Examinando por Materia "Mortalidad"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 62

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Advantages of the FOUR scale compared to the Glasgow scale in predicting mortality in neurocritical patients.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-25) Achaca Palomino, Raquel Elizabeth; Caballero Ramírez, Jesús Miguel; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the advantages of the FOUR Scale compared to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in predicting mortality in neurocritical patients. Methodology: This is a systematic review of 14 articles from different databases, with the search restricted to full-text articles and using the GRADE system for evaluation. Results: From the systematic review, 50% of the authors report that the FOUR Scale provides a better prediction of mortality and offers a more detailed neurological assessment in coma patients in the ICU, as it can assess intubated patients and those with aphasia, including evaluation of brainstem reflexes and respiration. Another 50% of the reviewed articles suggest that the FOUR Scale can predict hospital mortality as well as the GCS and that both can be used to assess the level of consciousness in neurocritical patients. Conclusion: Both the FOUR Scale and the GCS perform well as predictors of mortality and neurological assessment in neurocritical patients. However, the FOUR Scale offers more advantages by including brainstem reflexes and respiration within its scoring system.
Acceso abierto
Advantages of the FOUR scale compared with the Glasgow scale in the prognosis of mortality in neurocritical patients.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-25) Caballero Ramírez, Jesús Miguel; Achaca Palomino, Raquel Elizabetha; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the advantages of the FOUR scale compared to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in predicting mortality in neurocritical patients. Methodology: This is a systematic review of 14 articles from different databases, with a search restricted to full-text articles, using the GRADE system for evaluation. Results: From the systematic review, 50% of the authors state that FOUR is a scale with better mortality prediction and provides a more detailed neurological evaluation in coma patients in the ICU, as it can assess intubated patients and those with aphasia and includes the evaluation of brainstem reflexes and respiration. The other 50% of the reviewed articles state that the FOUR scale can predict hospital mortality as well as GCS and that both can be used to assess the level of consciousness in neurocritical patients. Conclusion: Both the FOUR scale and the GCS perform well as predictors of mortality and neurological assessment in neurocritical patients. However, FOUR offers more advantages by including brainstem reflexes and respiration within its scoring.
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Asociación entre el tiempo de Hemodiálisis y Mortalidad por COVID-19 en el Hospital Nacional Alberto Sabogal Sologuren, 2020-2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-10-01) Pérez Zárate, Nelsa Analí; Felandro Taco, Gino Fernando
Millones de familias estuvieron de luto a causa de la terrible epidemia que ha provocado el virus SARS CoV2, que ha extendido velozmente en todo el planeta. Asimismo, la enfermedad renal es común en individuos que han contraído la infección de COVID 19, sobre todo dentro del conjunto de pacientes en situación crítica, aquellos con enfermedad renal crónica enfrentan la posibilidad de experimentar complicaciones relacionadas con pandemia debido al debilitamiento de su sistema inmunitario, por lo que es crucial identificar la infección producida por SARS CoV-2 estos individuos, los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Es crucial dar prioridad a la detección de la enfermedad renal en el momento del ingreso a los pacientes COVID-19, ya que las investigaciones han demostrado que esta afección sirve para indicador marcador para evaluar la supervivencia y pronóstico siendo la enfermedad renal aguda se ha relacionado con un peor pronóstico y mayores tasas de letalidad, porque el tratamiento rápido de la insuficiencia renal en individuos que dan positivo en la prueba de COVID-19 mejora la supervivencia.
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Assessment of pain in post-cholecystectomy patients in the surgery service of the Santa Rosa hospital, Lima 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-09-12) Chavez Castillejo, Karin Rosy; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Pain is an unpleasant sensory, subjective and emotional experience associated with a present or potential injury, which, stimulated by multiple procedures, can have negative effects on a series of psychological, hemodynamic, metabolic and neuroendocrine responses that increase the patient's morbidity and mortality. . In this sense, it is necessary to raise awareness among professionals involved in the care of post-operative patients.
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Association of the neutrophil/lymphocyte index with the mortality of covid-19 patients at Hospital II Clínica Geriátrica San Isidro Labrador October 2020 – February 2021. Lima – Peru
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-11-19) Alcarraz Mondalgo, Katherine Ivonne; Huamán Cárdenas, Victor Raul
The neutrophil-lymphocyte index is a hematological marker previously studied for inflammation in various diseases. In COVID-19 infection, the NLR has gained significance for determining severity and predicting mortality in infected patients. This thesis seeks to associate the NLR with the mortality of COVID-19 patients at the San Isidro Labrador Geriatric Clinic, Lima, from October 2020 to February 2021. The study evaluated 180 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, using hematological values to determine the NLR and seek associations using SPSS. It found that 72.8% of deceased patients were male, with an average age of 76.1 years. The odds ratio was calculated, revealing that patients with an NLR >7 had a 9.7 times higher risk of death. The logistic regression analysis found that patients with elevated NLR had 1.5 times higher mortality risk (p: 0.000). It was concluded that NLR is a good predictor of mortality in COVID-19 infected patients.
