Examinando por Autor "Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica"

Mostrando 1 - 19 de 19

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Anatomical determination of the ducts mesio-vestibular roots, through diaphanization in the Peruvian population
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-09-29) Torres Zelada, Cretta Tamina; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective of this research was to determine the anatomical constitution of the mesio–vestibular root canals through diaphanization in the Peruvian population. This was an in vitro study using 61 teeth (lower molars). The methodology was hypothetical-deductive, with a quantitative approach, descriptive type, and observational, descriptive, and comparative design. Results: According to Vertucci's classification, in an in vitro test of 61 teeth, the results showed that 50% (30 teeth) belonged to Type I with one canal, followed by Type III with one canal at 25% (15 teeth). The third group was formed by Type IV with two canals at 8.33% (5 teeth), and the fourth group was Type V with one canal at 6.66% (4 teeth). Conclusions: The prevalence of Type I was determined, indicating the anatomical variety of root canal types present in the roots of the first lower molar in the Peruvian population, according to Vertucci’s classification. It was determined that there is a prevalence of anatomical variety in the direction of mesio–vestibular root canals in the Peruvian population. Additionally, it was concluded that lower molars with a single root canal are the most frequent in the Peruvian population.
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Anatomical variants of root canals in mandibular second molars evaluated in Cone Beam tomography in a dental imaging center
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-04-19) Pareja Maldonado, Maria Lizbeth; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The anatomical variations of the root canals in mandibular second molars were determined through Cone Beam CT scans in a dental imaging center. The study was observational and quantitative, with 108 Cone Beam CT scans being studied using the Vertucci and Melton classifications. It was found that the majority of patients had 2 roots on the right side (77.80%) and left side (84.30%). There were 3 canals on the right side (68.50%) and left side (75.90%). Regarding the Vertucci classification for the mesial root, type II was found on the right side (26.90%) and type III on the left side (32.40%). In the distal root, type I was found on both the right side (92.60%) and left side (92.60%). In terms of sex, most female patients presented type I on the mesial root on the right side (16.70%) and type III on the left side (19.40%). The distal root was type I on the right side (50.90%) and left side (50.90%). Regarding the prevalence of the C canal, the right and left sides showed 24.10%. Type I was mostly found on the right side (61.50%) and left side (65.40%), with a higher prevalence in females. In conclusion, there is anatomical variation in the root canals of mandibular second molars.
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Chromatic stability in polished and unpolished nano-hybrid resins from 2 different brands, immersed in pigment solutions
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-14) Castillo Tasayco, José Luis; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective of this study was to determine the chromatic stability in nano-hybrid resins with and without polishing from two different brands, immersed in pigmenting solutions. The methodology used was inductive, with a quantitative, experimental, longitudinal, and prospective approach. Two pigmented beverages were used: a carbonated beverage and purple corn drink. A total of 80 resin discs were used, divided into 10 discs of each brand, with polishing and without polishing (3M Z350 XT and Tetric N-Ceram). These resin discs, with a diameter of 10mm and a thickness of 2mm, were immersed for 10 days in containers with the carbonated beverage and purple corn drink. The Sof-Lex disc system (3M) was used for polishing the resin discs. All measurements were taken using a Chromascop colorimeter, and the data collection instrument was validated by experts. The results showed that polished resin discs of the 3M Z350 XT and Tetric N-Ceram brands, immersed in carbonated beverage, underwent a color change of 2 shades, while non-polished resin discs of the same brands experienced a color change of 5 shades. This study concluded that the chromatic stability of both 3M Z350 XT and Tetric N-Ceram resins, whether polished or not, changes when exposed to pigmented beverages. It was also concluded that polishing the 3M Z350 XT and Tetric N-Ceram resins is a crucial factor in maintaining better chromatic stability.
