Examinando por Autor "Rivera-Lozada, Oriana"

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Calidad de atención y satisfacción del usuario de un hospital especializado nivel II-2 de Lima
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-06) Cachique Oliveira, Suzeti Margarita; Barrios, Julio; Arispe Alburqueque, Claudia; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana
La calidad de atención en los servicios de ginecobstetricia se encuentra ligada a la demanda de los servicios de salud ofertados e influye de forma indirecta en la modificación de los indicadores de salud reproductiva, por lo que se plantea evaluar la satisfacción percibida por parte de los usuarios del servicio. El objetivo fue determinar la relación entre la calidad de atención y satisfacción de las usuarias del servicio de ginecología y obstetricia de un hospital especializado nivel II-2. La investigación fue de enfoque cuantitativo, observacional, correlacional y transversal. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante encuestas estructuradas bajo el modelo SERVQUAL. Se encontró que existe una correlación directamente proporcional entre la calidad de atención y sus diferentes dimensiones evaluadas, siendo la dimensión tangible la de mayor calidad con un nivel de aceptación del 96,50%, seguido de empatía, la capacidad de respuesta, seguridad y fiabilidad. Se concluye que existe una relación significativamente alta entre la calidad de la atención y la satisfacción por parte de las usuarias del servicio de ginecobstetricia atendidas en el hospital.
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Critical Thinking, Generalized Anxiety in Satisfaction with Studies: The Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy in Medical Students
(MDPI, 2023-08-09) Huamán-Tapia, Elbert; Almanza-Cabe, Robinson B; Sairitupa-Sanchez, Liset Z; Morales-García, Sandra B; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Flores-Paredes, Alcides; Morales-García, Wilter C
“Background: The academic and emotional challenges faced by medical students can affect critical thinking and may also contribute to the development of increased generalized anxiety. Similarly, critical thinking and generalized anxiety can impact study satisfaction through the mediating mechanism of academic self-efficacy. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the mediating role of academic self-efficacy between critical thinking and generalized anxiety in study satisfaction among medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional and explanatory study was conducted involving 259 Peruvian medical students aged between 18 and 35 (M = 20.29, SD = 2.84). The evaluation was based on self-reported questionnaires covering critical thinking, generalized anxiety, academic self-efficacy, and study satisfaction. Furthermore, a structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation approach was employed to examine the relationships between variables. Results: The results showed an adequate fit of the model [χ2 (87) = 155, p < 0.001, CFI = 0.93, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.05 (CI: 0.04-0.07), SRMR = 0.07], demonstrating the impact of critical thinking and generalized anxiety. It was confirmed that academic self-efficacy has a positive effect on study satisfaction. Moreover, the mediating role of academic self-efficacy was confirmed between critical thinking and study satisfaction, as well as between generalized anxiety and study satisfaction. Conclusions: Due to the high academic load on medical students, academic self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between critical thinking, generalized anxiety, and satisfaction with studies. The development of educational strategies will help to promote critical thinking and academic self-efficacy, as well as provide support to students with generalized anxiety, to enhance study satisfaction.“
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Depresión en pacientes con tuberculosis en una región del Perú: Un estudio transversal
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-04-17) Bonilla-Asalde, Cesar Antonio; Rivera-Lozada, Isabel Cristina; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Palmieri, Patrick
La tuberculosis, además de producir deterioro clínico, causa problemas sociales y mentales, con mayor frecuencia la depresión, que afecta negativamente al proceso del tratamiento. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar los niveles de depresión en pacientes con tuberculosis en una región de alta carga de la enfermedad en el Perú. Es un estudio transversal analítico en 110 pacientes con tuberculosis. Se recolectaron datos sociodemográficos y clínicos mediante una encuesta; se aplicó el cuestionario de salud del paciente (PHQ-9) para diagnosticar depresión. El porcentaje de depresión entre los pacientes con tuberculosis fue del 54,5 %; fue encontrada una relación estadísticamente significativa entre la depresión y género, estado civil, escolaridad, ingreso económico, tipo de tuberculosis y estatus del tratamiento. El estudio permitió concluir que la depresión es común en los pacientes con tuberculosis, lo que sugiere que el personal de salud tenga en cuenta esta situación al evaluar a los pacientes con tuberculosis; la depresión no diagnosticada puede amenazar la eficacia de la estrategia DOTS.
