Examinando por Materia "Embarazo"

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Acceptance and results of the Sars-Cov-2 vaccine during pregnancy and breastfeeding
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-02-07) Parvina Hernandez, Pamela Yoselin; Morales Alvarado, Sabrina Ynés
Objective: To determine the scientific evidence regarding the acceptance and outcomes of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Materials and Methods: A qualitative bibliographic review was conducted. Information was retrieved from various databases, including Google Scholar, Lilacs, PubMed, Elsevier, Cochrane, Scielo, ScienceDirect, and Microsoft Academic. The study included 42 articles that met the inclusion criteria for the 2021 study period. The Grade system was used to evaluate the quality of each article. Results: There was positive acceptance of the vaccine by pregnant and breastfeeding women. The vaccine demonstrated high effectiveness without complications in pregnant and breastfeeding women. Post-vaccination clinical reactions included common symptoms such as injection site pain, headache, general weakness, and myalgia. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in maternal serum, with placental transfer to the umbilical cord. Additionally, neutralizing and specific antibodies were found in breast milk, providing immune transfer to the infants. Conclusion: The vaccine should be used during pregnancy with complete safety as it provides an immunological response for both the mother and baby. Similarly, during breastfeeding, antibodies were present in breast milk, offering potential protection to the baby.
Acceso abierto
Anemia y estilos de vida en las gestantes del Puesto de Salud la Rinconada, periodo 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-08-15) Flores Martínez, María del Pilar; García Puicón, Lady Yanina
Este trabajo de investigación se realizó en el Puesto de salud la Rinconada periodo 2024 en el distrito de San Juan de Miraflores - Pamplona Alta .OBJETIVO : Identificar la relación que existe entre la anemia y los estilos de vida, en las gestantes que acudieron a sus atenciones prenatales al puesto de salud, en el 2024 .MATERIAL Y METODOS: Estudio hipotético deductivo ,cuantitativo, tipo básica ,transversal, descriptivo , correlacional y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 80 gestantes que acudieron a sus atenciones prenatales. Los instrumentos aplicados fueron, un cuestionario sobre los estilos de vida y una ficha de recolección de datos para la anemia. RESULTADOS : Las gestantes se encontraban en las edades entre los 23 y 36 años, en su mayoría eran convivientes 78,75 %, tenían un promedio de 2 a 3 hijos. Se encontró anemia leve en el18,8% de gestantes , anemia moderada un 2,5%, y el 78,7% no padece anemia. Se identifico que 1 de cada 5 gestantes padece de anemia leve. Determinó también una correlación negativa débil a moderada entre anemia y estilos de vida (rho= -0,320), ello indica que, si los estilos de vida mejoran, los niveles de anemia disminuyen, existiendo una relación inversa . Sobre la relación que existe entre anemia leve, anemia moderada y las dimensiones estudiadas, la mayoría tuvieron una correlación negativa. CONCLUSION: Se identifica que hay una relación estadísticamente significativa entre los estilos de vida y la anemia en las gestantes,con una correlación significativa.
Acceso abierto
Antepartum cardiotocographic finding in pregnancy in prolongation routes attended at the Junín-2020 support hospital
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-09-16) Tucto Torres, Libida Marlith; Ayala Peralta, Félix Dasio
The clinical case presented is of a 40-year-old pregnant woman, multiparous, with a gestational age of 41 weeks, diagnosed with a pregnancy in the process of prolongation. Her risk factors include advanced maternal age, long interpregnancy interval, and multiparity. In antepartum fetal monitoring, the stress test showed a baseline of 150 bpm, a variability of 5, mild late decelerations present in 80% of the trace, mixed decelerations due to umbilical cord compression, isolated fetal movements, and spontaneous uterine contractions occurring 3 times in 10 minutes with a non-reactive positive result. These findings led to a decision to terminate the pregnancy, subjecting her to an emergency cesarean section. The outcome was a live newborn with an APGAR of 6 at one minute and an APGAR of 9 at five minutes, weighing 4050 grams, with thick meconium-stained amniotic fluid.