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Cleaning evaluation of endodontic manual files using the manual method compared to the ultrasonic mechanical method of jewelry.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-07-07) Brito Avila, Estefany; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Objective: To evaluate the level of cleaning achieved by the manual and ultrasonic jewelry cleaning methods applied to K files No 25, 30, and 35. Materials and Methods: The population consisted of 96 K files (Maillefer®), divided into 3 groups of 16 files as follows: A1, A2, A3 (mechanical method) and B1, B2, B3 (manual method). The files were biomechanically worked on premolar teeth. After instrumentation, each file was cleaned with a nylon brush (Oral B® Pro-health) and enzymatic solution (Alkazyme®). Then, group A was immersed in the solution for 15 minutes and brushed again, while group B was placed in a jewelry ultrasonic cleaner (BAKU® BK-3550) at 50 W for 56 minutes (8 series of 420 seconds each). Subsequently, both groups were rinsed with distilled water and dried at room temperature. The files were then immersed in Crystal Violet staining. The active part of the files was visualized under a stereomicroscope, considering four levels of cleanliness: 4 (100% clean), 3 (95-99%), 2 (85-94%), 1 (75-84%), and 0 (less than 75%). Results: For the jewelry ultrasonic cleaning method, the median with the interquartile range of the cleaning percentage was: 82.73±11.72 (files No 25), 79.50±27.43 (No 30), and 62.75±49.31 (No 35). For the manual method, the values were: 84.37±40.56 (files No 25), 89.06±30.75 (No 30), and 48.13±36.94 (No 35). Both cleaning methods showed no statistically significant differences for each file group evaluated (p>0.05). Conclusion: The ultrasonic jewelry cleaning method demonstrated greater effectiveness in removing biological debris but not significantly compared to the manual method. Additionally, the highest cleaning level was achieved with No. 30 files using the ultrasonic method, while for No. 35 files, both methods were ineffective.
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Comparison of dimensional changes of two hydrocolloids irreversible agents commonly used in dental practice according to time elapsed after printing. In vitro study. Lima Peru 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-06-28) Jiménez Cervantes, Marita; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective was to compare the dimensional changes of two irreversible hydrocolloids commonly used in dental practice, according to the time elapsed after the impression. Methodology: Two irreversible hydrocolloids, Alginelle and Hygedent, were used to take 27 impressions on an acrylic master model. A reference point was chosen, measuring the transverse distance (intermolar distance), which was also measured in the dental impressions at different time intervals: immediately after the impression, and at 60 and 120 minutes. All data were recorded in the data collection form. Results: The dimensional change of the Alginelle hydrocolloid was 0.35 mm immediately after the impression, 0.42 mm at 60 minutes, and 0.47 mm at 120 minutes. The dimensional change of the Hygedent hydrocolloid was 0.48 mm immediately after the impression, 0.66 mm at 60 minutes, and 0.67 mm at 120 minutes. Conclusion: No discrepancies were found in the dimensional changes of the two commonly used irreversible hydrocolloids in dental practice according to the time elapsed after the impression.
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Comparison of resistance to cyclical flexural fatigue between two reciprocating file systems, Lima - 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-02) Trinidad Marcelo, Anthony; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective of this research was to "Compare the cyclic flexural fatigue resistance of two reciprocating file systems, Lima-2023." An analytical methodology with a quantitative approach, applied type, and experimental, correlational, and prospective design was used. The sample included 40 reciprocating files. Data collection was conducted using the structured observation technique, with a data collection sheet as the instrument. The results allowed the comparison of cyclic flexural fatigue resistance between two reciprocating file systems, indicating that there were no significant differences in terms of time, length, and number of cycles. The obtained p-values (0.482, 0.715, and 0.782, respectively) exceeded the established significance level of 0.05, suggesting that there is not enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis for any of the evaluated parameters. In conclusion, no significant disparities were found in cyclic flexural fatigue resistance between the two reciprocating file systems in the aspects analyzed, indicating a similarity in their performance under the studied conditions.
