Examinando por Autor "Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo"

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Aporte de nutrientes y estado nutricional en los estudiantes de nivel primario beneficiarios del programa nacional de alimentación Qali Warma. Institución Educativa – Mariscal Cáceres – San Martin 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-04-11) Parco Vidalon, Gyordi Elvis; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrient intake and nutritional status of primary school students who benefit from the national school feeding program Qali Warma. The research followed a deductive method, classified as basic, with a non-experimental, observational, and descriptive design. A total of 138 students were evaluated between March and July 2023 using a structured data collection form divided into three parts: sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, place of origin, and health insurance), body mass index (height and weight), and hemoglobin levels. The results showed that the highest frequencies corresponded to inadequate nutrient intake, even though a high percentage of students presented normal values in both BMI and hemoglobin. In conclusion, nutrient intake was found to be closely related to the nutritional status of primary school students, underscoring the relevance of strengthening and monitoring national school feeding programs such as Qali Warma.
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Características clínicas de los recién nacidos de madres con COVID-19 que recibieron nutrición parenteral en un hospital II-E de Lima, abril 2020 a agosto de 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-05-05) Maravi Chinchay, Deysi; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The study was deductive with a quantitative approach, observational, descriptive, and retrospective design. The data collection technique was observational, and the instrument used was a data collection sheet with 10 items applied to thirty-seven medical records from Hospital II-E in Lima, from April 2020 to August 2021. Results: The most frequent gestational age at birth was between 28 and 31 weeks (48.6%); the birth weight between 1000 g and 1400 g was 54.1%; cesarean delivery accounted for 94.59%; the most frequent postnatal diagnosis was respiratory distress syndrome (76.7%). The PCR test for COVID-19 was negative in all newborns. A total of 91.9% of mothers did not have adequate prenatal care. The most frequent obstetric complication was respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia (51.4%). Conclusion: Pregnant women with COVID-19 experienced severe illness, inadequate prenatal care, and the majority ended their pregnancies via cesarean delivery. The most frequent morbidities in newborns were prematurity, low birth weight, and respiratory distress syndrome. Due to intrauterine growth restriction and gastrointestinal tract immaturity, the use of parenteral nutrition was common.
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Características clínicas en pacientes pediátricos grandes quemados que usaron nutrición parenteral en un instituto de salud nivel III-Lima. Periodo 2016-2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-10) Remon Palomino, Miriam; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The study focuses on pediatric patients with extensive burns (TBSA ≥20%) who received parenteral nutrition at a level III health institute in Lima between 2016 and 2021. Twenty-six patients were included, predominantly male (57.7%) and aged 1 to 5 years. Most patients had a total body surface area (TBSA) of 30% to 59%, with hospital stays ranging from 1 to more than 8 weeks. The main complications were sepsis (37.5%), inhalation injury and multiple organ failure (17.9%), and the mortality rate was 14.3%. Fire was the main etiological agent (53.8%). All patients received total parenteral nutrition, mostly administered via a central line using a 3-in-1 formulation. Nutrition-related complications were observed." parenteral, including metabolic and infectious problems. In conclusion, severe burns present a significant challenge in young children, requiring specialized management in pediatric intensive care units.
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Características del recién nacido relacionados a la duración de la nutrición parenteral en el hospital el Carmen Huancayo 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-26) Torres Ramos, Raysa Lizbeth; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The objective was to determine the relationship between the characteristics of the newborn and the duration of parenteral nutrition at El Carmen Hospital in Huancayo in 2022. The methodology was deductive, hypothetical, and quantitative, and the research type was basic. The research design was descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional. The population consisted of neonatal patients hospitalized in the neonatology service who received parenteral nutrition from July to December 2022. The sample comprised 80 patients. The results obtained were as follows: 53.5% were female and 47.5% were male. Regarding birth weight, 46.25% had very low birth weight (1000g to 1499g). Regarding gestational age, 43.75% were very premature (28 to 32 weeks). Regarding pathologies, 42.5% presented with hyaline membrane disease, followed by other pathologies at 48.8%. Regarding the duration of parenteral nutrition, the average was 8.96 days, with a maximum of 38 days and a minimum of 1 day. After statistical analysis, it was concluded that the characteristics of the newborn evaluated in this study were not related to the duration of parenteral nutrition at El Carmen Hospital in Huancayo in 2022.
