Examinando por Materia "Anamnesis"

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Acceso abierto
Factores de riesgo del cáncer gástrico en población adulta
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Callacna Silva, Miriam del Pilar; Deza Arana, María Sabina; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Metodología: Es una revisión sistemática de 10 artículos, procedentes el 30% de Colombia, 20% de Perú, México y Ecuador respectivamente y el 10% de Panamá. La mayoría de artículos son estudios casos y controles con un 70% y el 30% de estudios transversales. Estos artículos fueron obtenidos en las bases de datos Pubmed y scielo. Resultados: los 10 artículos revisados, muestran que los factores de riesgo del cáncer gástrico son: 40% la sal, 30% consumo de alcohol 20% tener antecedentes familiares, el no emplear una adecuada refrigeración para la conservación de las comidas y el bajo nivel de educación, así como alimentos expuestos al humo, cocinar con leña, consumir alimentos recalentados, bajo consumo de frutas y verduras y tabaco respectivamente. Y 10% los hábitos alimenticios inadecuados, la inactividad física y el sedentarismo, estrés, hábitos farmacológicos, así como el bajo nivel socio económico, tener más de 50 años, tener el H. Pylori, el consumo de carnes rojas de cerdo y embutidos más de 3 veces por semana y ser de sexo femenino. Conclusión: El alto consumo de sal, así como el alcohol constituye el 70% de factores de riesgo del cáncer gástrico.
Acceso abierto
Prevalencia de hiperglucemia y factores de riesgo en habitantes de “la agrupación de pobladores las terrazas” distrito de Lurín, Lima-Perú, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-09-27) Inca Tacsi, Luz Karina; Larico Yto, Edson Washington; Moscoso Mujica, Gladys Angélica
The prevalence of hyperglycemia and its associated factors has been a persistent concern in the field of public health on a global scale. For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the relationship between the prevalence of hyperglycemia and risk factors in the inhabitants of the Las Terrazas community in the Lurín district. Methodology: hypothetical-deductive method, quantitative approach, basic type, non-experimental design, cross-sectional and correlational level, survey technique, and questionnaire instrument applied to 108 people. Results: The majority age group was 18 to 29 years old (42.6%), with women predominating at 73.1%. Furthermore, the relationship between the prevalence of hyperglycemia and sociodemographic factors showed that the majority of the population earns minimum wage (54.6%) and is composed of women." 73.1% and showed no positive relationship. In the relationship between the prevalence of hyperglycemia and comorbidities such as hypertension, significant (40%) and positive associations were shown (x2 = 8.120, p = 0.004), and obesity showed a significant (42.9%) and positive association (x2 = 13.715, p = 0.000); however, diabetic retinopathy, kidney disease (nephropathy), and diabetic neuropathy showed a very low frequency, less than 7%, and showed no positive or significant relationship. In the relationship between the prevalence of hyperglycemia and lifestyle, it was shown that the population is non-smoking (90.7%), does not exercise (63%), and their main diet consists of carbohydrates, sweetened processed beverages, processed foods, and fried foods, and showed no positive or significant relationship; however, the Habits such as the consumption of alcoholic beverages showed a certain tendency toward hyperglycemia approaching significance (p=0.091). The relationship between hyperglycemia and family history did not show a positive or significant relationship. The relationship between the prevalence of hyperglycemia and anthropometric measurements showed a normal BMI in 38%, followed by overweight in 36.1%, with a waist circumference at risk in 54.6%, which did not show a positive or significant relationship. However, some differences were observed between hyperglycemia, overweight, and waist circumference with low p-values. Therefore, the null hypothesis (H0) of specific hypotheses 1, 3, 4, and 5 was confirmed because the study population did not present hyperglycemia, with normal blood glucose values ≤ 99 mg/dL representing 92.6% of the population. Furthermore, It was observed that the 50-59 age group presented a higher proportion of hyperglycemia at 23.1%. Conclusion: Of the five variables evaluated, variable two, in most comorbidities, showed a significant relationship with hyperglycemia, unlike the other variables of the risk factors in the inhabitants of the Las Terrazas community in the Lurín district, 2024.