Acceso abierto
Anxiety level of pregnant patients undergoing cesarean section at EsSalud II Hospital Ramon Castilla Cercado de Lima 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-02-07) Peralta Obispo, Lucy Marlinda; Mori Castro, Jaime Alberto
Introduction: In South America it was estimated that 7.7% of women suffer from anxiety and 3.6% of men. The country that suffers the most from anxiety is Brazil, since it has 3.3% of its population, followed by Paraguay with 7.6%, Chile with 6.5%, Uruguay with 6.4%, Argentina with a 6.3%, Cuba with 6.1%, Colombia with 5.8%, Peru and the Dominican Republic with 5.7%, Ecuador with 5.6%, Bolivia with 5.4%, Costa Rica with a 4.6% and finally Mexico with 3.6%. According to the Ministry of Health, the population demanded high attention in health services at the level of anxiety, which is why it is observed that depression increased in the years 2000-2005, being a problem in anxiety and depression care. . The gestational risk increases the level of anxiety, the preparation and the process of this help to face the fear of cesarean surgery. The data collection instrument was the Zung Scale questionnaire by Silvia Grundi Taminche, which includes 20 items grouped into 4 dimensions. The Microsoft Excel program will also be used to validate the instrument.
Acceso abierto
Attitudes and sexual practices of pregnant women treated at the hospital of San Juan de Lurigancho- Lima. period: November 2019 to February 2020.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-07-07) Elizarbe Avila, Sara; Velez Cervantes, Carlos Enrique
Objective: To determine the sexual attitudes and practices of pregnant women attended at the San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital (HSJL) in Metropolitan Lima. The study was conducted from November 2019 to February 2020. Material and method: This is a non-experimental design study, basic type, descriptive observational level, cross-sectional, and analytical; using a quantitative approach and the inductive research method. The study sample consisted of 195 pregnant women attending the obstetric clinic at HSJL. Results: Sexual practices (desire, fear, and position) of pregnant women according to trimesters were favorable (63.69%). Among them, 66.53% reported experiencing sexual desire, 31.03% experienced discomfort during sexual relations, and 93.51% adopted various sexual positions (first trimester: missionary; second trimester: woman on top and 90-degree position; third trimester: sitting on a chair; and side-lying position throughout the three trimesters). A risk state was identified in 36.64% of pregnant women whose sexual practices were not significant or lacked proper management. Regarding sexual attitudes, 63.36% exhibited a positive attitude (agree and strongly agree), while 36.31% were in a risk state with negative attitudes. The Spearman validation was direct for both variables (0.887). Conclusions: There is a favorable comparative relationship of 63.53% regarding sexual practices (63.69%) and attitudes (63.36%) during the three trimesters in pregnant women attended at HSJL. This indicates good sexual practices and positive sexual attitudes, although 36.48% of pregnant women are at risk with negative attitudes and unfavorable practices for the development of a normal and/or healthy pregnancy.
Acceso abierto
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas en gestantes con Hiperémesis Gravídica atendidas en el Centro de Salud Lajas, 2023- 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-05-02) Cerquera Vega, Perla del Rocio; García Puicón, Lady Yanina
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre las características clínicas y epidemiológicas en gestantes diagnosticadas con hiperémesis gravídica en el Centro de Salud Lajas durante el período 2023-2024. El estudio fue de tipo básico, con enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, transversal y retrospectivo. Se trabajó con una muestra de 50 gestantes diagnosticadas con hiperémesis gravídica. Los resultados evidenciaron que las náuseas y vómitos estuvieron presentes en el 100% de los casos, la sialorrea en el 86%, la pérdida de peso del 5% en el 70%, y la taquicardia, la intolerancia a los alimentos y la deshidratación en un 10%. En cuanto a las características epidemiológicas, el 30% de las gestantes tenía entre 24 y 29 años, el 68% residía en zonas urbanas, el 86% eran convivientes, el 72% amas de casa, y predominó el nivel educativo secundario (46%). Además, el 70% eran multigestas y el 94% reportó embarazos no planificados. El análisis inferencial reveló una correlación significativa de intensidad moderada entre las características clínicas y epidemiológicas y la hiperémesis gravídica (rs = 0.534, p = 0.000). Asimismo, se halló una correlación de significancia con intensidad alta entre las características clínicas y la hiperémesis gravídica (rs = 0.898, p = 0.000), mientras que no se encontró una asociación significativa con las características epidemiológicas (rs = 0.081, p = 0.574). En términos concluyentes, existe una correlación de significancia de intensidad moderada entre las características clínicas y epidemiológicas y la hiperémesis gravídica.
