Examinando por Materia "Enfermedad Crónica"

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Breastfeeding self-efficacy of pregnant women with an effect on the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding in the tablada de Lurín maternal and child center 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-02-07) Méndez Chávez, Erika; Gonzales Saldaña, Susan Haydee
Exclusive breastfeeding is the fundamental pillar for infant nutrition; in the world a large group of infants enjoy the benefits of EBF; Among the most important benefits are saving their lives, avoiding morbidity, promoting optimal physical and cognitive development, in addition to reducing the risk of contracting chronic diseases. It is worth mentioning that there are studies that affirm that the lack of this practice affects sustainable development and poverty reduction in the long term. Objective: Determine the breastfeeding self-efficacy of pregnant women with an effect on the interruption of exclusive breastfeeding at the Tablada De Lurín 2020 Maternal and Child Center. Methodology The present research will have a quantitative approach since the variable will be measured numerically, the design of the The study will be non-experimental, the method will be descriptive and cross-sectional. The sample population will be made up of 70 pregnant women who attend the health facility. The data collection technique is the survey and the instrument will be the LIKER type called “Self-efficacy for breastfeeding”, an instrument created in Mexico in 2018, which is found to have validity and reliability.
Acceso abierto
Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas del centro Respirando2
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-05-16) Alvarez Diaz, Assuan; Diaz Mau, Aimee Yajaira
La calidad de vida es la precepción del estado de salud y autoconocimiento de su condición física, emocional e impacto social en relación a su enfermedad respiratoria crónica, como es la Fibrosis pulmonar, EPOC, Asma o bronquiectasias, entre otras. Conocerla implica mejorar evaluaciones y tratamientos, por ello la presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la Calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas del centro respirando2 . La metodología de estudio fue deductivo, descriptivo y corte transversal, con una muestra constituida por 98 pacientes. Se obtuvo como resultados una calidad de vida con una media de 42,72 con desviación estándar de 9,52; en donde la dimensión predominante fue la actividad con 49,46±11, seguido de impacto con 37,71±10,42 y los de menor puntaje fueron aquellos que presentaron en la dimensión síntomas 35,11±8,41. Finalmente se concluye que la calidad de vida se encuentra alterada en los pacientes respiratórios crónicos y el Cuestionario de Saint George es un buen instrumento de medición que identifica la percepción.
Acceso abierto
Critical review: effect of a vegetarian regimen in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-04-21) Torrejón Rueda, Alessia Inés; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
The nutritional intervention is to evaluate the effect of a vegetarian diet on chronic kidney disease. The present secondary research titled as a critical review: “Association of Vegetarian Diet with Kidney Disease”, aimed to provide professional critical commentary regarding scientific articles of clinical studies related to the association of vegetarian diet on kidney disease. The clinical question was: What are the effects of a vegetarian diet on the progression of kidney disease in patients with chronic kidney disease? The methodology used was Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE). An information search was carried out in PUBMED, REDALYC, SCIELO, SCIENCE DIRECT, DIALNET; 48 articles were found, 11 were chosen that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally choosing the Retrospective Cohort Study entitled "Association of Vegetarian Diet with Chronic Kidney Disease", said study has a level of evidence C II and Strong Recommendation Degree, according to the researcher's review. The review of the study gave rise to a critical comment which allowed us to conclude that the vegetarian diet is significantly associated with a lower prevalence of chronic kidney disease, obtaining multiple benefits, including better blood pressure control, lower production of uremic toxins, and preventing progression. of kidney disease, however more large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed.