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Development and validation of a scale for streaming dependence (SDS) of online games in a Peruvian population
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023-08-24) Sairitupa-Sanchez, Liset Z; Collantes-Vargas, Alejandra; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Morales-García, Wilter C
“Background: Addiction to online video game streaming has become one of the most appealing ways to occupy leisure time and is one of the most popular activities. The satisfaction it provides and the time invested in it are two of the main reasons why it is preferred. However, despite the clear benefits that this activity offers, in some cases, excessive use can lead to personal and/or family problems or abuse. Objective: The objective of the study was to develop and validate a scale to measure potential traits of dependence on online game streaming. The participants were 423 Peruvian adults aged between 18 and 47 years (M = 22.87, SD = 5.02). The Streaming Dependence Scale (SDS) was developed based on a literature review, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted. Results: The scale showed adequate internal consistency (α, CR, ω, and H > 80). Confirmatory analysis confirmed the one-dimensional structure (χ2 = 10.250, df = 5; p = 0.068; CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.06, SRMR = 0.05). Conclusion: The brief SDS is a valid and reliable measure that can be used as a useful tool to identify and evaluate streaming dependence.“
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“Factors Associated with Mortality with Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Indigenous Populations in Peru 2015–2019“
(MDPI, 2022) León-Giraldo, Hoover; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Castro-Alzate, Elvis Siprian; Aylas-Salcedo, Rula; Pacheco-López, Robinson; Bonilla-Asalde, César Antonio
“Objective: To identify factors associated with mortality in indigenous populations diagnosed with tuberculosis in Peru, 2015–2019. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in a retrospective cohort using the registry of indigenous peoples of the National Health Strategy for TB Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Health of Peru. A descriptive analysis was performed, and then bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between the variables and the outcome (alive–deceased). The results are shown as OR with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results: The mortality rate of the total indigenous population of Peru was 1.75 deaths per 100,000 indigenous people diagnosed with TB. The community of Kukama Kukamiria-Yagua reported 505 (28.48%) individuals, followed by the Shipibo-Konibo community with 385. The final logistic model showed that indigenous males (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.001–3.7) with a history of HIV prior to TB (OR = 16.7; 95% CI: 4.7–58.7), and indigenous people in old age (OR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.5–5.7) were factors associated with a greater chance of dying from TB. Conclusions: It is important to reorient health services among indigenous populations, especially those related to improving a timely diagnosis and early treatment of TB/HIV co-infection, to ensure comprehensive care for this population considering that they are vulnerable groups“
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“Factors Associated with Mortality with Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Indigenous Populations in Peru 2015–2019“
(MDPI, 2022-11-15) León-Giraldo, Hoover; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Castro-Alzate, Elvis Siprian; Aylas-Salcedo, Rula; Pacheco-López, Robinson; Bonilla-Asalde, César Antonio
“Objective: To identify factors associated with mortality in indigenous populations diagnosed with tuberculosis in Peru, 2015–2019. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in a retrospective cohort using the registry of indigenous peoples of the National Health Strategy for TB Prevention and Control of the Ministry of Health of Peru. A descriptive analysis was performed, and then bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between the variables and the outcome (alive–deceased). The results are shown as OR with their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results: The mortality rate of the total indigenous population of Peru was 1.75 deaths per 100,000 indigenous people diagnosed with TB. The community of Kukama Kukamiria-Yagua reported 505 (28.48%) individuals, followed by the Shipibo-Konibo community with 385. The final logistic model showed that indigenous males (OR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.001–3.7) with a history of HIV prior to TB (OR = 16.7; 95% CI: 4.7–58.7), and indigenous people in old age (OR = 2.95; 95% CI: 1.5–5.7) were factors associated with a greater chance of dying from TB. Conclusions: It is important to reorient health services among indigenous populations, especially those related to improving a timely diagnosis and early treatment of TB/HIV co-infection, to ensure comprehensive care for this population considering that they are vulnerable groups.“
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Factors related to depression in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in two coastal regions of Peru: An analytical cross-sectional study
(NLM (Medline), 2022-03-10) Quispe Sáenz, Elena de Jesús; Salvador-Carrillo, José Fernando; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Bonilla Asalde, Cesar Antonio
