Examinando por Materia "Cabello"

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Acceso abierto
Cortical Trichological Characterization by Forensic Histotechnology
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Torres Zamudio, Susan Melody; Villavicencio Rafael, Andy Anderson; Ascarza Gallegos, Justo Angelo
The forensic importance of the cortex lies in the presence of pigment granules, which will serve as points of comparison for clarifying a criminal act. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize cortical trichology using forensic histotechnology. The study was observational, cross-sectional, and exploratory. The sample consisted of 300 samples, evenly divided: 150 human and 150 animal samples. Cross-sections were performed for analysis. The statistical analysis was done using contingency tables in SPSS. Five criteria were considered in the microscopic evaluation: Pigment Size (pigment granules in human cortex were fine, whereas in animals, they were coarse), Pigment Distribution (pigment granules in humans were peripheral, and in animals, central), Cortical Substance (the cortical substance in humans formed a thick cuff, while in animals, it was a hollow cylinder), Tonality (dark-toned pigments were granular, brownish pigments were diffuse, and grayish tones had no pigment), and Region of Origin (head hair was circular/oval with a narrow and central medulla, while pubic hair had an elliptical/irregular shape with an eccentric medulla). It is concluded that it is possible to characterize trichology based on pigment size, pigment distribution, cortical substance, tonality, and region of origin using the cortex and its elements.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of peripheral venous catheter fixation devices (tape vs. transparent dressing) in health service users
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-12) Meza Aponte, Abel Richard; Gomez Valeriano, Ivette Shirley; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Systematic review of 08 full-text articles from the last 10 years, with good quality of evidence; consisting of 04 randomized controlled clinical trials [50%]; 02 observational studies [25%], 01 systematic review [12.5%] and 01 meta-analysis [12.5%]. Results: 75% of studies did not find significant differences (p > 0.050) between fixation devices regarding the occurrence of complications such as phlebitis; The same percentage identified the main benefit of the transparent dressing as allowing direct observation of the catheter insertion site. Conclusions: It was determined that there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate that one fixation device (tape or transparent dressings) is better or superior than the other; The transparent dressing stands out for allowing visualization of the insertion point and is more cost-effective when used in patients with a medium and long-term hospital stay; while the tape is recommended when short-term access is needed and when the patient has abundant hair or profuse sweating.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of preoperative shaving to reduce infection at the surgical site of the postoperative patient
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) De La Rosa Mauricio, Yurico Lili; Tabraj Esteban, Rosa Luz; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
The systematic review of the 10 scientific articles on the effectiveness of preoperative shaving in reducing surgical site infection were found in the Cochrane Plus database, all of them correspond to the type and design of Systematic Reviews studies. The reviewed articles state that there are no differences in surgical field infection between patients whose hair was removed or not before surgery. If hair removal is necessary, then hair cutting and depilatory creams cause less infection of the surgical field than shaving with a razor. There is no difference in surgical field infection when patients are shaved or cut the day before surgery or on the day of surgery. The reviews do not find sufficient evidence to demonstrate an effect of preoperative hair removal on a rate of surgical site infection and the relative effects of shaving and waxing. Therefore, it is concluded that there is not enough scientific evidence to define the effectiveness of preoperative shaving or not shaving preoperatively in reducing surgical site infection, therefore shaving or not shaving is at the technical discretion of the head of the surgery team. .