Examinando por Autor "Valladares-Garrido, Mario J."

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Association between Family Dysfunction and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in School Students during the Second COVID-19 Epidemic Wave in Peru
(MDPI, 2022-07-30) Fernandez-Canani, Maria A.; Burga-Cachay, Stefany C.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Although the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ mental health has been studied, there is still scarce evidence of the influence of nuclear family on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to determine the association between family dysfunction and PTSD in Peruvian high-school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a virtual survey administered to 562 high-school students in three schools in Chiclayo, Peru. The dependent variable was PTSD, which was measured with the Child PTSD Symptom Scale. Family dysfunction was the main independent variable, measured with the Family APGAR Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with generalized linear models. Most of the students were female (88.3%) and the average age was 14.4 years. We found that 21.4% showed severe family dysfunction and 60.3% had PTSD. Students with mild and moderate family dysfunction had 37% (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.14–1.65) and 26% (PR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04–1.54) higher PTSD prevalence, respectively. In conclusion, family dysfunction may influence the development of PTSD in adolescents. This study suggests the importance to develop a healthy family environment to help adolescents face critical situations experienced during the pandemic“
Acceso abierto
Association between Family Dysfunction and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in School Students during the Second COVID-19 Epidemic Wave in Peru
(MDPI, 2022-07-30) Fernandez-Canani, Maria A.; Burga-Cachay, Stefany C.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Although the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ mental health has been studied, there is still scarce evidence of the influence of nuclear family on the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aimed to determine the association between family dysfunction and PTSD in Peruvian high-school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a virtual survey administered to 562 high-school students in three schools in Chiclayo, Peru. The dependent variable was PTSD, which was measured with the Child PTSD Symptom Scale. Family dysfunction was the main independent variable, measured with the Family APGAR Questionnaire. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated with generalized linear models. Most of the students were female (88.3%) and the average age was 14.4 years. We found that 21.4% showed severe family dysfunction and 60.3% had PTSD. Students with mild and moderate family dysfunction had 37% (PR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.14–1.65) and 26% (PR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.04–1.54) higher PTSD prevalence, respectively. In conclusion, family dysfunction may influence the development of PTSD in adolescents. This study suggests the importance to develop a healthy family environment to help adolescents face critical situations experienced during the pandemic. “
Acceso abierto
Association between Working Time and Burnout Syndrome in Peruvian Military during the Second Epidemic Wave of COVID-19
(MDPI, 2022-10-20) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Zapata-Castro, Luis Eduardo; Picón-Reategui, Cinthia Karina; Mesta-Pintado, Ana Paula; Picón-Reategui, Ronald Alberto; Huaman-Garcia, Mariana; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Valladares-Garrido, Danai; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.
There is scant evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on burnout in front-line military personnel and how working time may influence on this condition. We aimed to determine the association between working time and Burnout syndrome in military personnel. A cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data among 576 military personnel from Lambayeque, Peru during the second wave of COVID-19 in 2021. We used the Maslach Burnout Inventory instrument to measure Burnout Syndrome. We evaluated its association with work time, measured as the number of months that the military member worked during the pandemic. The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 9%. Of the total sample, 39.1% and 10.3% presented depersonalization and emotional exhaustion, respectively. Military personnel working for more than 18 months had a 104% higher prevalence of Burnout syndrome (PR: 2.04, 95%CI: 1.02–4.10). Exposure to a prolonged work time during the pandemic increased the prevalence of Burnout syndrome in military personnel. This information helps to understand the potential effects of the pandemic on this population and provides insight into the time the military members would need rest to prevent Burnout syndrome.
