Examinando por Autor "Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl"

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Características de las reacciones adversas de los medicamentos antineoplásicos en el servicio de oncología, del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen – EsSalud. Febrero–julio del 2015
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Villacorta Ñaupari, Carlos Martín; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The objective of this research was to determine the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with antineoplastic agents in the Oncology Service of the “Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen” National Hospital – EsSalud, during the period from February to July 2015. For this study, the antineoplastic drugs available at the Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital were considered. Methodology. A prospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Ninety-two patients diagnosed with cancer and undergoing chemotherapy who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed, of which ADRs were detected in 80 patients (87%). These cases were evaluated using the Peruvian Pharmacovigilance Algorithm. Results. The analysis was limited to the 80 patients with ADRs. Male patients presented the highest number of ADRs (70%); the age group of 56–67 years showed 45% of ADRs. The therapeutic subgroup of platinum derivatives accounted for 59% of the total ADRs identified. Nausea (31%) and vomiting (19%) were the most frequent ADRs, and the gastrointestinal system was the most affected (73%). Regarding causality, 77% of ADRs were classified as probable, requiring specific treatment. According to severity, 65% were moderate, and according to the Edwards–Aronson classification, 99% were type A.
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Comparación del efecto hipoglucemiante del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas Smallanthus Sonchifolius (Poepp) Rob “yacón“ frente a un extracto de libre comercio, en ratones hiperglucémicos
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Bello Sánchez, Vanessa Jaqueline; Inche Cabello, Jorge Alberto; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The hypoglycemic effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob. (“yacón”) leaves and of a commercially available extract was evaluated on blood glucose levels in male and female mice, both normoglycemic and with hyperglycemia induced by oral glucose overload and alloxan, in order to assess their possible hypoglycemic activity. Blood glucose measurements were taken after fasting at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours. The analysis of results showed that administration of the hydroalcoholic extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius leaves and of the commercial extract in normoglycemic mice did not produce a statistically significant decrease (p > 0.05) in blood glucose levels; only glibenclamide exhibited this effect at 24 hours. In hyperglycemic mice with oral glucose overload, a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in blood glucose levels was observed with administration of both extracts at 6 hours after the initial measurement. Similarly, in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic mice, a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05) in blood glucose levels was observed 6 hours after treatment. It is concluded that the extract of Smallanthus sonchifolius leaves and the commercial preparation exhibit hypoglycemic activity under induced hyperglycemia, but do not present hypoglycemic effects under normoglycemic conditions.
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Cumplimiento del manual de bioseguridad de manipulación de citostáticos en la unidad de quimioterapia de un hospital nacional febrero 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-05) Chumpitaz Cardenas, Evelyn Gabriela; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
This research evaluated compliance with the biosecurity manual for handling cytostatics in the chemotherapy unit of a National Hospital to reduce risk for healthcare personnel with constant occupational exposure. A high compliance (80.95%) with the Manual of Cytostatic Handling was found, with a fair compliance (19.05%). Additionally, compliance was evaluated in each phase of the handling process, resulting in high compliance regarding adequate equipment and infrastructure (85.71%), preparation (95.24%), and administration (95.24%) of cytostatic drugs. Fair compliance was found for occupational surveillance and control examinations for personnel (100%). The research method was descriptive, with a basic quantitative approach. The technique used was a survey, and the instrument was a questionnaire consisting of 86 items distributed across four research dimensions. Using the Likert scale, the necessary information was obtained, and the statistical processing and analysis were performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS 25) software.
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Detección precoz de la hipertensión arterial en la farmacia comunitaria
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-12) Jara Rodriguez, Juan Carlos; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The main objective of the present work and literature review is based on the detection of hidden hypertension and the subsequent follow-up of patients under active treatment for arterial hypertension. A total of 25 articles from tertiary sources were reviewed, focusing on the early detection of arterial hypertension in the community pharmacy setting. The analysis included aspects such as the updated definition, clinical importance, basic procedures, national and international regulations, and information regarding the academic preparation of pharmacists in the context of community pharmacy. The results related to early detection in community pharmacies indicate that studies and prevention manuals on arterial hypertension have been more developed and implemented at the international level. In contrast, at the national level, there is a lack of updated studies and related work on prevention and early detection in community pharmacy settings. The conclusions from the reviewed studies on early detection will facilitate better follow-up in prevention and procedures, providing more effective management of relevant information for the professional pharmacist.
