Examinando por Materia "Dangerous materials"

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Acceso abierto
Nuevas tendencias de uso de sustancias toxicológicas en delitos de violencias sexual a mujeres adultas en Lima, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-08-27) Cruz Lopez, Karina Lizbeth; Montellanos Cabrera, Henry Sam
The purpose of the study was to establish the appraisals of the experts on the new trends in the use of toxicological substances in crimes of sexual violence against adult women in Lima, 2024. The approach was qualitative, with inductive method, it has a phenomenological and hermeneutic design, the sample was 10 experts in the area of Forensic Toxicology, a semi structured interview of 13 questions was applied, the information was processed in the Atlas ti 24 software. The results according to the category of regulated drugs were that benzodiazepines stand out, the acquisition of which is facilitated by the lack of control by the authorities, sociocultural, political and economic factors. With respect to new psychoactive substances, four were studied; Burundanga, Propofol, Muscle Relaxants, and Xylazine in which it was evidenced that these drugs have characteristics that are easily accessible and available because they are drugs for therapeutic, vegetable and veterinary use, have a fast metabolism, easy to mask and difficult to identify, also more emerging drugs were evidenced in this crime such as Tusi (pink drug), ketamine, hypoglycemic, antihistamines and fentanyl causing chemical submission. In the category of crimes of sexual violence, limitations were identified in terms of human resources, infrastructure, equipment and workload, in order to implement a new toxicological protocol. It was concluded that the new toxicological substances should be implemented in toxicological screening for crimes of sexual violence, as long as the identified limitations are improved, which will be additional evidence to clarify the facts.
Acceso abierto
Sustancias psicoactivas relacionadas con intentos de suicidio en adolescentes atendidos en el centro de salud mental comunitario Chilca - Huancayo 2022- 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-05) Cárdenas Tello, Tomasa Bequiet; Jáuregui Montero, José Antonio
El abuso de sustancias está relacionado con trastornos mentales como la depresión y la ansiedad, factores clave en el riesgo de suicidio. Los adolescentes que consumen sustancias psicoactivas tienen mayor probabilidad de desarrollar ideación suicida, planificar o intentar el suicidio. Esta interacción aumenta la vulnerabilidad juvenil. El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y los intentos de suicidio en adolescentes atendidos en el centro de salud mental comunitario Chilca - Huancayo (2022-2024). Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, correlacional, no experimental y transversal, con una muestra de 108 historias clínicas de adolescentes con intentos de suicidio. Los resultados mostraron que el 63,9% de los adolescentes tenía entre 13 y 15 años. El 75% de los casos correspondió a mujeres, y el alcohol fue la sustancia más consumida 34,3%. Además, el 52,8% presentó antecedentes de violencia intrafamiliar y el 42,6% fue víctima de agresiones psicológicas. En cuanto a los métodos de suicidio, el 41,7% se autolesionó con objetos punzocortantes. Se concluyó que existe una relación significativa entre el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y los intentos de suicidio en adolescentes, siendo la vía de administración y el tipo de sustancia consumida los factores más determinantes, mientras que la forma adquisición también influye, aunque en menor medida; evidenciándose que el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas no solo constituye un riesgo general, sino que sus características específicas potencian la probabilidad de conductas autolesivas.
Acceso abierto
Sustancias toxicológicas y tentativas de homicidio en agresiones intrafamiliares en el distrito fiscal de Nuevo Chimbote, periodo 2018-2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-05-20) Medrano Samames, Alejandro Dagne; Neyra Rivera, Carlos David
The present research focused on determining the toxicological substances linked to attempted homicides in intrafamily aggressions in the fiscal district of Nuevo Chimbote, during the years 2018 to 2022. Using a methodology corresponding to the hypothetical-deductive method, allowing the formulation of hypotheses based on existing theories, contrasting them with reality through specific data, and subjecting them to rigorous tests to validate preconceived ideas. With a quantitative approach whose value is sequential and probative; of an applied or practical nature. Additionally, a correlational level or scope was applied, indicating the degree of relationship between the variables of a studied population; using a non-experimental design and a non-probabilistic sampling that implies a selection based on the convenience of the author, whose population was 854 convicting sentences and 94 preparatory investigations as a sample. The technique used for this research was Documentary Analysis with a Data Capture Form instrument. Obtaining results, 98.94% of alcohol and 2.13% of cocaine present in cases of family aggression, it was identified that 100.00% of Physical Aggressions and 25.53% of Physical and Psychological Aggression are present in preparatory investigations for family violence cases. Concluding that there is a significant relationship between toxicological substance and attempted homicides in Intrafamily Aggressions in the fiscal district of Nuevo Chimbote, period 2018- 2022, through the Chi-square statistical test at a significance level of 5% with p=0.005.