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Complicaciones del soporte nutricional enteral en recién nacidos prematuros de la unidad de neonatología Hospital II Lima Norte Callao Luis Negreiros Vega, Callao 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-05) Calderón Molero, Sandra Norka; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The present research titled “Complications of enteral nutritional support in premature newborns in the Neonatology Unit of Hospital II Lima Norte Callao Luis Negreiros Vega, Callao 2022”. Objective: To determine the complications of enteral nutritional support in premature newborns. Basic research, cross-sectional, hypothetical-deductive, quantitative. Sample: 169; Instrument: data collection checklist. Results:50.3% were male and 49.7% female. 58% weighed 2500 g or more, 39.1% had low birth weight (1500–2499 g). 85.2% were between 34 and 36 weeks of gestational age; 14.2% were between 32 and 34 weeks. 82.8% received mixed nutrition, 13.6% received breast milk, and 3.6% received infant formula. 100% did not present mechanical complications. 99.4% did not present metabolic complications. 100% did not present infectious complications. 85.8% did not present gastrointestinal complications; 11.2% had diarrhea, 2.4% abdominal distension, and 0.6% nausea. Conclusions: The majority were male, weighed 2500 g or more, were between 34 and 36 weeks, and received mixed nutrition. 100% had no mechanical or infectious complications. 99.4% had no metabolic complications. 85.8% had no gastrointestinal complications. Most did not present metabolic or gastrointestinal complications.
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Complicaciones metabólicas y hepáticas en recién nacidos quirúrgicos que reciben nutrición parenteral en la unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal. Instituto Pediátrico Especializado – Lima 2021–2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-19) Gil Galarza, Ivett Connie; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Method: This was a quantitative, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study. Results: A total of 56 newborns who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Of these, 55.4% (31/56) were female; 60.7% (34/56) weighed 2500 grams or more; and 73.2% (41/56) were full-term (gestational age ≥37 weeks). The most frequent conditions requiring parenteral nutrition (PN) were congenital heart disease (23.2%), anorectal malformation (21.4%), esophageal atresia (19.6%), and intestinal atresia (12.5%). Complications occurred in 67.9% (38/56) of patients, with some experiencing more than one. The most common metabolic complications were hypophosphatemia (35.5%), hypertriglyceridemia (30.1%), hyponatremia (12.3%), and hyperkalemia (11.0%). Liver disease developed in 34.6% (9/26) of patients who received PN for more than 14 days. Conclusion: Among newborns with surgical conditions receiving PN, 67.9% experienced metabolic and/or hepatic complications. The most frequent metabolic complications were hypophosphatemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyponatremia. Cholestasis was observed in 34.6% of patients.
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Controles rutinarios de nutriciones parenterales elaborados en la Unidad de Mezclas de Nutrición Parenteral del Hospital María Auxiliadora de Lima, octubre–noviembre 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-05-05) Valencia Cochachi, Abigail; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Objective: To identify errors in the preparation of parenteral nutrition through routine controls. Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive study conducted during October and November 2022. The parenteral nutrition solutions were weighed, and their pH was measured. The theoretical weight was calculated based on the density and volume of each medication, with the acceptable percentage error for gravimetric accuracy being ±5% for preparations (≥300 ml) and ±3% for preparations (<300 ml). The medication control was conducted by comparing production sheets with medication consumption sheets. Results: A total of 384 parenteral nutrition solutions were analyzed, and 15 (3.9%) had gravimetric errors outside the acceptable range. Among the 221 preparations <300 ml, 11 (5.0%) were incorrect; and among the 163 preparations ≥300 ml, 4 (2.5%) were incorrect. All parenteral nutrition solutions had a pH within the acceptable range. In the medication control, 15 errors (1.3%) were detected: adding more volume of a medication in 7 cases (46.7%), adding less volume in 5 cases (33.3%), and using the wrong product in 3 cases (20%). Conclusions: Preparation errors were identified through routine controls, preventing them from being administered to patients. The most frequent gravimetric error occurred in preparations with a volume <300 ml, and all parenteral nutrition solutions had an appropriate pH.