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Critic review: influence of nutritional status on mortality of renal transplant patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-17) Aguirre Ascate, Elliana Karla; Dávila Córdova, Jennifer Estefania
The kidney transplant patient has better tolerance to foods and culinary preparations, which leads to consuming excess nutrients and energy. Also, remaining immunosuppressed alters the metabolism, causing changes in weight, biochemical indicators and graft, leading to a poor nutritional status. suboptimal which influence mortality. The present secondary research entitled as a critical review: Influence of Nutritional Status on the Mortality of the Kidney Transplant Patient, aimed to demonstrate that the nutritional status influences the mortality of the kidney transplant patient. The clinical question was: Does nutritional status influence the mortality of kidney transplant recipients? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in PUBMED, SCIELO, SCOPUS, SCIENCE DIRECT, finding 61 articles, 12 being selected that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, selecting the systematic review and meta-analysis titled “Body Mass Index and Mortality in Renal Transplant Recipients: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis”, which has a BI level of evidence and Strong Recommendation Degree, according to the researcher's expertise. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that nutritional status influences the mortality of kidney transplant recipients.
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Critical review: Effect of omega-3 supplementation on clinical outcomes in critically ill adult patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-04-17) Peña Zúñiga, Pilar; Ponce Castillo, Diana Antonia
Early nutritional intervention in critically ill patients has shown several benefits, including reduced complications and improved clinical outcomes in patients at nutritional risk. This secondary research, titled "Critical Review: Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation on Clinical Outcomes in Adult Critically Ill Patients," aimed to investigate the benefits of omega-3 supplementation in critically ill adults. The clinical question was: What is the effect of omega-3 supplementation on clinical outcomes (mortality and hospital stay) in critically ill adult patients? Evidence-based nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The search for information was conducted in PUBMED, BIBLIOTECA VIRTUAL EN SALUD, COCHRANE LIBRARY, SEVIER, DYNAMED, SPRINGER, WILEY ONLINE LIBRARY, KARGER, with 43 articles found, and 10 were selected for critical reading evaluation using the CASPE tool. The randomized clinical trial titled "The Effect of Omega-3 Supplementation on Clinical and Biochemical Parameters in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial" was selected. The critical commentary concluded that omega-3 supplementation could have beneficial effects on the immune system of patients with viral infections and improve several parameters of respiratory and renal function in critically ill COVID-19 patients. However, further clinical studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Critical review: impact of obesity on the inflammatory response and morbidity and mortality of patients with Covid-19
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-11-11) De La Cruz Loayza, Corina Amparo; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that affects humans by having the ability to bind to the cells of the nasal epithelium, the bronchial epithelium and the functional unit of the lung, the pneumocyte. This coupling is through the spike protein. Likewise, obesity, like COVID-19, has been considered a pandemic. The Evidence-Based Nutrition methodology was applied, through its 5 principles, a search was carried out on five. The information search was carried out in Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Pubmed/Medline and Science Direct, of which 16 were selected for analysis through the CASPe critical reading evaluation. The selected article is titled: “Obesity aggravates COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis”, obtained an IA level of evidence as a critical reading rating and a strong recommendation grade due to its methodology. According to the selected article, patients with severe COVID19 have a higher body mass index than non-severe patients; Likewise, they were more affected and had a worse outcome than those who did not have obesity, which is why this condition can aggravate COVID-19.