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Effect of polymerization time on the magnitude of the color of locally marketed bulk fill resin restorations in 2021.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-06) Taype Ramirez, Victor Jesús; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The present study titled "Effect of polymerization time on the color magnitude of Bulk Fill resin restorations from local commercial sources in 2021" aimed to determine the effect of polymerization time on the color magnitude of Bulk Fill resin restorations from local commercial sources in 2021. A descriptive-correlational research method was used, with a quantitative approach, applied type, cross-sectional design, and experimental design. The study involved 60 photopolymerizable resin discs with dimensions of 4mm depth and 8mm diameter. The results were obtained using the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, and it was established that the variables were independent, meaning the null hypothesis was rejected. The conclusion was that there are differences between polymerization time and the color magnitude of Bulk Fill resin restorations from local commercial sources in 2021.
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Effect of three pigment solutions on the stability chromatic in stock artificial teeth for prosthetics. In Vitro Lima 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-07) Mamani Mamani, Tania Johana; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Objective: To determine the effect of three pigmenting solutions on the color stability of stock acrylic teeth for prostheses in vitro. Methodology: The research was experimental, using 80 Olympic acrylic teeth, divided into four experimental groups of 20 teeth each, with each group exposed to one of the pigmenting substances: coffee, carbonated beverage, red wine, and distilled water (the control group). The statistical test used was ANOVA to assess differences between groups, and for multiple comparisons, the Tukey and Duncan tests were applied with an error margin of 0.05. Results: Coffee was the pigmenting solution that caused the most significant chromatic variation in Olympic acrylic teeth, with an average variation of 3.56, followed by red wine with an average variation of 2.12, carbonated beverage with 2.06, and distilled water with an average variation of 1.50. Conclusion: Coffee was the pigmenting solution that caused the most significant chromatic variation in Olympic acrylic teeth, followed by red wine, and finally, the carbonated beverage.
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Effectiveness of an educational intervention on management of adverse events in undergraduate dental students at the private university Norbert Wiener, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-27) Briceño Bueno, Nicet; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the management of adverse events in undergraduate dental students at Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 2023. A hypothetical-deductive method with a quantitative approach, pre-experimental design, and applied research type was employed. The study variable was an educational intervention on the management of adverse events in the clinical practice of dental students. The population consisted of 119 students who received an educational intervention with pre- and post-tests through a valid and reliable questionnaire (KR 20 = 0.800). These questionnaires were processed in an Excel database and analyzed using the SPSS version 27 statistical software. The results provided descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the majority of respondents were female (66%), with 45.4% of the participants aged between 18 and 24 years, and 53.6% were in their 4th to 6th semester. Furthermore, there was an increase in positive responses, from 18.1% (526 questions) during the pre-test to 22.8% (664 questions) in the post-test, showing an overall positive increase of 4.7% for the evaluated variable. The p-value analysis obtained a value (sig. = 0.028), which is less than 0.05, meaning the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. It is concluded that there is an effective educational intervention on the management of adverse events in undergraduate dental students at Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, Lima 2023.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of hand disinfection between antiseptic washing and rubbing with alcohol gel in the health personnel of the national hospital guillermo almenara irigoyen - 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-01) Martinez Sandon, Gladys Jackeline; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are a prevalent and constantly changing global issue. Hand hygiene is considered the fundamental method of prevention against HAIs and plays an important role in reducing pathogens. Two techniques are proposed to achieve optimal hand hygiene: antiseptic hand washing, which is done with water and regular soap to mechanically remove dirt from the skin, and antiseptic hand rubbing, which involves friction between both hands after the application of a disinfectant to reduce the likelihood of pathogen proliferation without the need to rinse or dry the hands. An observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and prospective study was conducted with 18 medical and technical staff from the Dentistry Service of the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital in 2021. A data collection form was completed after informed consent was signed. Samples were taken during two visits to the institution: during the first visit, samples were collected before and after antiseptic hand washing, which involved rubbing the swab on both hands without washing them, followed by hand washing with PROTEX® antibacterial soap for 40 to 60 seconds, and another swab was taken with clean hands. During the second visit, samples were taken before and after rubbing with alcohol gel, which involved rubbing the swab on both hands without performing hygiene, followed by the application of 62% AVAL® antibacterial alcohol gel on one palm and instructing the participant to rub both hands for 20 to 30 seconds before swabbing. Results: The results showed that antiseptic hand washing was more effective than alcohol gel rubbing, with a 50.1% higher probability of eliminating microorganisms (CFU/ml) compared to alcohol gel, with a 95% confidence level. Conclusion: The results of this study determine that antiseptic hand washing is more effective than alcohol gel rubbing for hand disinfection.