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Determinación de los factores que conllevan a la automedicación con antibióticos en dos establecimientos farmacéuticos de una cadena de boticas, enero–abril, 2012
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2013) Páucar Huamali, Judith Erika; Segundo Huamán, Maribel Cristina; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The present work is a study related to the determination of the factors that lead to self-medication, which is a frequent activity among people. The objective is to determine the factors that generate the self-medication of antibiotics in two establishments of a pharmacy chain in the districts of La Molina and Breña (January–April, 2012), in a sample of 200 people between 20 and 65 years old, selected by non-probabilistic and convenience sampling. Many factors influence this practice, among which social factors stand out (mainly family members), with 22% in Breña. These provide an alternative solution to health problems based on personal experience. Another factor is previous prescriptions, with 27% in La Molina. Economic factors influencing self-medication include unemployment and low family income (20% in Breña, compared to 9% unemployment and 15% low income in La Molina). Cultural factors include the low educational level of people, especially housewives (43% in Breña) and professionals (31% in La Molina). It was also found that the district of Breña had a higher percentage of antibiotic dispensing without a medical prescription; in this regard, the female gender showed greater frequency (67%) compared to the district of La Molina (59%). The age group that demanded the most was between 26 and 35 years, with 46% in La Molina and 61% in Breña. Those without access to health services self-medicated, with a higher proportion among those who knew the therapeutic indications of the drugs used than among those who were unaware of their risks. The most frequent reasons for self-medication were respiratory infection (46% in La Molina and 49% in Breña), followed by urinary infection (28% in La Molina and 18% in Breña). The most frequently used antibiotics were azithromycin (26%) in La Molina and ciprofloxacin (23%) in Breña.
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Efecto analgésico del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Annona muricata (guanábana) en ratones albinos
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-18) Nieto Inca, Roxana Maribel; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The research was conducted on the species Annona muricata ("guanábana"), cultivated in the Ancash department. The Objective of this study was to determine the analgesic effect of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Annona muricata "guanábana" in albino mice. Method: The Hot Plate method was employed, using 25 male Mus musculus Balb C53 strain albino mice randomly distributed into five groups of five mice each: Group I (0.9% saline solution), Group II (diclofenac 10 mg/kg body weight), Group III (tramadol 10 mg/kg body weight), and Groups IV and V (ethanolic extracts at doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg) administered via orogastric gavage. The baseline latency time was measured before subjecting the animals to the thermal stimulus, which was evaluated every 30 minutes for 2 hours. Results: An analgesic effect was evidenced at doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg, but the greatest effect was reached with the 600 mg/kg dose at 90 minutes. An analgesic effect was also observed at 60 minutes, with both doses surpassing tramadol. Conclusion: It is concluded that the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Annona muricata "guanábana" has an analgesic effect in albino mice.
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Estudio de análisis de las interacciones medicamentosas potenciales según grupo etario en pacientes hospitalizados de trabajos de investigación realizadas en universidades peruanas
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-12) Arias Chavez, Carito Magalli; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
A drug interaction is defined as any modification that occurs in pharmacokinetics. Pharmacological interactions can be understood as quantitative or qualitative modifications or alterations of a drug’s effect. Beneficial interactions occur when an increase in therapeutic effectiveness is observed, while adverse interactions occur when therapeutic efficacy decreases, as in the case of quinidine, which reduces the analgesic effect of codeine. External interactions refer to physicochemical incompatibilities in intravenous administration mixtures, such as precipitation, whereas internal interactions occur in the gastrointestinal tract, in the liver, or at the drug’s site of action. According to their mechanism of production, drug interactions can be classified as pharmaceutical, pharmacodynamic, or pharmacokinetic. Pharmaceutical interactions involve physicochemical incompatibilities that prevent the mixing of two or more drugs in the same solution. Pharmacodynamic interactions are those in which one compound influences the effect of another at receptors or effector organs, or on subsequent molecular processes. Pharmacokinetic interactions occur when food modifies the normal pharmacokinetics of the drug, resulting in changes in its concentration in the body and, consequently, at its sites of action, which may affect therapeutic activity, often increasing it. These effects may be related to alterations in intestinal motility and gastric emptying. Changes in gastrointestinal motility can influence both the rate of absorption and the total amount of drug absorbed, which may ultimately be complete. Factors that affect drug response include both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms. Pharmacokinetic interactions may occur at any stage of drug absorption, distribution, biotransformation, or excretion, leading to an increase or decrease in the concentration at the site of action. Pharmacodynamic interactions are due to changes in the response of the effector organ, giving rise to phenomena such as synergy, antagonism, or potentiation. Such interactions may occur at the receptor level, manifesting as antagonism, hypersensitization, or desensitization.