“Background: Mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and their aggravation have been studied extensively in the general population. However, there are few studies on depression in older adults and the few existing results may be contradictory, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with depression in older adults in two coastal regions of Peru during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This study uses an analytical cross-sectional design in a population of older adults, who participated in a non-governmental ambulatory social support program in Callao and Ica, two coastal regions of Peru. We administered an on-site structured questionnaire to record sociodemographic data, the Geriatric Depression Scale by Yesavage to measure depression, and the Barthel Index to assess physical function. In order to determine cognitive impairment as an exclusion criterion, the MEC-30 was used. The association between variables was assessed through contingency tables, using the odds ratio (OR) with its corresponding confidence interval (95% CI) and the X2 test. Finally, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Out of the 244 older adults surveyed, 39% had depressive symptoms, of which 28.3% (n=69) and 10.7% (n=26) were moderately and severely depressive, respectively. The findings significantly associated with the presence of depressive symptoms were being 76 years old or older [p=0.005, OR: 2.33, 95% CI: 1.29-4.20], not participating in weekly recreational activities [p=0.004, OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.31-3.99] and the presence of comorbidities [p=0.026, OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.07-3.29]. Conclusion: There are few studies exploring depression in older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic; this research shows the importance of mental health care in this population and, particularly, of those who are 76 or older because they suffer from comorbid conditions and have interrupted recreational activities.“
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Herd immunity in older adults from a middle-income country: A time-series trend analysis of community-acquired pneumonia mortality 2003–2017
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023-05-03) Sanchez, Carlos A.; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Lozada-Urbano, Michelle; Best-Bandenay, Pablo
“Background and Aims Community-acquired pneumonia is responsible for substantial mortality, and pneumococcus is commonly accepted as a major cause of pneumonia, regardless of laboratory confirmation. Child immunization programs have reported success in decreasing pneumonia mortality: directly in young children and indirectly (herd immunity) in unvaccinated adult populations in some countries. We assess changes in mortality trends for all-cause pneumonia in older adults associated with the introduction of pneumococcal vaccination for children in Peru. Methods This is a secondary analysis on administrative data collected periodically by the Peruvian Ministry of Health. An observational retrospective time series analysis was conducted using longitudinal population-based data from death certificates in Peru between 2003 and 2017. The time series includes 6 years before and 9 years after the introduction of the pneumococcal-conjugated vaccines in the national child immunization program in 2009. Monthly frequencies and annual rates for all-cause pneumonia deaths in children under 5 years of age and adults over 65 years of age are presented. Linear and quadratic trends are analyzed. Results Deaths among older adults accounted for 75.6% of all-cause pneumonia mortality in Peru, with 94.4% of these reporting “pneumonia due to unspecified organism” as the underlying cause of death. Comparing pre- and post-child immunization program periods, annual average mortality rates from unspecified pneumonia decreased by 22.7% in young children but increased by 19.6% in older adults. A linear trend model supports this overall tendency, but a quadratic curve explains the data better. Conclusion Pneumococcal-conjugated vaccines are developed using serotypes prevalent in selected countries from less common (invasive) pneumococcal disease and expected to prevent mortality worldwide from widespread (noninvasive) pneumonia. Our results do not support the presence of herd immunity from pneumococcal vaccination of children for community-acquired pneumonia in the increasingly ageing population of Peru. This should direct future research and could influence public health policy.“
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“Impact of economic growth on scientific production in Latin America and the Caribbean based on panel data analysis [version 1; peer review: 2 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] “
(F1000 Research Ltd, 2023-02-06) Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Yangali-Vicente, Judith Soledad; Millones-Gòmez, Pablo Alejandro; Minchón -Medina, Carlos Alberto; Rosales-Cifuentes, Tania Valentina
“Background: The great difference in scientific production among countries, especially in Latin America and the Caribbean, may be related to the economic growth of each nation, but countries with larger economies do not necessarily have higher scientific production. Political changes and unstable economies result in little sustainability of scientific production in the countries in these regions. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of economic growth on scientific production, measured as the variation in the gross domestic product and the number of scientific publications, in Latin American and Caribbean countries. Methods: The analyzed information was collected from the open data source of the World Bank for the years from 2000 to 2018. The analysis was performed using unbalanced data panel models that cross-sectionally considered the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean and longitudinally considered the period 2000-2018 using grouped regression models, fixed effects models or random effects models. The Hausman test was used to choose between fixed and random effects models. Results: The results of both the random effects models and the fixed effects models demonstrated the negative impact of economic growth on scientific production. This proves that it is necessary to state alternatives to mend and improve the state of scientific production. Conclusion: The present study is relevant because it is one of the first to study the impact of gross domestic product on scientific production in Latin American and Caribbean countries from a longitudinal perspective that also allows evaluating the dynamics of both variables.“
