Examinando por Materia "Enfermedad Cardiopulmonar"

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Acceso abierto
Distance Covered in the 6-Minute Walk Test in Obese Children Aged 6-11 Years at a Police School in the Province of Callao during March and April 2015
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-07) Chirinos Marroquin, Noelia; Garcia Pinto, Greysy Patricia; García Bendezú, Mónica Judith
The six-minute walk test is considered the ideal submaximal test for evaluating functional capacity in patients with cardiopulmonary disease and healthy individuals. It is simple, easy, and low-cost. Its standardization makes it a highly effective tool in terms of cost-benefit ratio. Obesity is now recognized by the World Health Organization as a disease. It not only increases body mass index (BMI) but also leads to a series of metabolic disorders that seriously compromise health. In children, it also increases the risk of cardiopulmonary diseases, psychosocial problems, physical issues, and eating disorders. This situation should prompt deep reflection from authorities and health-related institutions due to the complications associated with obesity. Therefore, the goal of this study is to assess the functional capacity of obese Peruvian children aged 6 to 11 years using the six-minute walk test, following the American Thoracic Society protocol. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study used non-probabilistic convenience sampling, with informed consent, and included children who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Two six-minute walk tests were conducted on the same day with a 30-minute rest between tests. Heart rate, oxygen saturation, degree of dyspnea, and lower limb muscle fatigue were measured using the modified Borg scale. A total of 66 obese children aged 6 to 11 years were evaluated, covering a distance of 487.77m±66.37m, with 29 males and 37 females (490.55m±73.84m and 485.59m±60.84m, respectively). The study sample was divided into 3 age groups for each sex: Group I (6 to 7) walked 420.53m ± 69.22m, Group II (8 to 9) walked 504.51m ± 46.08m, and Group III (10 to 11) walked 514.19m ± 62.32m. The results for females were Group I (439.80m ± 67.64m), Group II (498.43m ± 40.57m), and Group III (509.40m ± 63.49m). The results for males were Group I (382.00m ± 60.79m), Group II (510.17m ± 51.27m), and Group III (522.17m ± 65.36m). Conclusions: Obese children aged 6 to 11 walked an average of 487.77m ± 66.37m. The distance covered was directly proportional to age—older children walked further. Obese girls walked shorter distances than obese boys. These findings demonstrate that obese children have lower physical capacity compared to children with normal weight.
Acceso abierto
Evaluating the effectiveness of interventions to reduce hospital readmissions in patients with heart failure.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-02) Alza Landeo, Aurorita del Carmen; Gomez de la Cruz, Bertha Yakelin; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa Maria
The systematic review of 10 scientific articles, no older than 10 years, on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce hospital readmissions in heart failure patients, found in the databases: Scielo, Cochrane Plus, Lilacs, Pubmed, Medline, and analyzed according to the Grade scale to determine their evidence quality and strength of recommendation. RESULTS: Of the 10 articles reviewed: 40% randomized controlled trials, 20% systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 20% retrospective and prospective cohort studies, 10% multicenter quasi-experimental trial, and 10% experimental study. 80% of the reviews indicate that various interventions significantly reduce hospital readmissions, highlighting individualized consultations by each professional, with the nurse as the manager in individualized education promoting self-care; telephone follow-ups, home visits, early post-discharge care, the use of day hospitals for decompensations, and telemedicine. However, 20% indicate no differences, and in some cases, readmissions are not reduced, due to the heterogeneity of interventions and the few existing studies. CONCLUSIONS: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 8 indicate the effectiveness of interventions to reduce hospital readmissions in heart failure patients, and 2 articles are discordant regarding some interventions to decrease hospital readmissions.