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Evaluación de los antibacterianos más usados según los diagnósticos clínicos de los pacientes del servicio de unidad de cuidados intensivos de la Clínica Vesalio. Lima 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-05) Chuzón Paredes, Juan Elvis; Pipa Uchupe, Porfirio Marcial; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the most used antibacterial drugs according to the clinical diagnoses of patients in the Intensive Care Unit service of the Vesalio Clinic, Lima, 2020. METHOD: The method consisted of using a validated data collection form as an instrument, analyzing data of interest from each patient, such as treatments, diagnoses, comorbidities, complications, and reason for discharge, as recorded in the clinical records. Consumption of antibacterials per day for each patient was also tracked using the hospital pharmacy's own program. The research method was scientific-deductive with a non-experimental, descriptive, and retrospective design. RESULTS: The most used antibacterials in a total study population of 44 patients were Meropenem (24%), Ceftriaxone (16.5%), and Piperacillin/Tazobactam and Vancomycin (13.5% each). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that Carbapenems, Cephalosporins, Penicillins, and Glycopeptides were the most used groups of antibacterials in various clinical diagnoses such as Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI), Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Evaluación y análisis de las interacciones medicamentosas en prescripciones médicas atendidas a pacientes ambulatorios período enero–julio 2021: revisión sistemática
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-04) Cusipuma Lozano, Meylin Liset; Yslache Neyra, Lizbeth Thalia; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
A drug interaction occurs when the effect of a drug is altered by the administration of another, which can cause adverse reactions, putting the patient's health at risk. The objective of this research was to evaluate and analyze studies of drug interactions in medical prescriptions filled for outpatient patients. The study was basic, descriptive, with a retrospective and cross-sectional directionality. Data were collected from research published over the last 10 years on drug interactions in prescriptions for outpatient patients. The results were analyzed based on severity, type of interaction, type of documentary evidence, and frequency of interaction using a data collection form. Results: The predominant drug interactions by severity were moderate (62.4%). By type of documentary evidence, 'Good' predominated at 50.7%. By type of interaction, pharmacodynamic predominated at 53.6%, and by frequency, the most common was once (46%). Conclusion: It is important that a pharmacist be present in pharmaceutical establishments to detect possible drug interactions.
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Factores de riesgo de reacciones adversas medicamentosas en niños hospitalizados en neurocirugía Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño enero–mayo 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-12) Barrientos Mendoza, Elizabeth; Carranza Trujillo, Tatiana; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) are a clinical problem, and drug safety in the pediatric age group is not well-established. Objective: To determine the risk factors for ADRs in children hospitalized in the neurosurgery service of the National Institute of Child Health (INSN) from January to May 2021. Methodology: The design was observational, descriptive, retrospective. The population was 101 clinical records, from which 32 cases of ADRs were identified. Data were obtained using an expert-validated data collection form and analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: A prevalence of the female gender and the age groups of adolescents (41%) and infants (34%) was observed. Renal, cardiac, and hematological diseases were the main prevalent pathologies. Anticonvulsants (phenytoin), corticosteroids (Dexametasona), antimicrobials (Vancomycin), and antidiuretics (Desmopresina) are the therapeutic groups and drugs related to ADR risk factors in children hospitalized in the INSN neurosurgery unit. Probable ADRs predominated by causality (44%), moderate by severity (94%), and Type A or Augmented by ADR type (56%), mainly related to the previously described medications. Conclusion: The female sex, the adolescent and infant age groups, anticonvulsants, antimicrobials, and corticosteroids are the main risk factors associated with ADRs found in children hospitalized in the neurosurgery service of the National Institute of Child Health.
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Factores que contribuyen a la falta de adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 del Policlínico Fiori – Lima 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-13) Aguilar Quispe, Germán Manuel; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
Poor pharmacological adherence to treatment is a common and alarming global problem that hinders the improvement of chronic diseases. Correct adherence is the strategy that allows for significant changes in a patient's treatment and helps avoid complications. It is also crucial to recognize if patients with diabetes mellitus have concomitant diseases like depression and anxiety, as these can directly affect a patient's mental state, often leading to problems like forgetfulness or a lack of will to continue with treatment, thus decreasing adherence. The main objective of this research is to determine the association between the factors that contribute to a lack of therapeutic adherence in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at the Fiori Polyclinic in Lima, 2019. To carry out the research, a data collection instrument was developed and validated through expert judgment. Once data from the applied questionnaires are obtained, the information will be consolidated in an Excel spreadsheet and then processed using the statistical software SPSS version 23 to generate frequency and percentage distribution tables. The correlation between the associated factors and therapeutic adherence will be performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient.
