Examinando por Materia "Hojas de la Planta"

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Actividad antiinflamatoria del extracto etanólico de las hojas del Baccharis buxifolia (Lam.) Pers. “Talla” en ratones
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-22) Rivera Vicuña, David Walter; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
The present research aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of Baccharis buxifolia (Lam.) Pers. “Talla” leaves in mice. Solubility testing and a qualitative phytochemical profile of the ethanolic extract were carried out. To determine anti-inflammatory activity, the subplantar edema method with 1% albumin, as described by Winter et al. (modified), was employed. Forty-two albino mice (Mus musculus strain Balb/C53) of both sexes, each weighing more than 25 g, were used. The mice were randomly distributed into six groups and subsequently administered 0.1 mL of 1% albumin in the subplantar region. The plant extract was tested at concentrations of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of body weight, while dexamethasone (4 mg/kg) and diclofenac (50 mg/kg) were used as standard drugs. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Baccharis buxifolia leaves, at 400 mg/kg, exhibited the greatest anti-inflammatory effect at two hours, with an inhibition percentage of 62%, compared with the lower extract concentrations (100 mg/kg: 10%; 200 mg/kg: 28%) and with the standard drugs diclofenac (50 mg/kg: 31%) and dexamethasone (4 mg/kg: 48%). It is concluded that the ethanolic extract of Baccharis buxifolia (Lam.) Pers. “Talla” leaves demonstrates significant anti-inflammatory activity at a dose of 400 mg/kg.
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Actividad antioxidante y antiinflamatoria del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) "tumbo serrano"
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-03-08) Ramos Huamaní, Hilda; Pari Colque, Regina; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
The plant species Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth), commonly known as “tumbo serrano,” is native to Peru and grows in the regions of Cuzco, Lambayeque, Lima, Pasco, Piura, and Talara. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima leaves. The ethanolic extract was obtained by maceration, after which solubility testing and phytochemical screening were conducted to identify secondary metabolites. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method, while anti-inflammatory activity was assessed through the paw edema test induced by a phlogistic agent (1% albumin). The results demonstrated antioxidant activity at the following concentrations: 125 µg/mL (79.55%), 93.75 µg/mL (60.99%), 62.5 µg/mL (41.93%), and 31.25 µg/mL (21.82%). Compared with the TROLOX standard, the extract also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity, with a dose of 600 mg/kg producing an effect from the first hour of administration (p = 0.000), which was comparable to that of dexamethasone at 4 mg. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima leaves exhibits both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.
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Actividad diurética del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas secas de Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) pers. (Carqueja) en ratas albinas de la cepa Holtzman
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-05-20) López Dávila, Zaid Hebert; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
Medicinal plants with diuretic activity currently occupy a place as an alternative therapy to pharmaceutical drugs. Objective: To determine the diuretic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract from the dry leaves of Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers. (Carqueja) in Holtzman strain albino rats. Materials and method: 50 female rats weighing 230 to 280 g were used, employing the modified Naik et al. model. The rats were pre-hydrated with 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) at 50 mL/kg and distributed into five groups: Control Group (0.9% NaCl 50 mL/kg), Standard Group (furosemide 40 mg/kg), Group I (extract 200 mg/kg), Group II (extract 400 mg/kg), and Group III (extract 600 mg/kg). Urine was collected after 6 hours, followed by electrolyte dosage and the calculation of the percentage of urinary volumetric excretion (%EVU) and the percentage of diuretic activity (%AD). Results: At the sixth hour, the highest average urine volume was observed in Group III (8.63 mL). This group also showed 55.7% EVU. Regarding %AD, Group III presented the highest activity at 113.1%, which was superior to the control group. For electrolyte dosage, the observed differences in K+ and Na+ were not significant, meaning it cannot be asserted that the extract significantly alters these electrolytes, while the Cl- values of the extract groups were comparable to the control group. Conclusions: The hydroalcoholic extract from the dry leaves of Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers. (Carqueja) presented diuretic activity at all three concentrations used.
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Actividad diurética del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas secas de la Persea americana Mill "palta fuerte"
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-05) Bonifaz Monrroy, Nathali Dámariz; Muñiz Mayta, Liseth; Félix Véliz, Luis Miguel Visitación
The present study was conducted with the objective of determining the diuretic activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of dried leaves of Persea americana Mill. “Palta fuerte” in rats. The type of study was experimental and prospective, carried out in the natural products and animal facility laboratories of the Pharmacy and Biochemistry Department at Norbert Wiener University. The sample was collected in the province of Cañete, department of Lima. The hydroalcoholic extract was prepared for solubility testing, phytochemical analysis, and determination of diuretic activity using the Naik et al. method in rats divided into five groups of five each: Group I was the control, Group II received hydrochlorothiazide, and Groups III, IV, and V received doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of the extract. The percentage of urinary volumetric excretion, diuretic activity, and electrolyte quantification (Na⁺, K⁺, and Cl⁻) were calculated. It was determined that the extract is soluble in polar solvents and insoluble in non-polar solvents; the secondary metabolites present were tannins, saponins, phenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The percentages of urinary volumetric excretion were 28%, 30%, and 46% at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively, compared to hydrochlorothiazide which was 49%. The diuretic activity was 81%, 85%, and 95% at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, respectively (p < 0.05); and significant differences were also observed with respect to electrolytes. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the hydroalcoholic extract of the dried leaves of Persea americana Mill. “Palta fuerte” presented moderate diuretic activity.