Acceso abierto
Characterization of retinopathy of prematurity in a perinatal maternal hospital, Lima 2017-2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-30) Espinoza Palomino, Yajahyda Yuliza; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Objective: Describe the characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity at a Maternal Perinatal Hospital in Lima during the period 2017-2019. Method: The present investigation has a quantitative approach, in terms of the methodological design it is a descriptive investigation, with the documentary analysis technique and the instrument of the data capture sheet, information was collected from the clinical records. Results: The characteristics were, the predominance of the male sex of the newborn with 60%, due to the type of delivery that the mother had, mostly delivery by cesarean section with 60%, mothers who had chorioamnionitis in 60%, due to the birth weight less than 1000 g in 40%, requirement for oxygen therapy with 60%, those who presented neonatal sepsis in 80%, according to the type of pregnancy single in 92%, gestational age less than 32 weeks with 72%, as for respiratory distress syndrome and intrauterine growth retardation, their percentages are less than 20%. Conclusion: The most important characterizations were: predominantly male gender, cesarean delivery, birth weight less than 1000g, oxygen therapy requirement, neonatal sepsis, type of singleton gestation, gestational age less than 32 weeks, mothers who presented chorioamnionitis, these characteristics being the most relevant and of great significance, they are possible risk factors for developing the disease.
Acceso abierto
Complications maternal-perinatal in anemic pregnant women
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-10-03) Basgualdo Cardenas, Kely Maximiliana; Reyes Serrano, Bertha Nathaly
Objective: To determine maternal and perinatal complications in anemic pregnant women. Study: The study was a systematic qualitative review. Study Scope: This study was carried out through an extensive review of scientific studies published in various online databases. Study Subjects: The sample consisted of 26 articles published in indexed journals between 2019 and 2022. Results: 15 of the 26 selected articles demonstrated high quality according to the GRADE system. The two complications that received the most attention in the articles, each with 40%, were obstetric hemorrhages and preterm births, followed by hypertensive disorders and low birth weight, each with a rate of 33.33%. APGAR <7 had a significance rate of 13.33%, and intrauterine growth restriction had a rate of 6.67%. These risks increase with anemia during pregnancy. Conclusion: It was observed that gestational anemia and maternal-perinatal complications are related in 93.33% of cases.
Acceso abierto
Consumption practices and nutritional status in women in the last trimester of pregnancy attended at Santa María del Socorro Hospital in Ica, November – December 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-04-17) Quijaite Alfaro, Patricia Edith; León Cáceres, Johanna del Carmen
Observational, correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The population was made up of 63 pregnant women in the last trimester of pregnancy at the Santa María del Socorro Hospital in Ica during November and December 2018. To analyze the data, the SPSS V24.00 program was used, two analyzes were carried out; descriptive (calculation of frequencies and combined tables), inferential (determined the relationship between the study variables) here the non-parametric Chi square test was applied. The results showed that 50.8% had adequate consumption practices, of which 42.9% had an Adequate Nutritional Status; 15.9% had inappropriate consumption practices. In relation to weight gain, 27% obtained adequate weight gain with adequate consumption practices, 9.5% obtained inadequate weight gain with inadequate consumption practices. 46.2% without anemia with a Hemoglobin value ≥11 g/dl with appropriate consumption practices, 4.9% with anemia hemoglobin  11 g/dl with inadequate food consumption practices. There is a significant relationship between consumption practices and the Nutritional Status of the pregnant woman in the last trimester of pregnancy (p=005).
Acceso abierto
Covid durante la gestación y sus complicaciones materno-perinatales en el hospital de apoyo Coracora de enero 2020 a diciembre 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-10-03) Luque Rivera, Mixmey Luisa; Sanz Ramírez, Ana María
Objetivo: Identificar complicaciones maternas perinatales en madres con infección perinatal por COVID-19 en el Hospital de Apoyo Coracora desde el 2020 al 2022. Método: Estudio de tipo descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. La muestra estuvo compuesta por toda la población e incluyó 23 historias clínicas de mujeres diagnosticadas con COVID-19 inmediatamente después del parto. Resultado: Se encontró que, el 30.4% de las gestantes presentó complicaciones en el parto, el 100% presentó complicaciones en el puerperio, y el 4.3% presentó complicaciones perinatales, Las complicaciones reportadas son: Oligohidramnios, ruptura prematura de membranas, circular peri cervical, insuficiencia útero placentaria, hemorragia, trabajo de parto disfuncional, en el puerperio se reportó como principal complicación la anemia y el 95.7 % de los recién nacidos no presentó complicación. Conclusiones: Se concluye que, las gestantes infectadas con COVID 19 presentaron alguna complicación siendo la más resaltante la anemia en el periodo de puerperio inmediato, solo se presentó un pequeño para edad gestacional.
