Examinando por Materia "Inmunología"

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Acceso abierto
Aplicación de las técnicas de la inmunocitoquímica psa y citoquímica pas para el reconocimiento e identificación de espermatozoides en muestras forenses por violencia sexual en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Soleguren, 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-02-13) García Vásquez, Carlos Hugo; Fox Cortez, Julio Alonso
The main objective of this research is to determine the relationship between the application of the techniques of immunocytochemistry PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen) and cytochemistry PAS (Periodic Acid of Shiff) in the recognition and identification of sperm in forensic samples for sexual violence in the Alberto Sabogal Soleguren National Hospital, 2017. The research is framed within the type of applied research, of nonexperimental design of correlational level since in this case the 2 variable is subjected to two methods, PSA immunocytochemistry and PAS cytochemistry, to determine the presence of sperm microscopically; the first method based on the antibody antigen reaction and a second method based on the chemical composition of the cells where the reaction of the mucopolysaccharides has been carried out: both tests standardized and carried out on positively charged plates From these methodological instruments the present investigation is constituted by 87 samples: 19 swabs vaginal secretion, 2 swabs anal secretion, 2 swabs perianal secretion, 10 intimate garments, 10 toilet paper, 10 sanitary towels, 10 swabs from the body region, 12 cotton fabrics, 12 synthetic fabrics. Subsequently, all the samples were processed in the positively charged sheets for the application of the PSA Immunocytochemistry and PAS Cytochemistry. The evaluation of films was previously validated by expert judgment, for greater rigor and reliability of the research. The statistical program IBM SPSS Statistics versión 24.0. was used for the hypothesis test. Concluding that this research is to provide the application of techniques of recognition of sperm confirmation where the forensic samples related to sexual violence, referred to the crime lab are processed with the study techniques allowing microscopic visualization and identifying the sperm in the minor time spent and with the highest sensitivity and specificity of the product found supporting the expert work of our country.
Acceso abierto
Aplicación del reactivo fosfatasa acida de uso clínico para la determinación de presencia de fluido seminal con fines forenses en el laboratorio clínico H y D salud – 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-03-11) Montenegro Villegas, Fany Yakeliny; Casana Jara, Kelly Milagritos
Sex crimes in our country according to statistical indices are high and are considered a public health problem that needs immediate attention, on the part of the entities that administer justice, using scientific evidence that helps to clarify said crimes, Therefore, we carried out the present investigation that aimed to evaluate the extent to which the acid phosphatase reagent for clinical use detects the presence of seminal fluid for forensic purposes in the Clinical Laboratory H Y D Salud– 2021. Regarding the methodology, is of an applied type, with a quantitative approach and an experimental design since numerical checks and statistical analysis were made to give a possible solution to the problem found through the manipulation of the variables; On the other hand, to collect the data, an observation card was used which was applied to the sample made up of the entire population, that is to say, census sampling, which in this case were 20 samples of seminal fluid in two types of fabric backing (cotton and synthetic). As results, it was obtained that the acid phosphatase reagent for clinical use detects the presence of seminal fluid in stock solution, 1/10 solution, 1/100 solution and 1/1000 solution both in synthetic cloth support and cotton cloth support; On the other hand, it was found that the acid phosphatase reagent for clinical use has significant differences in the detection of the acid phosphatase enzyme on cotton cloth support and on synthetic cloth support evaluated in the different solution groups. Accordingly, it was concluded to affirm the general hypothesis that the acid phosphatase reagent for clinical use detects the presence of seminal fluid for forensic purposes, both on cotton cloth support and on synthetic cloth support.
Acceso abierto
Efectividad de la inmunogenicidad de la vacuna de rotavirus frente a la lactancia materna
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-26) Carlos Acuña, Milagros Esther; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Objetivo: Sistematizar la evidencia sobre la efectividad de la inmunogenicidad de la vacuna de rotavirus frente a la lactancia materna. Metodología/Métodos: Revisión Sistemática observacional y retrospectivo, los artículos se sometieron a una lectura crítica, para identificar su grado de evidencia. Resultados: Se eligieron 10 artículos, el 40% (04) corresponden a Sudáfrica, 20% (02) Europa y Asia, 10% (01) Paquistán, India, México, respectivamente. Se incluyeron 10 estudios, aleatorios. El 90% de artículos, afirman que la inmunogenecidad de la vacuna de rotavirus, puede verse afectada o disminuida por factores de la lactancia materna y la desnutrición. La extensión del efecto depende del título materno de anticuerpos anti-rotavirus en la leche materna, como con títulos más altos encontrados en áreas menos desarrolladas. Con un 10 % de las revisiones, en que se recomendó retener la lactancia materna hasta 1 hora antes y después de la administración, no tuvo respuesta inmune de los lactantes. Conclusiones: Se evidenció que la disminución de la inmunogenicidad de la vacuna de rotavirus podría atribuirse a varios factores, no solo por la lactancia materna; sino por la desnutrición infantil o materna, la enteropatía ambiental, interferencia de los anticuerpos maternos y la presencia de otras infecciones intestinales; debiéndose continuar aun así, con la lactancia materna.