Examinando por Materia "Metanol"

Mostrando 1 - 4 de 4

Acceso abierto
La adulteración y calidad desinfectante del alcohol expendido en oficinas farmacéuticas y otros establecimientos comerciales, Lima – Cercado, setiembre 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-05-19) Vargas Espinal, Maribel Juvenalda; Laureano Peña, Haydee Sonia; Llahuilla Quea, José Antonio
The methodology used consisted of a random probabilistic sampling of 32 samples of 96° ethyl alcohols in 1 L bottles sold in pharmaceutical offices (sample B: 15 samples from drugstores and pharmacies) and other commercial establishments (sample A: 17 samples from small shops, shopping centers, and street vendors). Methanol was identified using the chromotropic acid reaction method. A sensory evaluation was conducted according to Peruvian Technical Standard 211.007:2014. The determination of physicochemical parameters (pH, alcoholic strength, and density) was performed according to the United States Pharmacopeia and Peruvian Technical Standard 319.229:2014. Disinfectant effectiveness was determined in accordance with the UNE-EN 1040 method for chemical antiseptics and disinfectants. The results identified positive methanol results in 13.3% of the B samples and 11.76% of the A samples. The alcoholic strength showed results lower than 96°, with an average of 93 in the B samples and 79 in the A samples. Additionally, the disinfectant effectiveness in the sample with the lowest alcoholic strength for group B showed a bactericidal activity greater than 99.99% at 30 seconds of contact against the microorganisms S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, while for group A, no bactericidal activity was observed.
Acceso abierto
Densidad oligodendroglial en nervio óptico murino por consumo crónico de metanol
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-06-02) Díaz Rudas, José Rafael; Hernández, Palmer; Rivera, María de los Ángeles; Hernández, Harold
La mayoría de bebidas alcohólicas que se consumen en el Perú no cuentan con un registro sanitario; además, presentan componentes diferentes de los previstos en la norma. La adulteración de estas bebidas alcohólicas se evidencia en los niveles altos de etanol y bajos de metanol. El consumo agudo de concentraciones altas de metanol produce daño del nervio óptico y disminución de mielina y oligodendrocitos. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto del consumo crónico de concentraciones bajas de metanol en los oligodendrocitos del nervio óptico. Se utilizaron 60 ratas albinas macho, Rattus norvegicus, cepa Holtzman, edad 8 semanas. Fueron distribuidas aleatoriamente en 5 grupos de 12 ratas albinas cada uno: 1 grupo blanco y 4 grupos experimentales. Se utilizaron bebidas alcohólicas adulteradas: pisco (p), anisado (a) y cognac (c), y bebidas alcohólicas autorizadas: Pisco (P) y Cerveza (C) para elaborar los preparados alcohólicos correspondientes (grupos experimentales): pac, pac+C, Pisco y Pisco+C. La concentración de metanol en las bebidas alcohólicas adulteradas fue de 14,1 mg/100 ml (valor límite 150 mg/100 ml para bebidas destiladas según la Norma Técnica Peruana–Indecopi). El grupo blanco recibió agua ad libitum, y los grupos experimentales, una dosis diaria de 5,06 gramos de etanol/kg de peso corporal por sonda orogástrica. Luego de 12 semanas las ratas albinas fueron sacrificadas por corte medular a nivel cervical; se extrajo y fijó el nervio óptico en formol neutro al 10 %. Posteriormente, se realizó un corte transversal a nivel proximal del nervio óptico y se procedió al estudio histopatológico de los oligodendrocitos, axón y mielina con la coloración de Hematoxilina & Eosina. Se estudió la densidad oligodendroglial con el método estereológico del point counting, no encontrándose una diferencia significativa entre los 5 grupos mediante la prueba HDS Tukey (p=0,290). No existió variación en la densidad oligodendroglial. Se concluye que el consumo crónico de metanol a bajas concentraciones no produce alteración en la densidad oligodendroglial.
Acceso abierto
Efecto antibacteriano del extracto metanólico de las hojas de Nasturtium officinale "berro" sobre cepas de Pseudomona aeruginosa, Escherichia coli y Staphylococcus aureus
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-02-26) Broncano Giraldo, Anali Milagros; Pares Quispe, Lizeth Cristina; Collanque Pinto, Jesús Daniel
The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial effect of the methanolic extract from the leaves of Nasturtium officinale (watercress) on strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 10536, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Methods: The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used. To evaluate the antibacterial effect, 72 Mueller Hinton agar plates were used, divided into four groups for different concentrations. Results: The methanolic extract from the leaves of Nasturtium officinale (watercress) showed antibacterial activity against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strain at various concentrations, unlike Escherichia coli ATCC 10536 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, which showed no antibacterial effect at any concentration. The greatest antibacterial effect was observed at the concentration of 100 mg/ml compared to the other concentrations. Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of the methanolic extract from the leaves of Nasturtium officinale (watercress) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 strains was demonstrated.
Acceso abierto
Identificación de metanol y la concentración del alcohol de 70° en las diferentes marcas comercializadas en el Mercado Central – Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-07) Huamán Ñaupa, Mario Amadeo; Félix Véliz, Luis Miguel Visitación
This study uses a descriptive observational method, a quantitative approach, and an analytical, non-experimental descriptive design. Its objective is to evaluate the presence of methanol and the concentration of alcohol in 70° medicinal alcohol from different brands sold in the central market of Lima in August 2023. The methodology used consisted of a random probabilistic sampling of 20 one-liter samples of 70° medicinal alcohol. These were purchased from both pharmaceutical locations (Sample B: 10 samples from pharmacies and drugstores) and other commercial stores (Sample A: 10 samples from street vendors, shopping centers, and small shops). Methanol was identified using chromotropic acid as a reagent, in accordance with Peruvian Technical Standard (NTP) 211.007:2014 for sensory evaluation. Physicochemical determinations (density, pH, alcohol concentration) were conducted according to the United States Pharmacopeia (UPS) and NTP 211.007:2014. Positive results for methanol were found in 90% of samples from commercial stores and 20% of samples from pharmaceutical locations. The alcohol concentration results were all below 70°, with an average of 59° in commercial stores and 68° in pharmaceutical locations. The study concluded that a significant difference exists in the identification of methanol in 70° medicinal alcohol sold in commercial stores versus pharmaceutical locations. Similarly, there is a significant difference in the alcoholic concentration of the 70° medicinal alcohol sold in these two types of locations in Lima - Cercado, August 2023.