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Identificación de problemas relacionados a los medicamentos de los tratamientos farmacológicos en los pacientes hospitalizados en la Clínica Internacional sede Lima (enero–marzo, 2016)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-02-18) Garcia Sánchez, Sayuri Lizbeth; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
Drug-related problems (DRPs) are a major concern due to their physical, psychological, and economic burden. The objective of this research was to identify the DRPs in the pharmacological treatments of patients hospitalized at the Clínica Internacional in Lima. The methodology involved a descriptive, observational, and retrospective study that included 265 pharmacotherapeutic follow-up forms from hospitalized patients from January to March 2016. These forms were reviewed for DRP evaluation. The results showed that a total of 241 DRPs were found. Safety DRPs had the highest incidence at 77%, with DRP6 representing 50% of these. Effectiveness DRPs accounted for 17%, and necessity DRPs for 6%. Actual DRPs were also identified at 11%. The most implicated pharmacological group was antibacterials (26%). In conclusion, 241 DRPs were identified, with safety DRPs having the highest incidence, followed by effectiveness and necessity DRPs. The most frequent reason for DRPs was quantitative medication insecurity due to drug interactions and alterations in the dosage, duration, or frequency of the patient's pharmacotherapeutic treatment.
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Identificación de problemas relacionados a los medicamentos en tratamientos farmacológicos de pacientes COVID, hospitalizados en Clínica Internacional sede Lima, abril–agosto, 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-05) Espíritu Hinostroza, Elí Eleizer; Gómez Ochante, Drisly Disan; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The objective of this study was to identify Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in the pharmacological treatments of hospitalized COVID patients at Clínica Internacional, Lima branch (April – August 2020). Methodology: The study was descriptive, analytical, and comparative. The research approach was deductive quantitative, the investigation was basic, and the design was non-experimental. Stratified random probabilistic sampling was performed, with each month representing a stratum. The sample consisted of 289 Pharmacotherapeutic Follow-up (PFU) forms for patients with COVID treatment, which were used for the evaluation of DRPs. Results: 95.2% of the PFU reports for hospitalized patients corresponded to potential DRPs. Regarding age and gender, the age range between 19 and 49 years presented DRPs at 31.8%, and the male gender at 70.2%. Furthermore, concerning DRP subtypes, 95.5% corresponded to safety DRPs. Regarding the therapeutic groups causing DRPs, the most frequent were antibiotics, which generated 91 DRPs in patients, representing 15.7% of the studied sample. Conclusions: The percentage of DRPs was identified through the PFU forms, with potential DRPs being the most prevalent. The age range that presented the most DRPs was 19–49 years, and the male gender presented a greater number of DRPs. The safety subtype had the highest percentage among the other subtypes. Additionally, the main therapeutic groups that cause DRPs are antibiotics, followed by antipsychotics.
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Identificación de problemas relacionados al medicamento potenciales en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de medicina interna Santo Toribio del Hospital Nacional Dos De Mayo (enero–junio 2018)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-01-30) Peseros Solis, Andrea Francisca Lidia; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The objective was to identify potential Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) in hospitalized patients in the Santo Toribio Internal Medicine service of the Dos de Mayo National Hospital. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study was conducted, which included 133 pharmacotherapeutic follow-up forms for hospitalized patients from January to June 2018. These forms were reviewed for DRP evaluation. Results: A total of 246 potential DRPs were identified, with a proportion of 2 per patient. Safety DRPs were the most prevalent at 68%, with DRP6 representing 50% of these. According to the ATC classification, the medications most involved in DRPs were from the Digestive system and metabolism (A) at 22%, followed by anti-infectives for systemic use (J) at 21%, and blood and blood-forming organs (B) at 20%. Conclusion: The most prevalent Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) were related to Safety, Effectiveness, and Necessity. The most frequent cause for DRPs was quantitative medication insecurity due to drug interactions and alterations in the dosage, duration, or frequency of administration of the patient's pharmacotherapeutic treatment.