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Efficacy of endodontic solvents (eucalyptol, orange oil and lemon essential oil) in root canal retreatments to dissolve gutta-percha at different time intervals. In Vitro.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-05-28) Gomez Ventura, Karen; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of endodontic solvents in retreatments of root canals to soften gutta-percha at different time intervals. Methodology: Three solvent substances (eucalyptol, orange oil, and lemon essential oil) were used to dissolve gutta-percha, which was previously shaped into discs of 8 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness. These discs were weighed and individually recorded, then immersed in Petri dishes containing the substances to be studied. The discs were immersed for 2, 5, and 10-minute intervals, after which they were removed from the solvents, rinsed with distilled water, dried, and weighed again using a digital balance. The weights in grams at each time point were recorded and analyzed using SPSS 23 with an ANOVA test. Results: Eucalyptol achieved an effectiveness of 0.008, 0.012, and 0.018 grams at 2, 5, and 10 minutes, respectively. Orange oil achieved effectiveness of 0.007, 0.012, and 0.016 grams at 2, 5, and 10 minutes. Lemon essential oil achieved effectiveness of 0.005, 0.009, and 0.012 grams at 2, 5, and 10 minutes. Conclusion: Eucalyptol proved to be the most effective solvent for dissolving gutta-percha at 2, 5, and 10 minutes, followed by orange oil, which was more effective than lemon essential oil.
Acceso abierto
Evaluation of the effect of cigarette smokeon the color in acrylic resin teeth of the Ivostar and Olympic brands: in-vitro study, Lima 2022.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-11) Vargas Rodríguez, Elena Cristina; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective of the study was to determine whether cigarette smoke affects the color of acrylic resin teeth from the Ivostar and Olympic brands: an in vitro study. An in vitro, comparative, prospective, and longitudinal study was conducted with 40 acrylic resin teeth from the Ivostar and Olympic brands, each consisting of n = 20 acrylic resin teeth. The initial luminosity, chroma, and hue of the acrylic resin teeth were evaluated using a Spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade V). The teeth were then exposed to a cigarette smoke simulator, and the color was evaluated after 15 and 30 days. Numerical values were collected using a data collection sheet. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0. The results showed that the mean luminosity for Ivostar brand teeth exposed to cigarette smoke initially was 85.29 nm, at 15 days it decreased to 83.3 nm, and at 30 days it further decreased to 81.57 nm. The chroma values initially were 24.57 nm, at 15 days 25.72 nm, and at 30 days 26.90 nm. The initial hue values were 88.38 nm, at 15 days 89.96 nm, and at 30 days 91.91 nm. The Olympic brand showed an initial luminosity of 83.84 nm, with 79.53 nm at 15 days and 76.6 nm at 30 days. The chroma mean values started at 19.28 nm, at 15 days it reached 21.28 nm, and at 30 days it was 23.95 nm. The hue values for Olympic brand teeth started at 90.24 nm, at 15 days reached 92.53 nm, and at 30 days it was 94.54 nm. In conclusion, Ivostar showed better initial luminosity values, which progressively decreased with exposure to cigarette smoke. As for chroma, Ivostar showed better initial values and an increase over time. However, Olympic exhibited changes in hue over the course of the study, with increases at 15 and 30 days.