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Clinical-epidemiologic variation in patients treated in the first and second wave of COVID-19 in Lambayeque, Peru: A cluster analysis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-07-18) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Soto-Becerra, Percy; Zeña-Ñañez, Sandra; Torres-Roman, J. Smith; Fernández-Mogollón, Jorge L.; Colchado-Palacios, Irina G.; Apolaya-Segura, Carlos E.; Dávila-Gonzales, Jhoni A.; Arce-Villalobos, Laura R.; Neciosup-Puican, Roxana del Pilar; Calvay-Requejo, Alexander G.; Maguiña, Jorge L.; Apolaya-Segura, Moisés; Díaz-Vélez, Cristian
“Objectives: To identify differences in the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic at the EsSalud Lambayeque health care network, Peru. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study of 53,912 patients enrolled during the first and second waves of COVID-19 was conducted. Cluster analysis based on clustering large applications (CLARA) was applied to clinical-epidemiologic data presented at the time of care. The two pandemic waves were compared using clinical-epidemiologic data from epidemiologic surveillance. Results: Cluster analysis identified four COVID-19 groups with a characteristic pattern. Cluster 1 included the largest number of participants in both waves, and the participants were predominantly female. Cluster 2 included patients with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and systemic symptoms. Cluster 3 was the “severe” cluster, characterized by older adults and patients with dyspnea or comorbidities (cardiovascular, diabetes, obesity). Cluster 4 included asymptomatic, pregnant, and less severe patients. We found differences in all clinical-epidemiologic characteristics according to the cluster to which they belonged. Conclusion: Using cluster analysis, we identified characteristic patterns in each group. Respiratory, gastrointestinal, dyspnea, anosmia, and ageusia symptoms were higher in the second COVID-19 wave than the first COVID-19 wave“
Acceso abierto
Clinical-epidemiologic variation in patients treated in the first and second wave of COVID-19 in Lambayeque, Peru: A cluster analysis
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022-07-18) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Soto-Becerra, Percy; Zeña-Ñañez, Sandra; Torres-Roman, J. Smith; Fernández-Mogollón, Jorge L.; Colchado-Palacios, Irina G.; Apolaya-Segura, Carlos E.; Dávila-Gonzales, Jhoni A.; Arce-Villalobos, Laura R.; Neciosup-Puican, Roxana del Pilar; Calvay-Requejo, Alexander G.; Maguiña, Jorge L.; Apolaya-Segura, Moisés; Díaz-Vélez, Cristian
“Objectives: To identify differences in the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic at the EsSalud Lambayeque health care network, Peru. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study of 53,912 patients enrolled during the first and second waves of COVID-19 was conducted. Cluster analysis based on clustering large applications (CLARA) was applied to clinical-epidemiologic data presented at the time of care. The two pandemic waves were compared using clinical-epidemiologic data from epidemiologic surveillance. Results: Cluster analysis identified four COVID-19 groups with a characteristic pattern. Cluster 1 included the largest number of participants in both waves, and the participants were predominantly female. Cluster 2 included patients with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and systemic symptoms. Cluster 3 was the “severe” cluster, characterized by older adults and patients with dyspnea or comorbidities (cardiovascular, diabetes, obesity). Cluster 4 included asymptomatic, pregnant, and less severe patients. We found differences in all clinical-epidemiologic characteristics according to the cluster to which they belonged. Conclusion: Using cluster analysis, we identified characteristic patterns in each group. Respiratory, gastrointestinal, dyspnea, anosmia, and ageusia symptoms were higher in the second COVID-19 wave than the first COVID-19 wave“
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Computer Visual Syndrome in Medical Students From a Private University in Paraguay: A Survey Study
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-07-14) Coronel Ocampos, Johanna Magali; Gomez, Jonathan; Gómez Servín, Lorenzo Alexis; Quiroga Castañeda, Pedro Pablo; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Purpose: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with computer vision syndrome in medical students at a private university in Paraguay. Methods: A survey study was conducted in 2021 in a sample of 228 medical students from the Universidad del Pacífico, Paraguay. The dependent variable was CVS, measured with the Computer Visual Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q). Its association with covariates (hours of daily use of notebook, smartphone, tablet and PC, taking breaks when using equipment, use of preventive visual measures, use of glasses, etc.) was examined. Results: The mean age was 22.3 years and 71.5% were women. CVS was present in 82.5% of participants. Higher prevalence of CVS was associated with wearing a framed lens (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.20). In contrast, taking a break when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced 7% (PR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87–0.99) and 6% (PR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99) the prevalence of CVS, respectively. Conclusion: Eight out of 10 students experienced CVS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of framed lenses increased the presence of CVS, while taking breaks when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced CVS.“
Acceso abierto