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Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales asociados a polifarmacia en prescripciones de pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de la Clínica San Pablo, febrero–abril 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-04) Huayta Pillco, Fiorela; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
This research aimed to determine the relationship between polypharmacy and the presence of potential drug interactions by evaluating prescriptions for patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a local clinic. A descriptive, prospective, and correlational study was conducted, using a data collection form as the instrument. The Micromedex database was used to evaluate pharmacotherapy, and the Pearson's Chi-squared test and Spearman's Rho Correlation Coefficient were used for hypothesis testing. A total of 283 prescriptions were evaluated, with 51.9% containing 6 to 10 medications. The most common comorbidity was arterial hypertension (46.3%), and 57.6% of the patients were aged between 50 and 69. Regarding interaction frequency, 46.6% of prescriptions had 1 to 5 interactions, followed by 35.4% with 6 to 10 interactions. The most frequent therapeutic group involved was opioid analgesics (22.6%). The most predominant type of interaction was pharmacodynamic (66%), and 61.8% had a major severity level. Finally, it was determined that polypharmacy is significantly related to the presence of potential drug interactions.
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Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales en las prescripciones médicas de la unidad de cuidados intensivos de la Clínica Internacional sede Lima de enero a marzo de 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-07) Contreras Agustin, Kely Luz; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The objective of the present study was to identify the potential drug interactions in medical prescriptions of the Intensive Care Unit of the Clínica Internacional. The study was retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional, conducted between January and March 2018, considering the selection criteria. Uptodate®-Lexicomp® and Pearson’s correlation test were used. A total of 444 medical prescriptions were analyzed, of which 355 presented at least one interaction, yielding 1646 interactions. The most frequent were fentanyl + midazolam with 59 (3.6%). The most frequent pharmacological group was opioid analgesics with 371 (11.3%). The most frequent medications were fentanyl 236 (7.2%), phenytoin 208 (6.4%), risperidone 169 (5.2%), furosemide 162 (5%), and metoclopramide 155 (4.7%). According to the type of interaction, pharmacodynamic were 1135 (69%), pharmacokinetic 462 (28%), and of unknown origin 49 (3%). According to their risk rating category, 179 (11%), 1042 (63%), 296 (18%), and 129 (8%) corresponded to categories B, C, D, and X, respectively. According to the degree of severity, 436 (26.5%) were major, 1068 (64.9%) moderate, and 142 (8.6%) minor. The relationship between the number of prescribed medications and the number of potential drug interactions was evaluated, determining a significant high positive correlation coefficient.
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Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales en las prescripciones médicas de pacientes COVID-19 de la unidad de cuidados intensivos del hospital María Auxiliadora. marzo a diciembre 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-12) Camacho Camacho, Jorge Luis; Bartolo Ladera, Erica Jesusa; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The present research aims to identify "potential drug interactions in medical prescriptions attended in the Intensive Care Unit of COVID 19 patients of the María Auxiliadora hospital in the period. March to December 2020." The research is applied, retrospective, observational-cross-sectional. For this purpose, information was collected through medical prescriptions, the study population was made up of 1279 medical prescriptions, the analysis sample was 220 prescriptions at a 95% confidence level, where the data collection instrument was used included in four dimensions: Type of Interaction, Pharmacotherapeutic Group, Degree of Severity, Number of Interactions. Of the PMIs, a total of 870 were found; with respect to the type of interactions 568(65.3%) correspond to pharmacodynamics 250(28.7%) are pharmacokinetic and 52(6.0%) are unknown, corresponding to the pharmacotherapeutic group the most frequent was narcotic analgesics with 278(16.0%) of interactions followed by sedative-hypnotics with 258(14.8%), followed by antiulcer drugs with 144(8.3%), followed by neuromuscular blockers with 139(8.0%), followed by antipsychotics with 123(7.1%), followed by antiasthmatics 118(6.8%) followed by diuretics 93(5.3%), followed by corticosteroids with 75(4.3%). In terms of severity, we have moderate with 555 (64.0%), followed by high with 191 (22.0%), followed by the lowest with 124 (14.0%). Regarding the number of interactions per prescription, we have: with 1 interaction per prescription 17 (7.7%) with 2 interactions 13 (5.9%) with 3 interactions 35 (15.9%) with 4 interactions 37 (16.8%), with 5 interactions 24 (10.9%), finally, out of a total of 220 prescriptions, 33 (15.0%) did not present IMP and 187 (85.0%) presented IMP interactions.