Acceso abierto
Critical review: protective effect of breast milk for the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in low weight and/or premature babies under 37 weeks of gestation
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-03-09) Rivas Aguilera, Carmen Lucero; Bohórquez Medina, Sofia Lorena
The research aimed to identify the protective effect of breast milk in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in low-birth-weight and/or preterm infants under 37 weeks of gestation. The clinical question was: Does breast milk have a protective effect in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in both male and female infants with low birth weight and/or preterm birth under 37 weeks of gestation? Evidence-Based Nutrition (EBN) methodology was used. Information was gathered from PUBMED, LILACS, SCIELO, REDALYC, and SCIENCE DIRECT, where 29 articles were found, and 10 were selected. These articles were evaluated using the CASPe critical reading tool. Finally, the meta-analysis titled "Impact of Human Milk on Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" was selected, which has A1-level evidence and a strong recommendation grade. The critical review concluded that breast milk has a protective effect in preventing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm and/or low-birth-weight infants under 37 weeks of gestation.
Acceso abierto
Despido laboral en la protección convencional del despido nulo por embarazo. Casación N° 49827-2022 Lima.
(Universidad Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-13) Zegarra Zevallos, Sara Elena; La Hoz Salinas, Bruno Abelardo
En este estudio de caso, se plantea una pregunta fundamental sobre cómo garantizar la protección de las mujeres embarazadas contra despidos injustos, lo que genera incertidumbre en términos de leyes y derechos laborales en el contexto de Lima en 2022. Como objetivo principal es determinar cómo influye el despido laboral en la protección convencional del despido nulo por embarazo en Lima 2022. Como metodología se, se empleó un enfoque cualitativo de naturaleza exploratoria y descriptiva, utilizando un diseño de estudio de caso. En cuanto a los resultados se identificó que destacaron la necesidad de fortalecer los derechos de las trabajadoras embarazadas. En conclusión, este estudio enfatiza la importancia de proteger los derechos y la estabilidad laboral de las mujeres embarazadas, prevenir la discriminación de género en el trabajo y garantizar un recurso efectivo para impugnar despidos injustos relacionados con el embarazo. La recomendación central es mejorar las leyes laborales, crear conciencia sobre estos derechos y proporcionar un mayor respaldo legal, con el fin de asegurar la protección de las mujeres embarazadas, promover la equidad en el ámbito laboral y ofrecerles una mayor seguridad en sus empleos.
Acceso abierto
Determinantes sociales de la salud relacionadas a deserción académica por embarazo en mujeres ENDES 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-09-08) Alfaro Ollachica, Jiancarlo Jesús; Arellano Sacramento, César
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los determinantes sociales de la salud y la deserción académica por embarazo en mujeres ENDES, 2023. Materiales y método: estudio correlacional, no experimental, transversal, análisis multivariado mediante la revisión de “Dataset” ENDES 2023. Siendo la población mujeres entre 12 a 24 años del ámbito nacional Perú según ENDES 2023. Se utilizó razón de Proporciones Poisson de varianza robusta. La variable de interés (segunda variable) fue “Razón por que dejo de asistir a la escuela” (embarazo/no embarazo). Siendo la primera variable Determinantes sociales de la salud (con las dimensiones Biología Humana, Medio Ambiente, Estilos de Vida y Cuidados de la Salud, Sistemas de Salud). El número de muestra fue de 4132. Resultados: El 22,4% de mujeres dejó de estudiar por embarazo. El hablar otro idioma (35.35%), el considerarse de raza blanca (19.49%) y raza negra (19.12%), disminuyen la posibilidad de deserción académica por embarazo. Mientras que el tener una edad hasta 18 años (25.91%), El haber tenido de 1 a 3 nacimientos en los últimos 3 años (59.53%), El tener nivel educativo superior (50.08%) y El nivel educativo secundaria (142.31%), El tener una edad de inicio de relaciones sexuales menores a 18 años (60.25%), El no vivir junto con su pareja (109.85%), El vivir junto con su pareja (80.88%), El ser casada(65.13%), El tener cobertura de seguro de salud (36.05%), El tener una condición socioeconómica de rico/más rico (16.70%), aumentan la posibilidad de deserción académica por embarazo. Conclusión: Se encontró significancia estadística en los cuatro factores.