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Infant mortality rates and pneumococcal vaccines: a time-series trend analysis in 194 countries, 1950–2020
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2023-07-01) Carlos A Sanchez, Carlos A; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Lozada-Urbano, Michelle
Pneumonia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major cause of mortality in infants (children under 1 year of age), and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), delivered during the first year of life, are available since the year 2000. Given those two premises, the conclusion follows logically that favourable impact reported for PCVs in preventing pneumococcal disease should be reflected in the infant mortality rates (IMRs) from all causes. Using publicly available datasets, country-level IMR estimates from UNICEF and PCV introduction status from WHO, country-specific time series analysed the temporal relationship between annual IMRs and the introduction of PCVs, providing a unique context into the long-term secular trends of IMRs in countries that included and countries that did not include PCVs in their national immunisation programmes. PCV status was available for 194 countries during the period 1950–2020: 150 (77.3%) of these countries achieved nationwide PCV coverage at some point after the year 2000, 13 (6.7%) achieved only partial or temporary PCV coverage, and 31 (15.9%) never introduced PCVs to their population. One hundred and thirty-nine (92.7%) of countries that reported a decreasing (negative) trend in IMR, also reported a strong correlation with decreasing maternal mortality rates (MMRs), suggesting an improvement in overall child/ mother healthcare. Conversely, all but one of the countries that never introduced PCVs in their national immunisation programme also reported a decreasing trend in IMR that strongly correlates with MMRs. IMRs have been decreasing for decades all over the world, but this latest decrease may not be related to PCVs.
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Poverty, Household Structure and Consumption of Foods Away from Home in Peru in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
(MDPI, 2022-08-23) Lozada-Urbano, Michelle; Huamán, Franklin; Xirinachs, Yanira; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Yáñez, Jaime A.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the probability of buying food away from home according to the type of household using the logit model, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics of the heads of household, and how much income expenditure represents. A cross-sectional study was carried out using the National Household Survey (ENAHO) 2019 database. After joining the database, the household type variables were created. To calculate the probability with the “logit” model of purchase, the variables—family size, income, types of household, and total expenditure—were selected as a measure of the purchasing power of the family. A statistically significant association (p < 0.05) was found between the probability of consumption and the variables: age of household members, predominance, nuclear without children–married, nuclear with children–cohabitant, nuclear with children–widowed, nuclear with children–separated, extended, compounded, poor not extreme, and not poor. The bulk of families was represented by nuclear families (61.97%). The highest expenditure in the CFAH was for families defined as composite with a yearly average of USD 1652.89 (equivalent to PEN 5520.67). Observing the expenditure on food consumed outside the home through the composition of households can allow a better approach to offer educational measures. This information can be helpful to developers of educational issues. View Full-Text
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Poverty, Household Structure and Consumption of Foods Away from Home in Peru in 2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
(MDPI, 2022-08-23) Lozada-Urbano, Michelle; Huamán, Franklin; Xirinachs, Yanira; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Yáñez, Jaime A.
“The aim of this study was to evaluate the probability of buying food away from home according to the type of household using the logit model, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics of the heads of household, and how much income expenditure represents. A cross-sectional study was carried out using the National Household Survey (ENAHO) 2019 database. After joining the database, the household type variables were created. To calculate the probability with the “logit” model of purchase, the variables—family size, income, types of household, and total expenditure— were selected as a measure of the purchasing power of the family. A statistically significant association (p < 0.05) was found between the probability of consumption and the variables: age of household members, predominance, nuclear without children–married, nuclear with children–cohabitant, nuclear with children–widowed, nuclear with children–separated, extended, compounded, poor not extreme, and not poor. The bulk of families was represented by nuclear families (61.97%). The highest expenditure in the CFAH was for families defined as composite with a yearly average of USD 1652.89 (equivalent to PEN 5520.67). Observing the expenditure on food consumed outside the home through the composition of households can allow a better approach to offer educational measures. This information can be helpful to developers of educational issues.“