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Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales en prescripciones médicas de pacientes ambulatorios del servicio de psiquiatría del Hospital III de Emergencias Grau EsSalud, periodo abril–noviembre del 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-06-22) Escarza Aquino, Katherine Hortensia; Salas Milla, Karina; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
Our study, "Potential Drug-Drug Interactions Frequently Present in the Psychiatry Service of the Hospital III de Emergencias Grau EsSalud, April – November 2017," had the Objective of determining the Potential Drug-Drug Interactions (PDDIs) present in medical prescriptions for outpatient psychiatry patients. Methodology: The study was retrospective, descriptive, and cross-sectional. A total of 632 medical prescriptions were analyzed. Results: 1,296 potential drug interactions were found. The most frequent PDDIs were: clonazepam–sertraline (8.7%), clonazepam–fluoxetine (4.0%), and biperiden–risperidone (3.9%). By mechanism, pharmacokinetic accounted for 30% and pharmacodynamic for 70%. By degree of severity, minor severity was 4.4%, moderate severity was 87.1%, and major severity was 8.5%. The most frequently implicated drugs in the PDDIs were: clonazepam (17.6%), sertraline (13.5%), and biperiden (8.6%). The most frequent diagnoses found were: mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (25.9%), paranoid schizophrenia (14.2%), and moderate depressive episode (11.4%). Conclusion: 66% of the population presented at least one potential drug interaction, and 34% presented no type of interaction in the psychiatry service of the Hospital III de Emergencias Grau-EsSalud.
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Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales y factores asociados en prescripciones médicas de pacientes del Hospital Hermilio Valdizan periodo 2019–2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-01-17) Gallardo Vivar, Kattya Zenaida; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The main objective of this study was to analyze Potential Drug-Drug Interactions (PDDIs) and associated factors in medical prescriptions for patients served at the Hermilio Valdizan Hospital pharmacy from 2019 to 2021. The methodology used a deductive approach, moving from general ideas to specific ones. It had a quantitative approach, with a basic research type, and a descriptive, non-experimental, retrospective, and cross-sectional design. The study population consisted of 73,810 medical prescriptions, from which a sample of 246 was extracted. Inclusion criteria considered prescriptions handled by the Hermilio Valdizan Hospital pharmacy. Data analysis was the study technique, and electronic devices using the platform https://drugs.com/drug_interactions.html were employed as the instrument for medical prescriptions. The variables studied were: number of interactions, severity, type of interaction, number of medications, age, and sex. Results demonstrated that 67.1% of the sample was female and 32.9% was male. Conclusion: 76.83% of the total sample presented pharmacodynamic PDDIs, while 23.17% had pharmacokinetic PDDIs.
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Interacciones medicamentosas potenciales y sus factores asociados en las prescripciones médicas de pacientes de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de Cardiopediatría del Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular – enero a diciembre 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-30) Condor Orneta, Ema; Valdivia Cojal, Nilbia; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The objective of this study was to identify potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) and their associated factors in medical prescriptions for patients in the Pediatric Cardiology Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the National Cardiovascular Institute. An observational-descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2019. The clinical records of 119 patients were reviewed for PDDIs using the IBM Micromedex® database. The frequency was determined, and the mechanism, onset, and severity were categorized. The medications and pharmacological groups present in the PDDIs were quantified, and associated factors were determined. A total of 1,207 medical prescriptions were analyzed, with at least one PDDI found in 118 patients and 1,128 prescriptions. A total of 7,652 PDDIs were identified, with the most frequent being furosemide-morphine (7.2%) and captopril-furosemide (6.5%). By mechanism, 5,948 were pharmacodynamic (77.3%), 932 were pharmacokinetic (12.6%), and 772 had an unknown mechanism (10.1%). By onset, 4,819 were unspecified (62.9%), 1,484 were rapid (19.4%), and 1,353 were delayed (17.7%). By severity, 4,111 were important (53.7%), 3,238 were moderate (42.3%), 177 were contraindicated (2.3%), and 126 were secondary (1.6%). The most frequent medication was furosemide (1,177 PDDIs, 15.4%), while the most frequent pharmacological group was opioids (1,403, 18.3%). An association was determined between the number of medications and hospital stay with the number of PDDIs. In conclusion, PDDIs were present in 99.2% of patients and 93.5% of medical prescriptions in the Pediatric Cardiology ICU, and they were associated with the number of medications and the length of hospital stay.