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Déficit de aporte nutricional determinado por el volumen no infundido de la nutrición parenteral y su relación con el estado nutricional en pacientes con nutrición parenteral. Hospital María Auxiliadora, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-12) Dueñas Peralta, Ruth Angélica; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Hospital wards often present patients with highly heterogeneous pathophysiological conditions due to their stress state, which places many at risk of increased morbidity and mortality. Adequate nutritional support is therefore particularly important in critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nutritional deficit, measured by the non-infused volume of parenteral nutrition, and the nutritional status of patients receiving parenteral nutrition at María Auxiliadora Hospital. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index, lymphocyte count, and albumin levels. The research was observational, descriptive, correlational, longitudinal, and retrospective, conducted between October 2022 and April 2023. The study population consisted of adult patients receiving parenteral nutrition according to selection criteria. The findings demonstrated a significant relationship between the nutritional deficit, determined by the non-infused volume of parenteral nutrition, and albumin levels, lymphocyte count, and body mass index, confirming the association with the nutritional status of patients under parenteral nutrition.
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Estado nutricional al ingreso y su relación con la morbimortalidad y la estancia hospitalaria en pacientes de la unidad de cuidados intensivos. Hospital Nacional categoría III-1, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-03) Sáenz Naupari, Lorena Mirella; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status at admission and morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay in patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a Category III-1 National Hospital, Lima, 2023. This was a prospective, observational, descriptive study with correlational characteristics. Medical records of critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a Category III-1 National Hospital were studied between February and May of 2023. Data were collected using a validated instrument and coded using SPSS software. Spearman's rho correlation test was used for hypothesis testing. A statistically significant relationship was found between nutritional status and mortality, morbidity, and length of hospital stay in the biochemical parameter of albumin level, with a p-value < 0.05. This relationship was not observed in the hematological parameter of hemoglobin level." which presents a p-value > 0.05. It was concluded that there is a significant relationship between nutritional status at admission and morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay in patients in the Intensive Care Unit of a Category III-1 National Hospital, Lima 2023.
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Estado nutricional de pacientes con cáncer de cuello uterino en tratamiento de quimioterapia del Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas del Centro Junín 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-19) Gutarra Quispe, Maria Del Pilar; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
This study aimed to determine the nutritional status of cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases of the Center. An inductive, non-experimental, descriptive, retrospective, and cross-sectional design was applied, including all 51 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer, treated in both outpatient and inpatient services. Data were collected through documentary analysis of medical records. The results indicated that all patients were female, with the majority aged between 20 and 59 years (62.75%). Most patients had a secondary educational level (54.9%) and belonged to a low socioeconomic status (58.82%). Regarding treatment, 50.9% received a CISPLATIN regimen, while 49.1% were treated with PACLITAXEL/CARBOPLATIN. Chemotherapy treatment was associated with body changes, particularly weight loss. Among the patients, 31.4% had moderate malnutrition, 27.5% had severe malnutrition, and others showed weight loss without nutritional risk. Based on weight loss percentage and BMI, moderate malnutrition was confirmed in at least one case. In conclusion, weight loss among cervical cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy was most frequently consistent with moderate malnutrition (5–10%) on average in the studied group.
