Examinando por Materia "Complicaciones de la Diabetes"

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Acceso abierto
Asociación entre nivel de hemoglobina glucosilada y complicaciones microvasculares en pacientes diabéticos en el Hospital Aurelio Diaz Ufano y Peral, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-02-26) Rodríguez Tito, Marco Antonio; Parreño Serpa, Juan Gonzalo
Introducción: El aumento de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en nuestra población peruana es significativo, y la diabetes mellitus se destaca por su alta prevalencia en el país. El estudio del control glucémico en pacientes con diabetes mellitus representa importancia para la salud pública. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre el nivel de hemoglobina glucosilada y las complicaciones microvasculares en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en el Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral en el año 2023. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico y observacional. Se recopiló información sociodemográfica y clínica a partir de las historias clínicas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en consulta externa del Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral. Se empleó estadística descriptiva e inferencial para evaluar la asociación de la variable complicaciones microvasculares y la variable nivel de hemoglobina. Resultados: De 201 pacientes, se encontró que la media de edad fue 62.4 años. El 52.7% presentó hipertensión arterial. El 45.3% pacientes presentaron un nivel de HbA1C optima. Se encontró que 52.2% de pacientes presentaron complicaciones microvasculares de la diabetes, entre ellas retinopatía diabética (37.8%), nefropatía diabética (9.0%), neuropatía diabética (27.4%), pie diabético (0.5%). Se evidenció la asociación del nivel de hemoglobina glucosilada y complicaciones microvasculares (p=0.002). Conclusión: Se determinó que sí existe asociación el nivel de hemoglobina glucosilada y complicaciones microvasculares en pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 atendidos en el Hospital Aurelio Díaz Ufano y Peral.
Acceso abierto
Autocuidado y su relación con las complicaciones en pacientes diabéticos sometido a hemodiálisis en una clínica de Cañete – 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-09-08) Martinez Manco, Leidy Rocio; Zavaleta Gutiérrez, Violeta Aideé
Introducción: Este trabajo se centra en el autocuidado en enfermería de pacientes diabéticos con ERC que reciben hemodiálisis. El autocuidado no solo implica seguir las prescripciones médicas, sino también adoptar hábitos saludables, monitorear síntomas y gestionar la dieta y la medicación. Objetivo: “Determinar como el autocuidado se relaciona con las complicaciones en pacientes diabéticos sometidos a hemodiálisis en Cañete - 2024”. Métodos: Para el presente estudio de investigación sigue un enfoque cuantitativo, y se clasifica como una investigación aplicada, observacional, transversal, correlacional, la muestra está compuesta por 30 pacientes que tienen características en común sometido a hemodiálisis. El primer instrumento fue validado por la autora Mayra Cabrera Sosaya en Chiclayo a través de juicio de expertos procesado a través de la prueba binomial con un valor de p:0.031. Mientras que el segundo instrumento fue validado por la autora Pérez costa Grecia en Iquitos a través de juicio de expertos en el área de hemodiálisis. Los hallazgos proporcionarán datos esenciales para desarrollar estrategias educativas y mejorar la atención de enfermería en esta población vulnerable.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of educational interventions on diet and physical activity to prevent complications in diabetic patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-29) Gutierrez Mamani, Vilma; Caman Castillo, Maria Elena; Matta Solis, Hernan Hugo
Methodology: It consists of ten scientific articles found for the effectiveness of educational interventions, diet and physical activity to prevent complications in diabetic patients, these were analyzed by the databases Pubmed, Cochrane, Epistemonikos, Scielo, and Revista Médica, with these ten Articles examined 50% (n=5/10) are systematic reviews, 20% (n=2/10) case studies, 10% (n=1/10) meta-analysis, 10% (n= 1/10) randomized controlled trial and 10% (n= 1/10) cohort study. Results: The 10 articles found demonstrated that at least 80% indicate effectiveness of educational interventions in diet and physical activity to prevent complications in diabetic patients and 20% demonstrate impartiality to the interventions. Conclusions: 8 of 10 articles evaluated show this effectiveness.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of group education vs. individual education to improve the quality of life of patients with Diabetes Mellitus
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Silva Valencia, Teresa Isabel; Wong Valerio, Miryam Luisa; Remuzgo Artezano, Anika
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of group health education compared to individual education in improving the quality of life of patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Material and method: Retrospective systematic bibliographic search and review. The search was restricted to articles with full text and with a time limit of 10 years, and was carried out in the databases PudMed, Index de Enfermería, Scielo, Evidentia, Cochrane during the month of February 2016. Results: They were chosen 10 articles obtaining the following data: the application of group education has a great impact on the level of knowledge about the disease, as demonstrated in 100% of the articles reviewed, improving adherence to the treatment (66.6%), raising self-care levels (83.3%), achieving behavioral changes in relation to diet and physical activity (50%), therefore controlling biochemical parameters such as glucose (83.3%), and physical such as weight and BMI (33.3%) also shows other indicators such as: no diabetic complications (16.6%) which translate into a decrease in emergency care due to hyper or hypo glycemia. Conclusions: In this bibliographic review, group education is highlighted as the most effective method for the transmission of important knowledge. It also shows us the impact it causes as a means for socialization and the exchange of experiences. Structured group education as a complement to individual education appears necessary and extremely important to improve the quality of life and metabolic control of people with diabetes.