Computer Visual Syndrome in Medical Students From a Private University in Paraguay: A Survey Study
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2022-07-14) Coronel Ocampos, Johanna Magali; Gomez, Jonathan; Gómez Servín, Lorenzo Alexis; Quiroga Castañeda, Pedro Pablo; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Purpose: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with computer vision syndrome in medical students at a private university in Paraguay. Methods: A survey study was conducted in 2021 in a sample of 228 medical students from the Universidad del Pacífico, Paraguay. The dependent variable was CVS, measured with the Computer Visual Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q). Its association with covariates (hours of daily use of notebook, smartphone, tablet and PC, taking breaks when using equipment, use of preventive visual measures, use of glasses, etc.) was examined. Results: The mean age was 22.3 years and 71.5% were women. CVS was present in 82.5% of participants. Higher prevalence of CVS was associated with wearing a framed lens (PR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03–1.20). In contrast, taking a break when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced 7% (PR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.87–0.99) and 6% (PR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99) the prevalence of CVS, respectively. Conclusion: Eight out of 10 students experienced CVS during the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of framed lenses increased the presence of CVS, while taking breaks when using electronic equipment at least every 20 min and every 1 h reduced CVS.“
Acceso abierto
Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review
(MDPI, 2022-12-22) León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Barboza, Joshuan J.; Saldaña-Cumpa, Hortencia M.; Moreno-Ramos, Emilly; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Sah, Ranjit; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
Due to the rapid evolution of the monkeypox virus, the means by which the monkeypox virus is spread is subject to change. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the detection of the monkeypox virus according to the collection site of samples from confirmed monkeypox cases. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases until 5 October 2022. A total of 1022 articles were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicates (n = 566) and examining by title, abstract, and full text, 65 studies reporting monkeypox case reports were included with a detailed description of risk factors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), site of monkeypox virus-positive specimens, location of skin lesions, and diagnostic test. A total of 4537 confirmed monkeypox cases have been reported, of which 98.72% of the cases were male with a mean age of 36 years, 95.72% had a sexual behavior of being men who have sex with men, and 28.1% had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most frequent locations of lesions in patients diagnosed with monkeypox were: 42.85% on the genitalia and 37.1% in the perianal region. All confirmed monkeypox cases were diagnosed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the most frequent locations of samples collected for diagnosis that tested positive for monkeypox virus were: 91.85% from skin lesions, 20.81% from the oropharynx, 3.19% from blood, and 2.43% from seminal fluid. The disease course of the cases with monkeypox was asynchronous, with no severe complications, and most patients did not report specific treatment but simply followed a symptomatic treatment.
Acceso abierto
Detection of Monkeypox Virus according to The Collection Site of Samples from Confirmed Cases: A Systematic Review
(MDPI, 2022-12-22) León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Barboza, Joshuan J.; Saldaña-Cumpa, Hortencia M.; Moreno-Ramos, Emilly; Bonilla-Aldana, D. Katterine; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Sah, Ranjit; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
Due to the rapid evolution of the monkeypox virus, the means by which the monkeypox virus is spread is subject to change. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the detection of the monkeypox virus according to the collection site of samples from confirmed monkeypox cases. A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases until 5 October 2022. A total of 1022 articles were retrieved using the search strategy. After removing duplicates (n = 566) and examining by title, abstract, and full text, 65 studies reporting monkeypox case reports were included with a detailed description of risk factors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), site of monkeypox virus-positive specimens, location of skin lesions, and diagnostic test. A total of 4537 confirmed monkeypox cases have been reported, of which 98.72% of the cases were male with a mean age of 36 years, 95.72% had a sexual behavior of being men who have sex with men, and 28.1% had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The most frequent locations of lesions in patients diagnosed with monkeypox were: 42.85% on the genitalia and 37.1% in the perianal region. All confirmed monkeypox cases were diagnosed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the most frequent locations of samples collected for diagnosis that tested positive for monkeypox virus were: 91.85% from skin lesions, 20.81% from the oropharynx, 3.19% from blood, and 2.43% from seminal fluid. The disease course of the cases with monkeypox was asynchronous, with no severe complications, and most patients did not report specific treatment but simply followed a symptomatic treatment.
