kg), with all 30 samples (100%) above the permissible level. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of regularly monitoring lead and cadmium levels in milk across different regions of Peru.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo, cadmio y arsénico en carne de pollo expendida en el mercado de Caquetá – San Martín de Porres. Lima – Perú. Noviembre del 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-08-10) Sinche Ramirez, Luis Gerardo; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
In this research, lead, cadmium, and arsenic were quantified in chicken meat samples (Gallus domesticus) sold at the Caquetá market, located in the district of San Martin de Porres in Lima, Peru, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace and atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a hydride generator. The quantification of the mentioned elements was performed at the Center for Information, Toxicological Control, and Environmental Management Support (CICOTOX). The results obtained were as follows: the average concentration of arsenic was 0.0006 mg/kg, with a minimum value of 0.0001 mg/kg and a maximum value of 0.0027 mg/kg. The average cadmium concentration was 0.02027 mg/kg, with a minimum value of 0.0078 mg/kg and a maximum value of 0.0627 mg/kg. The average lead concentration was 0.6953 mg/kg, with a minimum concentration of 0.3047 mg/kg and a maximum concentration of 1.1953 mg/kg. It is concluded that, in chicken breast meat samples, arsenic values are within acceptable limits; however, both cadmium (8%) and lead (100%) exceed the maximum permissible limit set by MERCOSUR.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo, cromo y cadmio en témperas de uso escolar comercializadas en la galería “El Portal de Andahuaylas” del Centro de Lima
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2012) Quispe Selarayán, Jessica; Soria Cruz, Jessica Betty; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
Environmental exposure to lead, cadmium, and chromium represents a major public health concern worldwide, particularly affecting children due to their heightened vulnerability to toxic effects. The present study aimed to determine the concentrations of these metals in tempera paints sold at the “El Portal de Andahuaylas” gallery in downtown Lima. For this purpose, 36 samples of primary-color tempera paints (yellow, red, and blue) were collected and analyzed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry, chosen for its sensitivity. The results showed that all samples contained measurable amounts of lead, cadmium, and chromium. While 100% of the samples complied with the maximum permissible limits (25 mg/kg for lead and 15 mg/kg for cadmium) established by Peruvian Technical Standards (NTP 324.001-1:2009 and NTP 324.001-3:2008), 96% of the samples exceeded the permissible limit for chromium (25 mg/kg). These findings suggest that although lead and cadmium levels are within acceptable ranges, the elevated chromium content poses a potential risk to children who frequently use these products.
Acceso abierto
Estudio comparativo de la calidad del agua potable en relación a los niveles de plomo y cadmio en las viviendas del distrito del Cercado de Lima y Chosica en el mes de octubre del año 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-07-12) Marcos Villavicencio, Karim Elizabeth; Quinteros Arias, Michell Gianella; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
This research aimed to determine the quality of drinking water in households in the Cercado de Lima and Chosica districts with respect to their lead and cadmium content. For this purpose, 30 households from the two districts were randomly selected. One-liter drinking water samples were collected in polyethylene bottles, preserved with nitric acid, and then transferred and analyzed at the Corrosion and Protection Institute of the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru. The ICP-MS method was used to determine the presence of total metals, with a focus on lead and cadmium. The results were processed using Excel 19.0 and SPSS Statistics 26. The results indicate that the average concentration of lead was 0.0012000 mg/L and cadmium was 0.0004133 mg/L in the drinking water, and both values did not exceed the maximum permissible limits. However, in the Cercado de Lima district, one out of 15 samples exceeded the levels for both lead and cadmium. It is concluded that while only one of the analyzed samples exceeded the maximum permissible limit and the rest were below the limits, more studies with a larger number of samples should be conducted because contamination is evident.