Acceso abierto
Determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants who attend the growth and development clinic at the Viña San Francisco health post, Santa Anita district, Lima 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-20) Villamar Arce, Sheila Yallily; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that anemia affects around 800 million children and women in the world. In Peru, iron deficiency anemia is a serious public health problem affecting 46.6% of children. children at very early ages between 6 months and the first year of life, this situation being the same as that observed in the growth and development clinic of the Viña San Francisco health facility in the Santa Anita district, where the percentage of Anemia in 6-month-old infants reaches 39.8%, a figure that remains high in the first half of 2019 despite the health intervention strategies carried out to reduce cases of anemia in the target population. Objective: Describe the determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants. Method: The study has a quantitative approach, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective, presenting a single main variable, the techniques used were documentary analysis and the interview and the instruments used were the monitoring sheet and the questionnaire applied to the mothers of 6-month-old infants with anemia, the population being the total number of infants, which was 27, constituting a census. Results: During the study period, it was identified that, of the total number of infants with anemia, 70.3% had mild anemia, 25.9% had moderate anemia and 3.7% had severe anemia, with the female sex prevailing with 59.2%. Regarding the determining factors of anemia, present: 25.9% of mothers had a history of anemia during pregnancy, it was identified that 85.1% of infants received iron supplementation at the health facility with timely initiation of the supplement and of them 51.7% consumed it in less than 2 months and 56.5% did not consume it daily, with poor adherence to prophylactic treatment. Regarding the type of feeding, 51.8% of the infants did not receive exclusive breastfeeding, its varieties being mixed, artificial breastfeeding and consumption of cow's milk. 1 infant with a history of prematurity and 2 infants with low birth weight were identified; however, none received prophylactic iron supplementation. 55.5% of infants had their complete vaccination for their age, 70.3% of infants did not have complete growth and development controls for their age. In relation to prevalent diseases, 44.4% of infants with anemia presented diarrheal disease and respiratory infections and of them 3 infants were hospitalized. It has been identified that more than 70% of mothers of infants are unaware of the consequences of anemia during pregnancy, the irreversible effects suffered by the child with anemia in their adult life and the areas of psychomotor development that are affected in the child. with anemia. Conclusions: From the results obtained, it is concluded that the majority of infants in the study had mild or slight anemia, with a predominance of the female sex. A good percentage of the infants began iron supplementation in a timely manner at the health facility. However, More than half of them did not comply with the treatment on a regular basis, identifying difficulties in adherence to treatment. Likewise, infants with a history of prematurity and low birth weight were found who did not receive supplementation despite being infants with a risk factor for anemia, it was found that half of the infants with anemia did not receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, being essential for the prevention of the disease, there is non-compliance with the vaccination schedule and growth and development controls in the infants under study, conditioning the risk of suffering from prevalent diseases such as diarrhea and respiratory infections, as is the case, and at the same time losing the possibility of receiving growth controls and timely nutritional evaluation, it has also been identified that most of mothers interviewed, are unaware of the consequences of anemia in children, which could lead to non-compliance with basic nutritional care in the infant by parents from conception.
Acceso abierto
Effect of Educational Interventions on the prevention of Pregnancy in Adolescents
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-04-12) Vasquez Díaz, Luz Carito; Sanz Ramirez, Ana María
Educational interventions in adolescents have a positive effect in both the face-to-face and virtual modality, which is usually a medium in which they are familiar. These interventions must occur before the adolescent begins.
