Examinando por Autor "Vega Aquino, Luis Martín"

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Identificación de problemas relacionados con los medicamentos en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de Medicina Interna: Julián Arce y San Andrés del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (junio–julio 2013)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2013) Quispe Hurtado, Virginia Milagros; Vega Aquino, Luis Martín; Herencia Torres, Victor Reynaldo
The National Hospital Dos de Mayo has five Internal Medicine Services. Patients admitted to these services usually present with acute and chronic pathologies, comorbidities, are of variable ages, and are often polymedicated. Many of these patients may develop Drug-Related Problems (DRPs) during treatment, which may be due to various causes such as subtherapeutic or toxic doses, adverse reactions, or drug interactions. These situations predispose patients to the occurrence of DRPs, which must be identified through validated methods, as they may affect the achievement of therapeutic goals, prolong hospital stays, increase morbidity, and raise the costs associated with treatment. The general objective of this study was to determine drug-related problems (DRPs) in hospitalized patients in the Internal Medicine Services Julián Arce and San Andrés of the National Hospital Dos de Mayo (June–July 2013). The specific objectives were to determine potential and actual DRPs in hospitalized patients in the aforementioned services; to describe actual DRPs related to need, effectiveness, and safety; and to identify the medications involved according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification. The study determined 164 (71%) actual DRPs and 67 (29%) potential DRPs. Among the actual DRPs, 50 (30.5%) were related to need, 49 (29.9%) to effectiveness—the lowest proportion—and 65 (39.6%) to safety, representing the highest proportion. In total, 151 medications were identified as being implicated in actual DRPs, with the most frequent therapeutic groups being systemic anti-infectives (29%) and cardiovascular therapy (27%). The findings highlight the importance of recognizing DRPs, defined as health problems understood as negative clinical outcomes derived from pharmacotherapy, which, caused by various factors, lead either to the failure to achieve therapeutic goals or to the occurrence of undesirable effects (Second Granada Consensus, 2002). In conclusion, the study established that actual DRPs predominate over potential ones, with safety-related DRPs being the most frequent. The large number of medications implicated, particularly systemic anti-infectives and cardiovascular drugs, underscores the need for closer monitoring. It is therefore recommended that medication reconciliation and patient education regarding medication use at the time of discharge be implemented, not only to develop the concept of pharmaceutical care but also to address a crucial need in hospitalized patients. Access to reliable and independent information sources, as well as critical evaluation of the literature on medicines, is essential to improve the quality of pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, particularly in relation to pharmaceutical interventions. Furthermore, pharmaceutical care should include interventions related to diet, physical activity, prevention of medication errors, and primary and secondary prevention through auxiliary diagnostic tests. Finally, the active participation of pharmacists in medical rounds fosters the recognition of their role within the healthcare team and encourages ongoing professional development, ensuring that pharmaceutical interventions are both timely and effective.