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Level of satisfaction in dental teleconsultation versus care face-to-face in the patients of the private clinic Dentilike during the pandemic 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-04-20) Morante Achong, Maria Dolores; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Objective: To evaluate the level of satisfaction with tele-dental consultation versus in-person dental care in patients at Dentilike clinic during the 2021 pandemic. Methodology: Applied research with an observational design, cross-sectional and analytical. The sample consisted of all patients over 18 years old who visited the Dentilike dental center in Lima during October and November 2021. A simple random probability sampling method was used, based on the finite sample size formula, resulting in a sample size of 169. Two types of validated questionnaires were used to measure the level of satisfaction with teleconsultation and in-person consultations. The data were analyzed after coding and creating an Excel data matrix, processed using a PC with the INTEL CORE I5 operating system and SPSS version 26. The variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, frequencies, and percentages with a significance level of 0.05%. Results: 44.4% of those evaluated in teleconsultation reported high satisfaction, compared to 48.5% of those evaluated in in-person consultations, with both groups presenting high levels of satisfaction.
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Mental health in times of covid-19 and oral health care in patients of the Multident Monterrico Dental Center, Surco - 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-04-17) Saldaña Palomino, Stefany Brigitte; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The study was titled "Mental Health during COVID-19 and Oral Health Care in Patients at the Multident Monterrico Dental Center, Surco-2022." Mental health is one of the most affected factors during the pandemic due to social isolation, leading to neglect in oral health and hygiene. The general objective was to determine the relationship between mental health (stress, anxiety, and depression) during COVID-19 and oral health care in patients at the Multident Monterrico Dental Center, Surco. The methodology followed was a hypothetical-deductive approach with a quantitative focus, basic type, and non-experimental design. The population consisted of all clients of the dental center, totaling 235 patients, with a sample size of 147 patients determined through random probabilistic sampling with 95% confidence and 5% error. Data was collected using a virtual survey technique via Google Forms. Main results showed that mental health in patients at the Multident Monterrico Dental Center had a regular level (49%), and oral health had a regular level (50%). The study concluded that there is a moderate significant relationship between mental and oral health (r = 0.409), as well as between the dimensions of stress (r = 0.402), anxiety (r = 0.302), and depression (r = 0.419).
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Nivel de ansiedad en pacientes adultos frente a la atención odontológica en tiempos de Covid 19 en un centro odontológico, Lima 2020.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-07-05) Pacherres Silva, Erika; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The objective of this study was to determine the level of anxiety in adult patients regarding dental care during the COVID-19 pandemic at a dental center in Lima in 2020. This was an observational, prospective, and cross-sectional study that included 203 patients of both sexes over 18 years old who attended the aforementioned dental center. A previously validated survey, the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale by Corah, was applied to collect demographic characteristics of the participants and the type of treatment received to diagnose anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Each participant voluntarily consented by signing an informed consent form. The results showed that 40.89% of respondents presented a mild level of anxiety. A significant association was found between different levels of anxiety and the variable age, with a predominance in the 18 to 39-year-old range (64.53%). Higher prevalence was also observed in females (64.53%), participants with higher education (60.10%), single marital status (59.11%), and in restorative treatments (29.06%). In conclusion, the application of the Norman Corah Test allowed the determination that a high percentage of individuals did not report dental anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among those who did, moderate anxiety was the most representative.