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of endovenous insulin administration protocol for control in patients with hyperglycemia.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-01-12) Rivera Carranza, Edit Carmen; Trujillo Rojas, Enma Doris; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Materials and Methods: The study was qualitative in nature, with a systematic review design focused on scientific articles addressing the efficacy of intravenous insulin administration protocols for glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia. Various scientific articles were analyzed using databases such as Cochrane, Lilacs, PubMed, Medline, Epistemonikos, Intramed, and Scielo. The GRADE method was employed to evaluate the articles. Results: Among the 10 pieces of evidence identified based on the type of research, 30% (3/10) were randomized clinical trials, 20% (2/10) systematic reviews, 20% (2/10) cross-sectional analytical studies, 10% (1/10) systematic review and meta-analysis, 10% (1/10) meta-analysis, and 10% (1/10) cohort study. Of the 10 articles reviewed, 50% (5/10) provided evidence supporting the efficacy of intravenous insulin administration protocols for glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia, while the other 50% (5/10) concluded that the protocol was not effective and therefore not recommended for application. Conclusion: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 50% demonstrated the efficacy of intravenous insulin administration protocols for glycemic control in terms of significant glycemic improvement without increasing patient safety risks such as hypoglycemia. However, the other 50% concluded that intravenous insulin administration protocols were not effective, as no statistically significant differences were found between the results of the intravenous insulin protocol and conventional methods, leaving the decision to specialized medical discretion.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of endovenous insulin administration protocol for control in patients with hyperglycemia.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-01-12) Trujillo Rojas, Enma Doris; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Materials and Methods: The study was qualitative in nature, with a systematic review design focused on scientific articles addressing the efficacy of intravenous insulin administration protocols for glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia. Various scientific articles were analyzed using databases such as Cochrane, Lilacs, PubMed, Medline, Epistemonikos, Intramed, and Scielo. The GRADE method was employed to evaluate the articles. Results: Among the 10 pieces of evidence identified based on the type of research, 30% (3/10) were randomized clinical trials, 20% (2/10) systematic reviews, 20% (2/10) cross-sectional analytical studies, 10% (1/10) systematic review and meta-analysis, 10% (1/10) meta-analysis, and 10% (1/10) cohort study. Of the 10 articles reviewed, 50% (5/10) provided evidence supporting the efficacy of intravenous insulin administration protocols for glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia, while the other 50% (5/10) concluded that the protocol was not effective and therefore not recommended for application. Conclusion: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 50% demonstrated the efficacy of intravenous insulin administration protocols for glycemic control in terms of significant glycemic improvement without increasing patient safety risks such as hypoglycemia. However, the other 50% concluded that intravenous insulin administration protocols were not effective, as no statistically significant differences were found between the results of the intravenous insulin protocol and conventional methods, leaving the decision to specialized medical discretion.
Acceso abierto
Factores asociados a la adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que presentan complicaciones tardías, del hospital central de la FAP en el año 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-05-24) Cabrera Campos, Gianfranco Iain; Contreras Carmona, Pavel Jaime
Objetivo: Identificar los factores que se encuentran relacionados a la adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que presentan complicaciones tardías del Hospital Central FAP en el 2024. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo donde la muestra fueron 322 pacientes diabéticos del Hospital Central FAP que acudieron a consultorio externo y reciben tratamiento, durante el mes de septiembre y diciembre del 2024, se les explico sobre el estudio y les invito a participar por medio del consentimiento. Para evaluar la adherencia empleamos la escala de Morisky Green (MMAS-4), el análisis se realizó mediante el estadístico SPSS V23, además se aplicó la prueba estadística Chi cuadrado de Pearson logística para hallar las variables asociadas. Resultados: se encontró una adherencia en 65.2% (n=210), además el factor sociodemográfico que presentó asociación significativa fue el estado civil (p=0.001). Los factores clínicos asociados a la adherencia fueron el tipo de tratamiento (p<0.001), frecuencia de medicamentos (p=0.022), polifarmacia (p<0.001), información sobre enfermedad (p<0.001), la HbA1c (p<0.001), no presentar efectos adversos (p<0.05) tener cierta comorbilidad como Hipertensión, artrosis, dislipidemia, gastritis, neoplasia y obesidad todas siendo (p<0.05) y presentar complicaciones como la neuropatía diabética y el pie diabético (p<0.05). Conclusiones: la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes diabéticos que presentan complicaciones en el Hospital Central FAP fue superior a lo estimado; los factores asociados significativamente fueron: el estado civil, el tipo de tratamiento, frecuencia de medicamentos, polifarmacia, información sobre enfermedad, la HbA1c, tener una comorbilidad; y en complicaciones, la neuropatía como el pie diabético.