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Critical Review: Impact of Sarcopenia on Gynecological Cancer Mortality
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-02-09) Alvarado Alvarado, Zarith de Jesús; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
Epithelial ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of all gynecological cancers in the Western world. Likewise, muscle loss appears to be a negative prognostic factor also in gynecologic oncology in terms of survival and treatment success. Lower progression-free and overall survival have been reported in early and metastatic breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Therefore, the present review aimed to understand the impact of sarcopenia on the prognosis of patients with gynecological cancer. The principles of evidence-based nutrition were applied. A systematic search was carried out in 5 databases, Scopus, WOS, Pubmed, Embase and Science Direct, from the last 5 years, which allow us to answer the research question. After the selection of articles, they were evaluated through a critical reading tool to determine the degree of recommendation and level of evidence. Finally, the article with the highest degree of evidence allows us to indicate that adequate muscle mass or muscle attenuation is statistically associated with the 3- and 5-year survival ratio in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Driving pressure y mortalidad en insuficiencia respiratoria aguda por Sars Cov 2 en UCI de un hospital de Lima 2021.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-03-04) Muñoz Ybañez, David Martin; Chero Pisfil, Santos Lucio
Según la OMS de las personas con covid-19, el 14% presenta un cuadro grave que requiere hospitalización, oxigenoterapia, y el 5% tiene que ser ingresado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos; los casos pueden complicarse por el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda SDRA, choque septicémico, fallo multiorgánico y lesiones cardíacas. La edad avanzada y la presencia de comorbilidades se han citado como factores de riesgo de fallecimiento y la complicación con este síndrome. En los pacientes que presentan SDRA moderado o grave se recomienda aplicar una presión espiratoria positiva (PEEP) alta en lugar de baja. En los casos de covid-19 se debe ajustar la PEEP individualmente y que se debe monitorizar al paciente con la finalidad de vigilar la presión de distensión. Al ajustar la PEEP se debe tener en cuenta los beneficios como (reducción del atelectrauma y la mejora del reclutamiento alveolar), los riesgos (sobre distensión alveolar que lesionan los pulmones y el aumento de la resistencia vascular pulmonar). La PEEP máxima debe ser de 15cm h2o. Aunque es probable que los pacientes que presentan SDRA tienen una alta presión de distensión (presión meseta − PEEP) se pronostica con mayor precisión el aumento de la posibilidad de defunción en comparación con el volumen corriente o una presión estable, por ello es la necesidad de los estudios relativos en las estrategias de ventilación centradas en la presión de distensión.
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Effectiveness in managing polytrauma patients to prevent mortality in the emergency department
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-16) Jaque Flores, Elizabeth Erika; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Objective: Systematize the effectiveness in the management of polytraumatized patients for the prevention of mortality in the emergency department. Material and Methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, which analyzes the results of multiple controlled clinical trials that are the original primary studies. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice, the search for evidence is developed systematically with selection criteria, articles with full text have been restricted and The selected articles were subjected to critical reading. In the final selection, ten articles were chosen. It is observed that the origin of the evidence found must indicate that; 50% (5/10) corresponds to the USA, 20% (2/10) corresponds to Brazil, and 30% (3/10) corresponds to China, Mexico and Iran respectively. Results: According to the results obtained, it can be observed that of the total of 10 articles reviewed, 100% demonstrate the effectiveness in the management of polytraumatized patients for the prevention of mortality in the emergency department. Conclusions: 10 of 10 (10/10) articles studied conclude that the management of polytraumatized patients is effective for the prevention of mortality in the emergency department.
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Effectiveness of conventional ventilation versus high-frequency oscillatory ventilation to reduce mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-16) Saavedra Maquin, Doris Nancy; Isidro Valerio, Danitza Lida; Pérez Siguas, Rosa Eva
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of conventional ventilation versus high-frequency oscillatory ventilation to reduce mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Material and Methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, subjected to critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in the following databases: Epistemonikos, Scielo, Sciencedirect, Pubmed, Researchgate. According to the results obtained from the systematic review carried out in the present study, shown in the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 90% being of high quality and 10% of medium quality as described below: 80% (n= 8/ 10) are meta-analyses, 10% (n= 1/10) is a systematic review and 10% (n= 1/10) is a randomized controlled trial and come from the countries from China (40%), followed by Canada (40%), India (10%) and England (10%). Results: 70% of the articles indicate that conventional ventilation is more effective than high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in reducing mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. 30% of the articles indicate that high-frequency oscillatory ventilation is more effective compared to conventional ventilation in reducing mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: conventional ventilation is effective in reducing mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Effectiveness of early administration of antibiotic therapy to decrease mortality in patients with severe sepsis in emergency.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-07) Causillas Acevedo, Fraxides; Medina Julon, Luz Anita; Uturunco Vera, Milagros Lizbeth
Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), approximately 31 million people suffer from an episode of sepsis each year. Of these, approximately 6 million people die from sepsis. In low- and middle-income countries, the burden of sepsis is higher and represents one of the main causes of maternal and neonatal death. (5) In Peru, there are no systematized national epidemiological data on morbidity and mortality associated with sepsis. In primary studies carried out in different hospitals in Peru, it was determined that the mortality rate associated with sepsis varies from 25.3% to 40%, increasing according to the risk factors associated with each population studied.(6)
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Effectiveness of early goal-directed therapy compared to usual care to reduce mortality in patients with severe sepsis in critical units
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-01) Méndez Altamirano, Iraida; Jáuregui Mendoza, Javier Enrique; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of early goal-directed therapy compared to usual care to reduce mortality in patients with severe sepsis in critical units. Material and Methods: retrospective, quantitative observational systematic review, subject to critical analysis, using the Grade evaluation system, located in the database: Sciencedirect, PubMed, Researchgate, Epistemonikos and Scielo. Of 10 articles selected and systematically reviewed, 100% are of high quality as described: 90% are meta-analysis, 10% are systematic review. The results of the systematic review carried out in the research are from the countries of China, Italy, Iran, Korea and the United States. Results: Of the evidence found, 70% indicate that early goal-directed therapy is more effective than usual care in reducing mortality in patients with severe sepsis in critical units while 30% indicate the opposite. Conclusions: In 7 of the 10 articles reviewed it is evident that early goal-directed therapy is effective in reducing mortality in patients with severe sepsis in critical units. On the other hand, 3 of the 10 articles reviewed point out the opposite.