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Estado nutricional en pacientes con cáncer gástrico con tratamiento de quimioterapia en el Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas IREN Centro – Concepción 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-05) Campodónico Matias, Patricia Aurora; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
In patients with gastric cancer, nutritional status plays a very important role in achieving treatment tolerance and, above all, completing the therapy. For this reason, the objective of this study was: To determine the nutritional status of patients with gastric cancer undergoing chemotherapy at the Regional Institute of Neoplastic Diseases (IREN – Centro), Concepción, 2022. The methodology used was inductive, with a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective design. Information was collected from 30 medical records of patients who met the inclusion criteria. Results: 53.34% were female and 46.66% male. The most frequent age range was 58 to 68 years (36.67%). Stage IV was the most common (60%). 96.67% were covered by SIS (Integral Health Insurance). The most frequent education level was secondary (43.33%), and 66.67% had a complete diet. According to BMI, nutritional status was: moderate malnutrition (10%), mild malnutrition (3.3%), normal (73.3%), and overweight (13.3%). Regarding weight variation, 4.3% had good nutritional status, 23.3% moderate malnutrition, and 33.3% severe malnutrition, with a high level of nutritional risk. Regarding chemotherapy type: 20% received Folfox 6, 6.67% Folfiri, and 6.67% Flot. Conclusion: 73.3% had a normal nutritional status according to BMI. 43.3% had good nutritional status based on weight variation after the third chemotherapy session, and 33.34% presented severe malnutrition, with 20% of them receiving the Folfox 6 regimen.
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Estado nutricional y su relación con los tipos de depresión en pacientes que acuden al centro de salud mental comunitario de San Juan Bautista. Ayacucho 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-03) Ramos Vallejo, Mariela Concepción; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Nutritional assessment allows us to expand our understanding of the quality and quantity of food the body needs. Anthropometric parameters such as Body Mass Index (BMI), albumin, and hemoglobin levels are important tools used to evaluate nutritional status in patients with various chronic diseases, both physical and mental. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and types of depression in patients attending the San Juan Bautista Community Mental Health Center in Ayacucho, 2023. The methodology employed was deductive-hypothetical, quantitative, basic, non-experimental, and descriptive-correlational cross-sectional, reviewing 61 medical records of patients diagnosed with different types of mental depression. The results showed that moderate depressive episodes were the most frequent, with a normal BMI and a level of Mild malnutrition was observed with respect to albumin levels, and mild anemia with respect to hemoglobin levels, with percentages of 34.4%, 37.7%, and 37.7%, respectively. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was used to analyze the data, revealing a relationship between the analyzed variables, with a p-value < 0.05. It is concluded that a relationship exists between the analyzed variables, with a p-value < 0.05.
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Evaluación nutricional en pacientes con aislamiento domiciliario infectados con SARS-CoV-2 atendidos en un hospital de nivel II-1 de la provincia de Junín – 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-21) Melo Huaman, Carlos Enrique; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Introduction: Knowledge of the nutritional status of patients at admission to home isolation by SARS-CoV-2 and the early detection of patients at nutritional risk, is important to take a timely therapeutic attitude and avoid the consequences related to malnutrition. Objective: To determine the nutritional status of patients with home isolation infected with SARS-CoV-2 treated in a level II-1 hospital in the province of Junín 2021. Methodology: Quantitative and applied deductive research describes the clinical characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 in home isolation. Results: Of the total patients studied, 56% were male and 44% female; the age group of 36 years to 50 years represents the highest percentage with 34% and patients > 66 years the lowest percentage with 12% of the total. According to the BMI, patients presented normal nutritional status and overweight in 58% and 34% respectively. Regarding the level of albumin, 90% had normal albumin levels and only 10% had low albumin. Regarding the lymphocyte level, 96% presented normal levels and only 4% had low levels. Conclusions: Patients with SARS-CoV-2 in home confinement, most presented a normal nutritional status and only a small percentage were malnourished, as demonstrated by BMI, albumin levels and lymphocytes. According to the BMI, a significant percentage (34%) were overweight.
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Factores asociados a complicaciones del uso de nutrición parenteral en recién nacidos prematuros del Hospital El Carmen Huancayo 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-19) Huayllani Meza, Jessica; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Objective: To identify the factors associated with complications from the use of parenteral nutrition in premature patients at Hospital El Carmen, Huancayo, 2022. Methodology: This was a qualitative, deductive, basic, non-experimental, descriptive, and correlational study. Data were collected from the medical records of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Among the 38 premature newborns, 39.5% presented mechanical complications, 34.2% metabolic complications, and 26.3% infectious complications. Among the related factors, 52.6% had a gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks, 57.9% were male, 47.4% had low birth weight, and 59% of patients who received parenteral nutrition for more than 14 days developed more complications. Conclusion: The most prevalent type of complication in premature newborns was mechanical, accounting for 39.5%, with catheter obstruction being the most frequent specific issue (46.7%). The main factors associated with a higher frequency of complications were birth weight, duration of administration (>14 days), gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks (very premature), and peripheral administration route.