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Factores asociados a crisis convulsiva febril en niños peruanos
(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2022-07-22) Pantoja-Costa, Ivan M.; Quiñones-Tafur, Tracy Y.; Sosa-Flores, Jorge L.; Peralta,C. Ichiro; Zeña-Ñañez, Sandra; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Introducción: La convulsión febril es el trastorno neurológico más frecuente en la infancia y el más común en la práctica neurológica pediátrica. Tiene una etiología multifactorial. En el Perú existen estudios aislados que reportan similares factores de riesgo. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a convulsiones febriles en niños atendidos en el Hospital Regional Lambayeque, Perú. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en pacientes de 6 meses a 5 años en el servicio de consulta externa de Neuropediatría y emergencias, del 2015 al 2018 del Hospital Regional de Lambayeque. La muestra se constituyó por 32 casos y 32 controles emparejados 1:1 por sexo y edad. Se utilizó un cuestionario para recolectar información general, clasificación de las convulsiones febriles y posibles factores de riesgo. Se estimaron odds ratio crudos (ORc) y ajustados (ORa) mediante modelos de regresión logística simple y múltiple, respectivamente. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes que presentaron episodios de convulsión febril tuvieron 13-24 meses de edad (46,9 %). Se evidenció una menor probabilidad de convulsión febril en aquellos pacientes con comorbilidades congénitas (ORa: 0,17; IC 95 %: 0,03-0,93). Los pacientes que tenían diarrea aguda infecciosa (ORa: 8,16; IC 95 %: 1,37-48,55) e infección respiratoria aguda alta (ORa: 12,49; IC 95 %: 1,89-82,42) tenían una mayor probabilidad de convulsión febril. Conclusiones: Padecer de diarrea aguda infecciosa e infecciones respiratorias agudas altas aumentan la probabilidad de desarrollar convulsión febril. Por el contrario, tener una comorbilidad congénita reduce la probabilidad de esta condición.“
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Factores asociados a la capacidad científica-académica básica en estudiantes de medicina de Latinoamérica
(UNIV ANTIOQUIA, FAC MED, 2022-09-26) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Serrano, Felipe T.; Guarnizo-Llacsahuanga, Jose; Rivera-Pinto, Alix Ximena; Valladares-Garrido, Danai; Mejía, Christian R.
“Introducción: existe evidencia limitada en cuanto al entrenamiento estudiantil en capacidades científicas y académicas esenciales para la formación médica. Objetivo: identificar los factores asociados a la capacidad científica-académica básica en estudiantes de medicina de 11 países de Latinoamérica. Métodos: se hizo un estudio transversal de análisis de datos secundarios a través de un cuestionario autoadministrado en estudiantes de medicina de 11 países latinoamericanos. La variable dependiente fue la presencia de capacidad básica, definida como el autorreporte de capacitación y uso de al menos una de tres bases de datos (PubMed, SCOPUS, UpToDate), capacitación en búsqueda bibliográfica y lectura crítica, uso académico de al menos una de tres tecnologías de información (laptop, smartphone, tablet) y consulta a revistas científicas. Se estimaron razones de prevalencia (RP) utilizando modelos lineales generalizados multinivel de efectos mixtos (MEGLM). Se realizó un modelo anidado para evaluar la inclusión de covariables en el modelo parsimónico utilizando LRTest. Resultados: de 11.587 estudiantes, solo el 1,4 % presentó capacidad básica científica-académica. Los factores asociados de forma positiva fueron la procedencia de universidad privada (RP: 4,85, p < 0,001), estar afiliado a una sociedad científica estudiantil (SOCEM) (RP: 3,20, p < 0,001), pertenecer a grupos de investigación (RP: 2,97, p < 0,001) y ser parte de más de un grupo extracurricular (RP: 4,29, p = 0,012). Los factores asociados de forma negativa fueron proceder de Bolivia (RP: 0,05, p = 0,005), Argentina (RP: 0,06, p = 0,011) y Perú (RP: 0,14, p < 0,001). Conclusión: existe un pobre entrenamiento en capacidades científicas-académicas básicas en estudiantes de medicina. Proceder de universidad privada y estar afiliado a sociedades científicas o grupos afines se asoció a una mayor frecuencia de adquirir dichas herramientas.“
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Factores asociados a la satisfacción estudiantil con docentes, infraestructura e investigación en escuelas médicas latinoamericanas