Acceso abierto
Impacto del cuidado de enfermería y prevención de complicaciones en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II en el servicio de emergencia del hospital nacional de Lima, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-09-22) Zúñiga Valera, Adriana Elizabeth; Gallegos Pacheco, Rutsmy Angel Manuel
El impacto del cuidado que proporciona el personal de enfermería en los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II, repercute en la prevención de complicaciones que pueden presentar estos pacientes; por ello, se espera mejorar su calidad de vida con un mejor enfoque. Objetivo: Determinar cómo el impacto del cuidado de enfermería se relaciona con la prevención de complicaciones en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II en el servicio de emergencia del Hospital Nacional de Lima, 2024. Métodos: Esta investigación es de tipo aplicada, cuantitativa, correlacional. La muestra estará constituida por 115 pacientes que acuden al servicio de emergencia de un hospital de Lima. Se aplicará la encuesta para las dos variables tipo Likert adaptados por Rivas ambas variables están validadas. Los datos recopilados serán procesados en el programa de SPSS 25 y para la hipótesis se aplicará el coeficiente de Spearman.
Acceso abierto
Knowledge of chronic kidney disease and compliance with preventive measures in diabetic patients of a regional hospital in Ayacucho, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-07) Escriba Palomino, Rubén; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Renal disease surveillance systems are deficient, leading to an increase in death rates worldwide. This outcome is due to the interrelationship of social and economic factors, which are linked to comorbidities such as diabetes and lifestyle choices, alongside the responsible adherence to preventive measures against chronic kidney disease. The present research project will be developed with the aim of determining the relationship between preventive measures and knowledge of chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients at a Regional Hospital in Ayacucho, 2021. The study has a quantitative approach, observational design, and cross-sectional cut. The study population will consist of a total of 136 diabetic patients from a Regional Hospital in Ayacucho, 2021. Data collection technique and instrument: a knowledge questionnaire with 20 questions and an interview guide with 24 questions will be used, following prior authorization and informed consent from the participants.
Acceso abierto
Level of knowledge about the complications of diabetes mellitus 2 in older adults treated at the Huaral district care center, 2020.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-10-11) Echevarria Romero, Rosa Lina; Uturunco Vera, Milagros Lizbeth
This academic work has a qualitative focus with a descriptive cross-sectional methodological design. The sample will consist of 200 older adults aged 60 and over, treated at the Care Center in the district of Huaral during September and October 2020, selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample size will be 101 participants, chosen through non-probabilistic sampling. To determine the level of knowledge, a survey will be used, and the instrument is a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.92.
Acceso abierto
Level of knowledge of the elderly about type 2 diabetes mellitus and its relationship in the prevention of complications, medicine hospitalization service, in a hospital in Lima, year 2022.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-17) Alarcón Gómez, Roxana Liceth; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread and well-known pathology, common in the elderly population, given that its prevalence increases with age. At 75 years of age, about 20% of the population has it and 44% of those affected by diabetes are over 65 years of age. Objective: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of older adults with type 2 diabetes and the prevention of complications, Hospitalization Service of Medicine in a Hospital in Lima, year 2022. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional analysis will be carried out on a sample consisting of 75 diabetic older adults, who are admitted to the hospital. This work is based on an investigative process that begins with the recognition of the situation, which allows us to admit that we have proposed a hypothesis that temporarily clarifies the problem so that it can be proposed for verification; which may be rejected or supported.
Acceso abierto
Quality of life in people affected by diabetes residing in the Juan Pablo II human settlement, Los Olivos, Lima-2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-09) Cuba Ramirez, Jenifer Yanet; Pérez Siguas, Rosa Eva
Objective: Determine the quality of life in people affected with diabetes who reside in the Juan Pablo II Human Settlement, Los Olivos, Lima-2019. Material and method: It is a study based on the quantitative approach, its design is non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional, with a population of 126 people affected with diabetes who reside in the Juan Pablo II Human Settlement. The data collection technique was the survey and the data collection instrument was the Diabetes 39 questionnaire, which has 5 dimensions and 39 items. Results: Regarding the quality of life in people affected with diabetes, 63 participants representing 50% have a higher quality of life and 63 participants representing 50% have a lower quality of life. Regarding the dimensions sexual function (50%), energy and mobility (42.9%), and social overload (42.9%), they were the most affected with the lowest quality of life. Conclusions: In relation to the quality of life in people affected with diabetes, it was found that 50% of people have a higher quality of life and 50% of people have a lower quality of life. Regarding the most affected dimensions, they were sexual function, energy and mobility, and finally social overload, which represents a lower quality of life.