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Actividad laxante del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Origanum majorana L. “mejorana” en ratones
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-04) Cáceres Milla, Alexander Jesús; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
The objective of this study was to determine the laxative activity of the ethanolic extract of Origanum majorana L. (“marjoram”) in mice. The species was collected in the department of Ayacucho, macerated for seven days, and concentrated using an extraction hood and a Memmert oven at 40 °C until a dry sample was obtained. To analyze intestinal motility, the method described by Vogel et al. was employed, applying the direct observation technique. A total of 48 albino mice of the Balb/C53/CNPB strain, both male and female, were used, with a dose of 300 mg/kg. The extract demonstrated greater laxative activity. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Origanum majorana L. (“marjoram”) exhibits laxative activity when administered orally.
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Actividad sedante y ansiolítico del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Ruta chalepensis L. “ruda” en ratones
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-05) Alvarado Lopez, Lesly Lizeth; Castro Bolaños, Cinthia Melissa; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
Ruta chalepensis L., "Ruda," is a plant widely distributed in the Mediterranean region and used in folk medicine as an antispasmodic, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, emmenagogue, and abortifacient. The plant species was collected in the Lima department, Lurín district, at 1224 m.a.s.l.. In this experimental study, the sedative and anxiolytic effect of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Ruta chalepensis L., "Ruda," was confirmed in mice. A qualitative phytochemical profile was conducted. Subsequently, the study methods began: Sodium Pentobarbital-induced Sleep at different concentrations (100,250, and 500 mg/kg) and the Marble Burying Test at doses of 5,10, and 15 mg/kg. A total of 100 albino Balb/C53 strain mice of both sexes were used and distributed into five groups. It was confirmed that the most effective treatment in the Marble Burying Test was the ethanolic extract of Ruta chalepensis L., 'Ruda,' at 10 and 15 mg/kg, showing an effect superior to diazepam. Regarding the Sodium Pentobarbital-induced Sleep method, the comparison of the extracts versus diazepam indicates that the ethanolic extracts of Ruda at 250 and 500 mg/kg primarily have an effect similar to diazepam. Conclusion: The ethanolic extract from the leaves of Ruta chalepensis L., "Ruda," does possess sedative and anxiolytic activity.
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Efecto analgésico del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Annona muricata (guanábana) en ratones albinos
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-18) Nieto Inca, Roxana Maribel; Torres Veliz, Ernesto Raúl
The research was conducted on the species Annona muricata ("guanábana"), cultivated in the Ancash department. The Objective of this study was to determine the analgesic effect of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Annona muricata "guanábana" in albino mice. Method: The Hot Plate method was employed, using 25 male Mus musculus Balb C53 strain albino mice randomly distributed into five groups of five mice each: Group I (0.9% saline solution), Group II (diclofenac 10 mg/kg body weight), Group III (tramadol 10 mg/kg body weight), and Groups IV and V (ethanolic extracts at doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg) administered via orogastric gavage. The baseline latency time was measured before subjecting the animals to the thermal stimulus, which was evaluated every 30 minutes for 2 hours. Results: An analgesic effect was evidenced at doses of 400 and 600 mg/kg, but the greatest effect was reached with the 600 mg/kg dose at 90 minutes. An analgesic effect was also observed at 60 minutes, with both doses surpassing tramadol. Conclusion: It is concluded that the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Annona muricata "guanábana" has an analgesic effect in albino mice.