(Editorial Ciencias Medicas, 2022-09-26) Mejía, Christian R.; Serrano, Felipe T.; Garcilazo-Silva, Paola A.; Sepúlveda, Aileen Ferran; Salguero-Sánche, Jefferson; Ricse-Mayhuasca, Mariela; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Introducción: La satisfacción estudiantil con los programas académicos es importante en la educación médica, para crear futuros galenos competentes. No hay estudios latinoamericanos multicéntricos que determinen sus factores asociados, pare mejorar el currículo médico. Objetivo: Determinar el porcentaje y factores asociados a la satisfacción estudiantil con docentes, infraestructura e investigación en 9 escuelas médicas latinoamericanas. Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo de datos secundarios obtenidos mediante cuestionario administrado a estudiantes de medicina de 9 universidades latinoamericanas; indagó variables socioeducativas y la satisfacción estudiantil respecto a docentes, infraestructura e investigación de las universidades. Para el análisis se usaron modelos lineales generalizados. Resultados: De 2 649 encuestados, 57 % eran mujeres con mediana de 22 años. Menos del 50 % estuvo satisfecho con infraestructura e investigación; solo frente a docencia hubo 66 % de satisfacción; Colombia fue el de mayor satisfacción con los docentes, con 82 % de encuestados satisfechos, mientras que Chile fue el país más satisfecho respecto a la infraestructura e investigación universitaria, con 67 % y 68 %, respectivamente. Estudiar en universidad privada se asoció a satisfacción con docentes (p= 0,002), infraestructura (p= 0,001) e investigación (p= 0,018), esta última mayor en mujeres (p= 0,033), pero menor en quienes sentían que les alcanzaba el dinero del mes (p= 0,001). Conclusiones: La satisfacción médico-estudiantil en universidades latinoamericanas tiende hacia la baja, están más satisfechos los de universidades privadas, tienen mayor satisfacción frente a la investigación las mujeres y menor quienes sienten que les alcanza el dinero hasta fin de mes.“
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Factors Associated with Knowledge of Evacuation Routes and Having an Emergency Backpack in Individuals Affected by a Major Earthquake in Piura, Peru
(MDPI, 2022-11-09) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Zapata-Castro, Luis E.; Valdiviezo-Morales, Christopher G.; García-Vicente, Abigaíl; León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Calle-Preciado, Raúl; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Díaz-Vélez, Cristian
Information on the prevention of earthquakes in Peru, a high-risk country, is still emerging. We determined the frequency and factors associated with knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks in people affected by a major earthquake. A cross-sectional study using secondary data was conducted from August–December 2021 on people that experienced the 6.1 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Piura, Peru on 30 July 2021. The outcome was self-reported knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks. The association with self-reported earthquake preparation training, use of sources of information on earthquakes, and sociodemographic variables was investigated. A total of 69.5% of participants knew evacuation routes, and 46.3% had an emergency backpack. A higher frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes was associated with previous training (PR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15–1.87), use of the media (PR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.06–1.72), having received information from the COEN (PR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02–1.40), and with a greater number of household members (PR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06). There is a high frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes among participants. However, basic notions of prevention culture are still needed. This research contributes to policy development on earthquake preparation at the community level.
Acceso abierto
Factors Associated with Knowledge of Evacuation Routes and Having an Emergency Backpack in Individuals Affected by a Major Earthquake in Piura, Peru
(MDPI, 2022-11-09) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Zapata-Castro, Luis E.; Valdiviezo-Morales, Christopher G.; García-Vicente, Abigaíl; León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Calle-Preciado, Raúl; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Díaz-Vélez, Cristian
Information on the prevention of earthquakes in Peru, a high-risk country, is still emerging. We determined the frequency and factors associated with knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks in people affected by a major earthquake. A cross-sectional study using secondary data was conducted from August–December 2021 on people that experienced the 6.1 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Piura, Peru on 30 July 2021. The outcome was self-reported knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks. The association with self-reported earthquake preparation training, use of sources of information on earthquakes, and sociodemographic variables was investigated. A total of 69.5% of participants knew evacuation routes, and 46.3% had an emergency backpack. A higher frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes was associated with previous training (PR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15–1.87), use of the media (PR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.06–1.72), having received information from the COEN (PR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02–1.40), and with a greater number of household members (PR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06). There is a high frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes among participants. However, basic notions of prevention culture are still needed. This research contributes to policy development on earthquake preparation at the community level.