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Preventive and Regenerative Effect of Glutamine and Probiotics on Gastric Mucosa in an Experimental Model of Alcohol-Induced Injury in Male Holtzman Rats
(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2022-03-02) Lozada-Urbano, Michelle; Pitot, Christian; Recoba-Obregón, Paulo; Paredes-Inofuente, Diego; Cáceres, Cristina; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Inga-Berrospi, Fiorella; Bonilla-Asalde, Cesar
Background: The purpose of this study was to measure the preventive and regenerativeeffect of glutamine and probiotics induced by alcohol injury in Holtzman rats. Methods: Analytical,experimental and prospective study. The population consisted of 56 male rats between 300 and350 g, distributed in three experimental phases: Pre-pilot phase PPP (6 rats), Pilot phase PP (10 rats),and Experimental phase EP (40 rats). In the pilot phase, 10 rats were subjected to damage with8.5% ethanol, which was given intragastrically. The dosage was calculated for 10 rats in two groups:the first with 7.5 mL/kg in 5 rats and the second with 8.5 mL/kg in 5 rats. The experimentalphase was performed in 40 rats divided into 6 groups, the negative control group (healthy), positivecontrol group (injured), preventive experimental group (glutamine and glutamine with probiotic)and regenerative experimental group (glutamine and glutamine with probiotic). At the end of eachphase, the rats were sacrificed with sodium pentobarbital (Halathal) and a portion of their stomachswas stored in formol. Results: The evaluation of stomach tissue samples (desquamation, erythema,hyperemia) showed that in the preventive phase, glutamine shows effectiveness in comparison toglutamine with probiotic. In the regenerative phase, glutamine and glutamine with probiotic didnot show significant differences. Conclusions: Glutamine and probiotics can potentially serve as atherapy for the treatment for gastritis
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Preventive and Regenerative Effect of Glutamine and Probiotics on Gastric Mucosa in an Experimental Model of Alcohol-Induced Injury in Male Holtzman Rats
(MDPI, 2022-03-02) Lozada-Urbano, Michelle; Pitot, Christian; Recoba-Obregón, Paulo; Paredes-Inofuente, Diego; Cáceres, Cristina; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Inga-Berrospi, Fiorella; Cáceres, Cristina
Background: The purpose of this study was to measure the preventive and regenerativeeffect of glutamine and probiotics induced by alcohol injury in Holtzman rats. Methods: Analytical,experimental and prospective study. The population consisted of 56 male rats between 300 and350 g, distributed in three experimental phases: Pre-pilot phase PPP (6 rats), Pilot phase PP (10 rats),and Experimental phase EP (40 rats). In the pilot phase, 10 rats were subjected to damage with8.5% ethanol, which was given intragastrically. The dosage was calculated for 10 rats in two groups:the first with 7.5 mL/kg in 5 rats and the second with 8.5 mL/kg in 5 rats. The experimentalphase was performed in 40 rats divided into 6 groups, the negative control group (healthy), positivecontrol group (injured), preventive experimental group (glutamine and glutamine with probiotic)and regenerative experimental group (glutamine and glutamine with probiotic). At the end of eachphase, the rats were sacrificed with sodium pentobarbital (Halathal) and a portion of their stomachswas stored in formol. Results: The evaluation of stomach tissue samples (desquamation, erythema,hyperemia) showed that in the preventive phase, glutamine shows effectiveness in comparison toglutamine with probiotic. In the regenerative phase, glutamine and glutamine with probiotic didnot show significant differences. Conclusions: Glutamine and probiotics can potentially serve as atherapy for the treatment for gastritis
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Programa de salud reproductiva y concientización sobre anticoncepción en estudiantes de educación básica
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-15) Conopuma Leguía, Marilyn Lizet; Rivera-Lozada, Oriana; Núñez Lira, Luis Alberto
El propósito de esta investigación fue demostrar que el Programa de Salud Reproductiva incide en el nivel de conocimiento sobre métodos anticonceptivos en los estudiantes de quinto grado de secundaria de la Escuela de Aplicación de la Universidad Mayor de San Marcos, pues aprendieron más sobre las diferentes formas de control de la natalidad como resultado de participar en el programa de salud reproductiva. Metodológicamente, se empleó una investigación aplicada de tipo cuasiexperimental. El conocimiento antes y después de seguir el programa fueron evaluados mediante un test antes y después. Participaron en el estudio 54 estudiantes de quinto grado, de 16 a 17 años (26 en el grupo experimental y 28 en el grupo control). La fiabilidad del examen objetivo fue de 0,84, según KR-20, y se sometió a la opinión de expertos. La prueba de hipótesis arrojó 0,000, lo cual indica una alta efectividad del programa sobre los aprendizajes de los y las adolescentes. Debido al éxito de la iniciativa de Salud Reproductiva, se amplió la comprensión general de la anticoncepción.