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Factores relacionados con la ganancia de peso en los neonatos prematuros menores de 32 semanas que recibieron nutrición parenteral – Hospital Regional de Ayacucho Miguel Ángel Mariscal Llerena 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-19) Huamancusi Sarmiento, Fujita Qori Urpi; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Methodology: The study was carried out using the inductive method, with a quantitative approach, and was non-experimental, observational, descriptive, and correlational with a cross-sectional design. It included 62 patients under 32 weeks of gestational age, admitted to the UCIN I and UCIN II neonatal units of the Regional Hospital of Ayacucho between July and December 2022, who received parenteral nutrition (PN). Results: The study population consisted of 62 patients, 58.06% female and 41.94% male. The average birth weight was 1336.26±51.61 g (minimum: 690 g; maximum: 2220 g), of which 46.77% had very low birth weight (1000–1500 g), 19.35% extremely low birth weight (<1000 g), and 33.87% low birth weight (1500–2500 g). Regarding gestational age, 67.74% were classified as extremely preterm (28–32 weeks), and 32.26% as below 28 weeks. The most commonly used type of assisted nutrition was mixed feeding (PN + breast milk and/or formula) in 98.39% of cases, while PN alone was applied in 1.61%. The most frequent time of initiation of PN was at 24 hours (51.61%), followed by 72 hours (25.81%) and 48 hours (22.58%). The average weight at the end of PN was 1476.97±49.66 g (minimum: 818 g; maximum: 2940 g), with only 83.33% of patients showing weight gain by the end of PN. The average daily weight gain was 3.91±2.35 g/d. Birth weight, gestational age, type of PN, and time of PN initiation were not related to weight gain. Conclusion: Among the evaluated factors, none showed a significant relationship with weight gain.
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Hipofosfatemia en pacientes pediátricos con enteritis neutropénica post quimioterapia y nutrición parenteral en un instituto de enfermedades neoplásicas de Lima, enero 2019 a enero 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-05-29) Llenque Sánchez, Delia Luz; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Introducción: La hipofosfatemia es una complicación metabólica que es más frecuente en los pacientes hospitalizados, su prevalencia es del 3% en hospitalización, de los cuales el 70% están en unidad de cuidados intensivos recibiendo nutrición parenteral total. La hipofosfatemia puede aparecer en pacientes malnutridos, como complicación de la nutrición enteral o parenteral. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la hipofosfatemia en pacientes pediátricos con enteritis neutropénica post quimioterapia y nutrición parenteral en un instituto de enfermedades neoplásicas de Lima, enero 2019 a enero 2021. Metodología: Es un estudio descriptivo, observacional, transversal, retrospectivo. Resultados: La prevalencia de hipofosfatemia fue de 45 pacientes, 35 presentaron hipofosfatemia representando un 77,8%, los pacientes que no presentaron hipofosfatemia fueron 10 que representaron 22,2%.Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la hipofosfatemia en pacientes pediátricos con enteritis neutropénica post quimioterapia con nutrición parenteral fue de 77,8% (35 de 45).
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Implementación de una unidad de mezclas de nutrición parenteral y beneficios en pacientes adultos críticos de un hospital nivel III de Huancayo de enero 2018 a enero 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-21) Molina Ortiz, Angela Rocio; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Objective: To determine the benefits of implementing the parenteral nutrition support unit in critically ill patients at a Level III Hospital in the city of Huancayo from January 2018 to January 2021. Methodology: This is a descriptive, comparative study. Data collection was based on medical records extracted from the pharmacy department's information system and the statistics department. The Student's t-test and chi-square test were used. Results: Before implementing the nutritional support unit, 29.8% of patients remained hospitalized for more than 22 days, which decreased to 9.5% after implementation. The percentage of patients with a BMI lower than 18.5% upon discharge dropped from 56.7% before the implementation to 17.9% afterward. The albumin level at discharge increased from 2.4 mg/dl to 3 mg/dl before and after the implementation of the nutritional support unit, a difference that was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Additionally, post-implementation, wound infections decreased from 19.3% to 7.4%, pressure ulcers from 11.7% to 6.3%, and mortality from 17.5% to 7.4%. Conclusions: It was determined that implementing the nutritional support unit is beneficial for critically ill patients in the Intensive Care Unit.