Acceso abierto
Factors Associated with Knowledge of Evacuation Routes and Having an Emergency Backpack in Individuals Affected by a Major Earthquake in Piura, Peru
(MDPI, 2022-11-09) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Zapata-Castro, Luis E.; Valdiviezo-Morales, Christopher G.; García-Vicente, Abigaíl; León-Figueroa, Darwin A.; Calle-Preciado, Raúl; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Díaz-Vélez, Cristian
Information on the prevention of earthquakes in Peru, a high-risk country, is still emerging. We determined the frequency and factors associated with knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks in people affected by a major earthquake. A cross-sectional study using secondary data was conducted from August–December 2021 on people that experienced the 6.1 magnitude earthquake that occurred in Piura, Peru on 30 July 2021. The outcome was self-reported knowledge of evacuation routes and the use of emergency backpacks. The association with self-reported earthquake preparation training, use of sources of information on earthquakes, and sociodemographic variables was investigated. A total of 69.5% of participants knew evacuation routes, and 46.3% had an emergency backpack. A higher frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes was associated with previous training (PR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.15–1.87), use of the media (PR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.06–1.72), having received information from the COEN (PR: 1.19; 95% CI: 1.02–1.40), and with a greater number of household members (PR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.06). There is a high frequency of knowledge of evacuation routes among participants. However, basic notions of prevention culture are still needed. This research contributes to policy development on earthquake preparation at the community level.
Acceso abierto
Factors Associated with Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 from a Hospital in Northern Peru
(MDPI, 2023-03-23) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Vasquez-Elera, Luis E.; Valdiviezo-Morales, Christopher G.; Martinez-Rivera, Raisa N.; Cruz-Zapata, Annel L.; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Garcia-Peña, Elian; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Shyla; Davies, Neal M.; Yáñez, Jaime A.
We aimed to identify the factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 from the hospitalization service of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Piura, Peru, from May to June 2020. A prospective study was conducted in hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 through serological and/or molecular reactive testing. The dependent variable was death due to COVID-19, and the independent variables were the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patient. The chi-square test and the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test were used, with a significance level of 5%. Of 301 patients with COVID-19, the majority of them were male (66.1%), and the mean age was 58.63 years. Of the patients analyzed, 41.3% of them died, 40.2% of them were obese and 59.8% of them had hepatic steatosis. The three most frequent signs/symptoms were dyspnea (90.03%), fatigue (90.03%) and a cough (84.72%). Being an older adult (p = 0.011), being hospitalized in the ICU (p = 0.001), overweight (p = 0.016), obese (p = 0.021) and having compromised consciousness (p = 0.039) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.024) were associated with mortality due to COVID-19. Overall, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 41.3%. Having an older age, being hospitalized in the ICU, overweight, obese and having compromised consciousness and thrombocytopenia were positively associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19. These findings highlight the need to establish an adequate system of surveillance and epidemiological education in hospitals and communities in the event of new outbreaks, especially in rural and northern Peru.
Acceso abierto
Factors Associated with Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 from a Hospital in Northern Peru
(MDPI, 2023-02-23) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Alvarez-Risco, Aldo; Vasquez-Elera, Luis E.; Valdiviezo-Morales, Christopher G.; Martinez-Rivera, Raisa N.; Cruz-Zapata, Annel L.; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Garcia-Peña, Elian; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Shyla; Davies, Neal M.; Yáñez, Jaime A.
We aimed to identify the factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 from the hospitalization service of the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, Piura, Peru, from May to June 2020. A prospective study was conducted in hospitalized patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 through serological and/or molecular reactive testing. The dependent variable was death due to COVID-19, and the independent variables were the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patient. The chi-square test and the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test were used, with a significance level of 5%. Of 301 patients with COVID-19, the majority of them were male (66.1%), and the mean age was 58.63 years. Of the patients analyzed, 41.3% of them died, 40.2% of them were obese and 59.8% of them had hepatic steatosis. The three most frequent signs/symptoms were dyspnea (90.03%), fatigue (90.03%) and a cough (84.72%). Being an older adult (p = 0.011), being hospitalized in the ICU (p = 0.001), overweight (p = 0.016), obese (p = 0.021) and having compromised consciousness (p = 0.039) and thrombocytopenia (p = 0.024) were associated with mortality due to COVID-19. Overall, the mortality rate due to COVID-19 was 41.3%. Having an older age, being hospitalized in the ICU, overweight, obese and having compromised consciousness and thrombocytopenia were positively associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19. These findings highlight the need to establish an adequate system of surveillance and epidemiological education in hospitals and communities in the event of new outbreaks, especially in rural and northern Peru.