Acceso abierto
Effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and maternal-infant health
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-08) Cano Rafael, Yessel; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
The present secondary research titled as a critical review: Effect of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and maternal-child health, aimed to identify scientific articles of clinical studies related to the topic of Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy and exclusive breastfeeding in neonates. The clinical question was: Can nutritional supplementation with probiotics (Lactobacillus rhamnosuscepa GG and bifidobacteria) in pregnant and lactating mothers improve the health of the mother and newborn? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in PUBMED, SCIELO, SCIENCE DIRECT, finding 156 articles, 16 being selected that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally selecting a systematic review titled: Effect of probiotic supplementation in pregnant women: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, which has a level of evidence AII and Grade of Strong Recommendation, according to the expertise of the researcher. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that there is evidence which allows us to affirm the beneficial effect of probiotic supplementation in pregnant women and neonates, which improves the transmission of said probiotic strains, improving the immune response in relation to pathologies, benefiting both.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy and breastfeeding
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-19) Santamaria Peraldo, Josselyn Natally; Morales Alvarado, Sabrina Ynés
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of the Covid-19 vaccine in pregnancy and breastfeeding. Design: non-experimental cross-sectional. Scope of study: Scientific publications with updated and recent information. Study subjects: The study population was made up of 60 investigations, collected from June to October 2021. Results: The study was made up of 31,588 pregnant women and 589 lactating mothers. The pregnant women were vaccinated with Pfizer 84%, modern 16%. 96% received 2 doses. During the second trimester, 35% were vaccinated, 20% in the first trimester and another 20% in the third trimester. 99% of pregnant women did not register complications during pregnancy. 79% of nursing mothers were vaccinated with Pfizer, 17% modern and 4% Chadox. 96% received 2 doses. The most recorded side effect was pain in the application area (80%). The presence of mRNA was not evident in breast milk. The formation of antibodies was evident in pregnant women, nursing mothers and in the newborn. Conclusion: The results found in this research support vaccination against COVID 19 in both stages. It is recommended to raise awareness among this vulnerable population so that they freely access vaccination.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of levonorgestrel as an emergency oral contraceptive
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Chávez Andrade, Maribel; Pérez Alvarez, Ruth Antonia Jenyfer; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Objective: Analyze and systematize the effectiveness of levonorgestrel as an emergency oral contraceptive. Materials and Methods: Systematic review of 10 national and international research articles that had as their main topic the effectiveness of levonorgestrel as an emergency oral contraceptive. Of all the articles that were found, the most important ones were included according to level of evidence and the least relevant ones were excluded, where they were subjected to a critical reading. Results: 70% of the articles demonstrate that levonorgestrel is effective as an emergency oral contraceptive in preventing pregnancy and agree that levonorgestrel is effective within 72 hours to prevent pregnancy. Because it is an emergency and not a regular method of contraception, it is recommended to use it only 2 times a year. Conclusions: Levonorgestrel is effective as an emergency oral contraceptive in preventing pregnancy.
Acceso abierto
EFICACIA DEL LEVONORGESTREL COMO ANTICONCEPTIVO ORAL DE EMERGENCIA
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Chávez Andrade, Maribel; Mg. Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Objetivo: Analizar y sistematizar la eficacia del levonorgestrel como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión sistemática de 10 artículos de investigación tanto nacionales como internacionales que tuvieron como tema principal la eficacia del levonorgestrel como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia. De todos los artículos que se encontraron, se incluyeron los más importantes según nivel de evidencia y se excluyeron los menos relevantes, donde se sometieron a una lectura crítica. Resultados: El 70% de los artículos demuestran que el levonorgestrel es eficaz como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia en la prevención de embarazo y coinciden que levonorgestrel es eficaz dentro de las 72 horas para prevenir el embarazo. Por ser de emergencia y no un método de anticonceptivo regular, se recomienda usarla solo 2 veces al año. Conclusiones: El levonorgestrel es eficaz como anticonceptivo oral de emergencia en la prevención de embarazo.
Acceso abierto
Factores asociados a la anemia en mujeres gestantes con diagnóstico confirmado en un centro de salud público de Chincha, año 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-27) Revatta Bravo, Lucero Gloria Victoria; Diez Quevedo, Karina Elizabeth
La anemia en el embarazo es la alteración hematológica más común durante esta etapa y puede causar complicaciones tanto para la madre como para el recién nacido. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores asociados a la anemia por deficiencia de hierro en mujeres embarazadas atendidas en un centro de salud público de Chincha durante el año 2024. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo aplicada, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, observacional y retrospectivo. La muestra incluyó a 220 gestantes con diagnóstico confirmado de anemia. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de las gestantes con anemia eran mayores de 20 años (87.5%), convivían con su pareja (77.5%), estaban desempleadas (72.5%), no tenían estudios superiores (56.7%) y vivían en zonas urbanas (93.3%). En el ámbito obstétrico, la mayoría tenía entre uno y tres hijos (95.8%), asistió a menos de seis controles prenatales (56.7%) y presentó un intervalo intergenésico adecuado (83.3%). Nutricionalmente, tenían un IMC normal (71.7%) y recibían suplemento de sulfato ferroso (60.8%). En conclusión, las mujeres embarazadas con anemia se caracterizan mayoritariamente por tener más de 20 años, estar desempleadas, vivir en unión libre, residir en zonas urbanas, no haber completado el número adecuado de controles prenatales, y presentar un índice de masa corporal dentro de los parámetros normales.