Acceso abierto
Enfermedades crónicas, grado de necesidad de tratamiento odontológico y cantidad de fármacos administrados en pacientes especiales del servicio de estomatología del Hospital Nacional PNP Luis N. Sáenz, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-05-06) Astorayme Salvatierra, Andrea Brittany; Marroquín García, Lorenzo Enrique
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general identificar la relación entre las enfermedades crónicas, el grado de necesidad de tratamiento odontológico y la cantidad de fármacos administrados en pacientes especiales del servicio de estomatología del Hospital Nacional PNP Luis N. Sáenz, 2024. La población estuvo conformada por 200 pacientes especiales que acudieron al servicio odontológico del hospital entre enero y junio de 2024. La muestra calculada mediante la fórmula de población finita, consistió en 132 pacientes seleccionados a través de un muestreo aleatorio simple, garantizando la representatividad de los datos. El tipo de investigación fue básica, con un diseño no experimental, correlacional y transversal. Los resultados mostraron que un 52.3% de los pacientes presentaron al menos dos enfermedades crónicas, mientras que el 34.1% requirió tratamientos odontológicos de alta complejidad. Asimismo, el 30.3% de los pacientes consumió dos medicamentos, reflejando una carga terapéutica en esta muestra. También se evidenció que las mujeres y los pacientes de 30 a 59 años presentaron mayores necesidades odontológicas y médicas en comparación con otros grupos (p<0.05). En conclusión, se encontró la relación entre las enfermedades crónicas, la complejidad de los tratamientos odontológicos y el consumo de medicamentos en pacientes especiales, destacando la necesidad de estrategias preventivas, protocolos individualizados y un enfoque multidisciplinario para mejorar su calidad de vida.
Acceso abierto
Factores de riesgo y adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas en el Hospital Militar Geriátrico, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-11) Contreras Hoyos, Graciela; Ortíz Urquía, Sheila; Oyarce Alvarado, Elmer
El objetivo del trabajo de investigación fue determinar la relación entre los factores de riesgo y el cumplimiento del tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas del Hospital Militar Geriátrico, Lima, 2023. Metodología: El método fue hipotético deductivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo de investigación básica, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y nivel correlacional. La población fue seis mil y la muestra fue 373 pacientes adultos mayores a ellos se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta y con el cuestionario como instrumento para la recolección de datos analizados estadísticamente y aplicados la prueba de hipótesis para el contraste. Resultados: se observó que en los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas y un nivel alto de factores de riesgo presentaron una adherencia terapéutica del 16,1% de los pacientes con enfermedades crónicas, mientras que los pacientes con un nivel bajo de factores de riesgo presentan un 21,7% de baja adherencia terapéutica (V-Crámer= 0,519; p=0,000<0,05). Conclusión: se determinó la relación que existe entre los factores de riesgo y la adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas, es decir, que a mayor factor de riesgo esto conlleva a una mayor adherencia terapéutica en pacientes geriátricos.
Acceso abierto
Factors that influence depression in long-stay geriatric patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-08-24) Cancio Nuñez, Virginia Estefania; Cordero Bravo, María Del Carmen; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Systematize evidence on the factors that influence depression in long-stay geriatric patients. Results: The articles found, 14 of them, indicate that the factors that influence depression in the elderly are: 1.- Socio-demographic factor (female sex, incomplete primary education, illiteracy, grief, chronic degenerative diseases, entry into residence, fear to death, neurological and psychiatric disorders, marital status, high levels of anxiety, institutionalized less than 1 year), 2.- Economic Factor: low income, type of home, poor social support, dependency economic3.- ABVD factor: functional dependence, sedentary lifestyle, partially dependent women, dependence on some of the ABVD, polypharmacy, urinary incontinence, falls, sleep disorder. Conclusion: The socio-demographic, economic and ABDL factors described in the results influence depression in older adults. The same process of institutionalization has been documented by some authors as a trigger for depressive processes, and some authors propose how institutionalization in residences is associated with factors that favor the appearance of depressive symptoms or symptoms and that can lead to an increase in the prevalence of this process.
Acceso abierto
Fuerza Muscular Periférica en pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas de un centro privado de Lima, 2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-06-13) Llovera Molina, Norhelia Esmeralda; Chero Pisfil, Santos Lucio
Se considera que la fuerza muscular periférica en las enfermedades respiratorias crónicas es un elemento necesario de medición, debido a que, por cada kilo de mejora, disminuye el riesgo de mortalidad, así como los cambios de 4 kilogramos aleja la posibilidad de descompensación, es de fácil aplicación, tiene alta confiabilidad, bajo costo, además de ser un importante biomarcador de diagnóstico de salud, aplicable en múltiples investigaciones científicas. Objetivo; determinar la fuerza muscular periférica en pacientes respiratorios crónicos de la ciudad de Lima. Metodología; estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, de corte transversal, desarrollado en 81 pacientes de un centro privado de rehabilitación respiratoria, en donde se aplicó la fuerza de prensión a través de la dinamometría, se utilizó los programas estadísticos Excel y SPSS V25. Resultados; la media de la fuerza muscular fue de 26,85±9,84, siendo los pacientes masculinos con 65,5%, fueron 36 pacientes con dimensión normal, la enfermedad de mayor predominio fueron los Post-Covid 19, con 48,14% y menor el asma con 8,64%. Conclusiones; se concluye que los valores obtenidos fueron bajos, predominante en los secuelados de Covid 19, las mujeres tienen los valores más disminuidos, sobre todo en las dimensiones débil y normal.