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“Factors Associated with Perceived Change in Weight, Physical Activity, and Food Consumption during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Latin America“
(MDPI, 2023-01-28) Mejia, Christian R.; Farfán, Bertha; Figueroa-Tarrillo, Jorge A.; Palomino, Kely; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, being female, having diabetes, obesity, and stress. When living in Paraguay and Mexico, being female, obesity, anxiety, and stress were associated with a higher perception of unhealthy food consumption. When living in Bolivia, women, obesity, and stress were associated with a higher perception of consuming larger food portions. In conclusion, the perceived changes in weight and lifestyle during the pandemic were more evident in women, people with comorbidities, and those with emotional distress. Differences in the perception of weight changes were minimal among Latin American countries. This information suggests the possible metabolic implications in at-risk individuals that should be further addressed by researchers for timely intervention. “
Acceso abierto
“Factors Associated with Perceived Change in Weight, Physical Activity, and Food Consumption during the COVID-19 Lockdown in Latin America“
(MDPI, 2023-01-28) Mejia, Christian R.; Farfán, Bertha; Figueroa-Tarrillo, Jorge A.; Palomino, Kely; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
“Quarantine and the restrictions necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic have generated problems in nutrition and physical condition around the world. We aimed to determine factors associated with changes in perceived weight and lifestyle factors during the COVID-19 quarantine in Latin America, conducting a cross-sectional study based on a survey administered in more than a dozen countries during June–August 2020. Perceptions of weight changes and alterations in other habits were investigated and were associated with social factors and self-reported diseases. Of 8800 respondents, the majority perceived that they had gained weight and had been less physically active. Being female, living in Bolivia, obesity, and stress were factors associated with a higher perception of weight gain. A higher perception of physical activity was also associated with living in Chile, being of older age, being female, having diabetes, obesity, and stress. When living in Paraguay and Mexico, being female, obesity, anxiety, and stress were associated with a higher perception of unhealthy food consumption. When living in Bolivia, women, obesity, and stress were associated with a higher perception of consuming larger food portions. In conclusion, the perceived changes in weight and lifestyle during the pandemic were more evident in women, people with comorbidities, and those with emotional distress. Differences in the perception of weight changes were minimal among Latin American countries. This information suggests the possible metabolic implications in at-risk individuals that should be further addressed by researchers for timely intervention. “
Acceso abierto
Factors associated with producing a scientific publication during medical training: evidence from a cross-sectional study of 40 medical schools in Latin America [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]
(F1000 Research Ltd, 2022-05-23) Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.; Mejia, Christian R.; Rojas-Alvarado, Annel B.; Araujo-Chumacero, Mary M.; Córdova-Agurto, Jhacksson S.; Fiestas, Jessica; Rojas-Vilar, Feeder J.; Culquichicón, Carlos
“Background: Scientific publication during medical training is key to promoting enduring cutting-edge knowledge. The promotion of science among medical students in Latin America is a multisectoral issue that is hampered by the lack of governmental knowledge to invest in national research, as well as by the lack of support from local universities. This study aims to determine the factors associated with the production of a scientific publication during medical training among Latin American medical students of local scientific societies. Methods: This is a secondary data analysis of a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 that assessed the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) among medical students from 40 local scientific societies of medical students affiliated with FELSOCEM. Teams from each local scientific society surveyed self-reported scientific publications and explored their association with socioeconomic, academic, and research training conditions. We applied nested models to identify the covariates associated with selfreported scientific publication, obtaining a parsimonious mixedeffects multilevel model grouped by medical scientific society. Results: Of 11,587 participants, the prevalence of scientific publications increased in 36% among medical students affiliated to a Scientific Society of Medical Students [parsimonious prevalence ratio (pPR)=1.36, 95%CI=1.16–1.59], 51% among medical students with advanced English proficiency [pPR=1.51, 95%CI=1.21 – 1.87], 85% among medical students who attended a scientific writing skills course [pPR=1.85, 95%CI=1.59–2.15], 81% among medical students who use Sci-Hub [pPR=1.81, 95%CI=1.50–2.20], and 108% among medical students who have access to a pirated academic account [pPR=2.08, 95%CI=1.83–2.36]. Conclusions: Producing a scientific publication among medical students is associated with being affiliated to a scientific society of medical students, English proficiency, training in scientific writing, use of Sci-Hub, and pirated academic accounts. The results will help clinical educators and medical programs improve resources for training students in high-quality research“