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The perception of the gamification technique for competency-based learning among dental university students at the Norbert Wiener University, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-04) Mucha Guerra, Rosario Lilia; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
The main objective of this study was to determine the perception of the gamification technique for competency-based learning among dental students at Universidad Norbert Wiener enrolled in the academic period 2023-1. An observational descriptive study was designed, including a sample of 268 students who responded to a survey in Google Forms format, sent via institutional email. The survey was divided into two sections: one for sociodemographic data and the second, a Likert scale with 5 response items to measure perceptions about the use of gamification. The scale was validated by expert judgment, with inter-rater agreement values greater than 0.7, indicating approval of the instrument. Reliability was also analyzed through internal consistency analysis, yielding a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.96 for the general perception. The results reveal a positive attitude (59.7%) towards the use of gamification, a significant relationship with age for both general perception and the dimensions of teaching activities, suitability, and development (p<0.05), while age was related to the dimensions of suitability and context (p<0.05). No relationship was found between perception and academic grade. It is concluded that the students have a positive attitude, with women showing a higher positive valuation for certain dimensions, while students aged 20 to 28 tend to perceive the benefits of applying gamified strategies in the university educational context.
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Perception of the quality of training and confidence in the clinical management of the apical third in endodontic therapy among students of a private university, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-22) Alburqueque Altamirano, Fernando Javier; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
This study was conducted to determine the association between the perception of formative quality and confidence in the clinical management of the apical third in endodontic therapy among students of a private university in Lima, 2023. To this end, an analytical methodology was employed, with a quantitative approach, applied type, and a non-experimental design. A survey and a questionnaire were used as data collection instruments among 101 students. The results revealed a significant association between formative quality and confidence in the clinical management of the apical third in dental students of a private university in Lima in 2023 (p < 0.05, Rho = 0.654).
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Resistance to compression of the Nanohybrid resin in comparison with the Bulk Fill type resin using the incremental and Monoincremental technique. in vitro study
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-01-12) Gámez Céspedes, Elmer Iván; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Objective: To compare the compressive strength of nanohybrid resin and bulk-fill resin using the incremental and monoincremental techniques. Methodology: Two types of resins were used: a nanohybrid resin and a bulk-fill resin. Both were molded into cylindrical shapes with dimensions of 8 mm in length and 4 mm in diameter. Cylinders formed using the incremental technique were created in 2 mm increments, while those formed using the monoincremental technique were created in 4 mm increments. These cylinders were subjected to compression testing using a universal testing machine, applying compressive force until fracture. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 23 with the Student's t-test for independent samples. Results: The compressive strength of nanohybrid resin using the monoincremental technique was 254.90 ± 38.97 MPa, while for the incremental technique, it was 199.65 ± 44.29 MPa. On the other hand, the compressive strength of bulk-fill resin using the monoincremental technique was 226.36 ± 28.17 MPa, and for the incremental technique, it was 211.16 ± 19.97 MPa. Conclusion: The compressive strength of bulk-fill resin using the monoincremental technique was greater than that of nanohybrid resin using the incremental technique.
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Volumetric variation of two silicones by condensation SPEEDEX and ZETAPLUS when polymerizing over time
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-21) Dominguez Ruiz, Yamyr; Llerena Meza De Pastor, Verónica
Objective: To compare in vitro the volumetric differences of two condensation silicones (Speedex and Zetaplus) at 5 and 30 minutes, 1, 24, and 48 hours. Materials and Methods: A total of 24 samples were obtained from two brands of heavy condensation silicones (Speedex and Zetaplus) in a 5cc³ matrix. The materials were activated and subsequently weighed on a sensitive digital scale at different times following activation. The volumes of the samples were calculated from the weights obtained and then compared. Results: Non-parametric Friedman's test and Student's t-test for independent groups were performed. The mean volumetric variation in the Zetaplus group was -0.00012 with a standard deviation of 0.00001, while the Speedex group showed a mean of -0.00009 with a standard deviation of 0.00002. Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups (p<0.05). At 30 minutes, volumetric variations were smaller but still significantly different between the silicones. Conclusions: Speedex heavy silicone exhibited significantly lower volumetric variation than Zetaplus silicone at 5 and 30 minutes, but not at later times. Both condensation silicones, Speedex and Zetaplus, showed significant volumetric variations at 5 and 30 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hours, and 48 hours.