Acceso abierto
Importance of the motivational program in the cycle of behavior change in patients who consume psychoactive substances in the Ñaña rehabilitation center
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-10-04) Diaz Mendoza, Giovana Esperanza; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Addiction is a chronic disease characterized by the compulsive seeking and consumption of psychoactive substances. The objective of this research is to determine the importance of the motivational program in the cycle of behavior change in patients who consume psychoactive substances. This research in question has a quantitative approach, and in terms of methodological design it is a pre-experimental research. The population for carrying out this research will be made up of 30 patients who voluntarily attend the outpatient clinic of the Naña rehabilitation center and will undergo a test before treatment and then a test after receiving treatment. The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA) instrument will be used to evaluate the stage of change regarding the modification of any addictive behavior.
Acceso abierto
Knowledge and attitudes about palliative care of the nursing professional who works in the intensive care unit of an Essalud Hospital, Callao, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-02-17) Maldonado Marcos, Erika Janeth; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa Maria
The objective of the study is: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of palliative care and the attitudes of nurses. Methodology: The study has a quantitative descriptive approach because it involves the collection and analysis of variables. It is a correlational, cross-sectional design because no manipulation of the variables will be performed. The sample will consist of a total of 30 nursing professionals from the intensive care unit, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research will use the "Questionnaire on the knowledge of palliative care by healthcare personnel" with 30 items, and a Likert-type scale with 14 questions to measure attitudes will be used as an instrument. The principles of bioethics for research involving human subjects will be respected, and the anonymity of the participants will be maintained. Subsequently, data will be collected and organized in Excel using tables that facilitate the grouping of information in detail to show frequencies and percentages.
Acceso abierto
Perceived level of family support and self-care practices of patients with type II diabetes mellitus in a health center in Chorrillos, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-17) Aguilar Belaonia, Chantale Esperanza; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease that represents a public health problem due to its accelerated growth, the damage it causes at a systemic level and the cost generated by its treatment and prevention of complications. It is a chronic, degenerative and incurable disease but it can be controlled, so the family support provided to the patient is important, which will impact the quality of the self-care practices that every patient with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus must carry out in order to improve their condition. your health, well-being and family harmony. This research project will be carried out with the objective of "Determining how the level of perceived family support is related to the self-care practices of patients with type II diabetes mellitus, from a Health Center in Chorrillos, 2021." The study has a quantitative, descriptive, correlational approach, and an observational, cross-sectional design. The study population will be made up of 50 patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Two instruments will be applied, one that will evaluate the level of perceived family support provided by the family member and another instrument that will evaluate the self-care practices carried out by the patient with diabetes. The technique that will be used in data collection will be the survey, a questionnaire will be used with prior authorization and informed consent of the participants, the results will be collected and processed, coded and entered into an Excel database and will be tabulated and processed under a system, using the SPSS version 22 statistical package.
Acceso abierto
Post pandemic mental disorders associated to chronic degenerative diseases on personnel of the Metropolitano Clinic on Tacna-Peru 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-08-10) Mimbela Palma, Mario Eduardo; Diaz Barrientos, Galina
Introduction: The pandemic affected health workers, with a percentage developing mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and stress. These disorders might relate to chronic diseases like obesity, hypertension, or diabetes mellitus. Objective: To determine the relationship between post-pandemic mental health disorders and chronic diseases among health workers at the C.S. Metropolitano de Tacna, Peru, in 2024. Material and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study will be conducted in 2024, collecting data from 76 workers. Results: 75% of workers were female, 34.21% had chronic diseases, and 43.42% had mental health disorders. No association was found between mental health disorders and chronic diseases, but associations were identified between age and anxiety (p=0.031), as well as age and depression (p=0.044). Conclusion: No significant association between mental health disorders and chronic diseases was found, though anxiety and depression were related to age.