Acceso abierto
Efecto gastroprotector del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas frescas de Spinacia oleraceae L. "espinaca" en ratas
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-07-06) Coria Céspedes, Salvattore; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
The objective was to confirm the gastroprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract from the fresh leaves of Spinacia oleraceae L., "Spinach," in rats. Methods: A hydroalcoholic maceration of the fresh leaves of the plant species was performed, yielding a dry extract that underwent solubility testing and qualitative analysis. The antiulcer activity was determined using the Lee 1971 technique, inducing gastric ulcers with naproxen at a dose of 550 mg/kg in Holtzman strain rats. Macroscopic evaluation of the ulcers was done using the Marhuenda scale. The gastroprotective effect was evaluated at doses of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg. Results: The extract was demonstrated to be soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. The qualitative analysis identified the presence of primary and secondary metabolites, such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates, free amino groups, alkaloids, triterpenes, and/or steroids. The most effective treatment was the hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 1000 and 800 mg/kg, showing a 52% and 50% ulcer inhibition percentage, respectively. This compares favorably to the ranitidine and omeprazole standard groups, which obtained 52% and 38% inhibition. Furthermore, the 600 mg/kg dose showed an effect comparable to omeprazole, with a 23% inhibition percentage. The extracts at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg did not show a significant effect. Conclusion: The gastroprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract from the fresh leaves of Spinacia oleraceae L., "Spinach," was confirmed at doses of 1000 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 600 mg/kg.
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Evaluación de la actividad cicatrizante del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Phoradendron peruvianus (Eichler) "tullma" en ratas Holtzman
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-26) Torres Contreras, Ruth; Molina Campos, Sendy Bell; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
Skin lesions are a significant problem today. Wound-healing treatments are often scarce and expensive, so this research aims to encourage the development of natural, accessible, and reliable treatments for the population. The objective was to evaluate the wound-healing activity of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Phoradendron peruvianus (Eichler), 'Tullma,' in Holtzman rats. The study sample was the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Phoradendron peruvianus (Eichler). A total of 48 Holtzman rats were assigned to six work groups. Method: The modified Vaisberg et al. (1989) method for second-intention wounds was adapted and used for this study. Results: According to the diameter of the wound closure on the rats' backs, the group treated with the 5% gel showed a healing activity of 59%. In the histopathological evaluation of the healing tissue, 87.5% of the group treated with the 5% gel showed complete healing, compared to Contractubex, which showed 63%. Conclusion: The extract did show wound-healing activity, both in wound closure and in the histopathological study, with the group treated with the 5% gel showing a higher percentage compared to the positive control.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación de la actividad cicatrizante y toxicidad dérmica del gel a base del extracto etanólico de la corteza de Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth.) Hook. f. ex K. Schum “capirona” en ratas albinas Holtzman
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-12) Gamboa Ortiz, Milagros Ruth; Miranda Rivera, Estefani Samantha; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
The use of medicinal plants is important due to their low cost. Materials and Method: The plant species was collected in Ucayali, Peru. An ethanolic extraction of the bark of Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth) Hook. f. ex Schum. was performed. The wound-healing activity was assessed using the Vaisberg et al. technique, for which three gels based on the plant species were prepared at concentrations of 1,2, and 4%. These were compared with two standard groups: a 10% gel (containing plant strain extract, sodium heparin, and allantoin) named "Contratubex," and a control group. Dermal toxicity was determined using the Contero R technique, where a single oral and dermal dose of 5000 mg/kg of the extract was administered to rats. Results: Qualitative analysis determined that the extract is soluble in distilled water and contains primary and secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids and tannins. Regarding wound-healing activity, the 1% concentration gel achieved the highest healing efficacy of 90%. In the toxicological evaluation, no rat showed dermal toxicity. Conclusion: It was determined that the ethanolic extract from the bark of Calycophyllum spruceanum (Benth) Hook. f. ex Schum. does present wound-healing activity in rats and does not possess dermal toxicity via topical administration.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación del efecto gastroprotector del extracto etanólico de las hojas de Alternanthera lanceolata (Benth.) Schinz. “lancetilla” en ratas Holtzman
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-08-25) Bruno Mingore, Corina Isabel; Chuquiyauri Rua, Roxana; Chávez Flores, Juana Elvira
Peru is a country with vast biodiversity, featuring diverse flora resources to meet human needs; medicinal plants are capable of treating and curing certain human diseases and ailments worldwide. Objective: To evaluate the gastroprotective effect of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Alternanthera lanceolata (Benth) Schinz, 'Lancetilla,' in rats. Methodology: Albino rats were used, divided randomly into 6 groups of 8 animals each. The gastroprotective effect was determined using the Lee method with the Marhuenda scale for evaluation, and an anatomopathological section analysis was also performed. Results: The ethanolic extract from the leaves of Alternanthera lanceolata at a concentration of 600 mg/kg presented the highest gastroprotective effect, obtaining 45.19% mucosal loss, compared to the Ranitidine 300 mg/kg standard, which obtained 50.38% mucosal loss. The anatomopathological sections confirmed the gastroprotective effect by showing only a lesion grade of 1. Conclusion: The gastroprotective effect of the ethanolic extract from the leaves of Alternanthera lanceolata (Benth) Schinz, 'Lancetilla,' at a concentration of 600 mg/kg was confirmed.