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Indicaciones más frecuentes del uso de nutrición enteral en pacientes COVID-19 atendidos en un hospital de nivel II Villa El Salvador. Enero–junio 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-10-03) Cabrera Palomino, Lucy; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
This study aimed to identify the main indications for enteral nutrition in COVID-19 patients treated at a level II hospital in Villa El Salvador between January and June 2021. A quantitative, non-experimental, observational, and retrospective methodology was used. The sample included 194 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, selected by simple random sampling. The results revealed that protein-energy malnutrition was the predominant indication for enteral nutrition, present in 77.3% of cases. The most represented age group was 51 years or older (45.4%), and 44.3% of the patients were self-employed. Furthermore, the majority of patients who received enteral nutrition were in the Adult COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (62.4%). In the 18-30 year age group, 80% presented with protein-energy malnutrition. Regarding the formulas used, a preference was observed for isotonic liquid formulas with protein, used in 63.4% of cases, followed by modular liquid protein formulas (27.8%). In conclusion, the main indication for the use of enteral nutrition was protein-energy malnutrition, with a marked preference for protein-enriched liquid formulas.
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Malnutrición asociada a complicaciones obstétricas y perinatales en gestantes del centro de salud el Faique – Piura, periodo 2020-2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-05) Alderete Campos, Jesennia Milagros; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
The purpose of this study was to determine the association between nutritional status and obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women at the El Faique Health Center in Piura. The research method was inductive, with a quantitative approach, and was basic in nature. Its design was observational, correlational, and descriptive, with a cross-sectional approach, retrospective level, and descriptive scope. The sample for this research consisted of 146 pregnant women who attended the El Faique Health Center in Piura during the period 2020–2022. Documentary analysis was used, with a data collection form based on medical records. Therefore, informed consent was not required. The results indicated that the most frequent values in the study within nutritional status were overweight and high gestational weight gain." 43.2% and 67.8% respectively, within the obstetric complications, the following factors were present: no anemia, presence of UTI, presence of vaginal discharge syndrome, absence of preeclampsia, having had more than 6 prenatal checkups, non-premature delivery, vaginal delivery, and absence of postpartum hemorrhage. These factors presented the highest percentages, with 80.1%, 51.4%, 52.1%, 97.3%, 70.5%, 83.6%, 79.5%, and 95.9% respectively, within the perinatal complications. The majority of these cases occurred at term with respect to gestational age, and the baby had a normal birth weight, with 83.6% and 81.5% respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that there is an association between malnutrition and obstetric complications, but not with perinatal complications perinatal outcomes in pregnant women at the El Faique Health Center – Piura 2020 – 2022.
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Nutrición enteral temprana y disfunción multiorgánica en pacientes críticos en la unidad de cuidados intensivos del Hospital Regional Docente de Cajamarca. Noviembre 2022 a abril 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-12) Cerna Aldave, Magdalena Nohemi; Velásquez Acosta, Pablo Máximo
Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) provides the necessary nutrients to reduce multiple organ dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the extent to which early enteral nutrition decreases multiple organ dysfunction in critically ill patients at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Cajamarca, during the period from November 2022 to April 2023. A total of 112 medical records were evaluated, and the association between early enteral nutrition and organ dysfunction was analyzed using the Chi-square test. The findings showed that 21.65% of patients entered with multiple organ dysfunction, with no reduction after 24 hours. After 48 hours, 17.53% continued without reduction, and after 72 hours, 16.49% still presented dysfunction. In contrast, 28.9% of the patients who received early enteral nutrition did show a reduction in organ dysfunction. The Chi-square test result was p = 1.000, which is greater than 0.05. In conclusion, early enteral nutrition contributes to reducing multiple organ dysfunction in critically ill ICU patients, although the statistical analysis with Chi-square showed a value of p > 0.05.