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Effectiveness of early goal-directed therapy versus usual care to reduce mortality in patients with severe sepsis
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-02-17) Ramírez Carrasco, Aydeé; Vergara Guerra, Cynthia; Remuzgo Artezano, Anika
Material and Methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, with critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation method in order to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in several databases: Scielo, PubMed, Sciencedirect, Epistemonikos, Researchgate. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed: 90% (n= 9/10) are meta-analyses, 10% (n= 1/10) are randomized controlled trials and were carried out in the countries of China (40%), then the United States. United States (20%), England (20%), Italy (10%) and Iran (10%). Results: 60% indicate that early goal-directed therapy is similar in effectiveness to usual care in reducing mortality in patients with severe sepsis. 40% indicate that early goal-directed therapy is more effective than usual care in reducing mortality in cases of severe sepsis. Conclusion: Early goal-directed therapy has similar efficacy to usual care in reducing mortality in cases of severe sepsis.
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Effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in reducing hospital readmissions and/or mortality in adult patients with heart failure
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-22) Rodas Correa, Isis Yohani; Romani Vila, Maribel Juana; Matta Solis, Eduardo Percy
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in reducing hospital readmissions and/or mortality in adult patients with heart failure. Materials and methods: A search was carried out for systematic reviews that are the reference standard for the synthesis of health evidence. The population was made up of 20 articles, of which through selection criteria such as: Evidence no older than 10 years, the degree of evidence of medium or high quality of which 10 articles were chosen that contain the main premises of the problem. in study. Results: The present systematic review consists of 10 scientific evidence linked to the effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in reducing hospital readmissions and/or mortality in adult patients with heart failure. Of the 10 articles reviewed, 70% are systematic reviews. and 30% is a systematic review and meta - analysis. 100% of the evidence is of high quality. According to the country of origin, 70% of the evidence comes from the United Kingdom and 30% from Spain. In this sense, 80% demonstrate the effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in reducing hospital readmissions as well as long-term mortality in adult patients with HF. 20% do not show effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in reducing hospital readmissions and/or mortality in adult patients with HF. Conclusions: 80% (n= 8/10) evidence the effectiveness of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in reducing hospital readmissions as well as long-term mortality in adult patients with heart failure.
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Effectiveness of helicopter emergency transport services compared to ground transport in reducing mortality in patients with severe trauma
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-06-30) Paucar Ccama, Yaned; Remache Tucno, Maria Magdalena; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Material and Methods: Systematic review, subjected to analytical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to recognize the level of evidence of articles published in the following databases: Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Epistemonikos, Scielo, Researchgate. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 50% are of high quality and 50% of moderate quality as described below: 30% (n= 3/10) are systematic reviews, 20% (n= 2/10) are systematic reviews. They are randomized controlled trials and 50% (n= 5/10) are cohort studies and belong to the countries of the United States (50%), followed by Japan (20%), England (10%), Korea (10%) and Germany (10%). Results: 100% (n=10/10) that the helicopter emergency transportation service is effective compared to the ground transportation service in reducing mortality in patients with severe trauma. Conclusion: the emergency helicopter transport service is effective in reducing mortality in patients with severe trauma.
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Effectiveness of kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular disease mortality
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-26) Cáceres Tica, Reyna Isabel; Lazo Rojas, María Angélica; Matta Solis, Hernán Hugo
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular mortality. Methodology: This is an observational and retrospective systematic review. The search was restricted to full-text articles, which were critically read and evaluated using the GRADE system to identify their evidence grade. The articles reviewed came from Canada (30%), the United States (20%), India (20%), Australia (10%), Turkey (10%), and Taiwan (10%). All the articles reviewed were systematic reviews. Results: According to the findings of the reviewed studies, 100% show that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: The systematic review shows that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Early detection and follow-up for better long-term management of morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease, reduces health costs for both the patient and the institution, and helps identify the disease early to take immediate action to reverse progression and cardiovascular mortality.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular disease mortality
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-26) Cáceres Tica, Reyna Isabel; Lazo Rojas, María Angélica; Matta Solis, Hernán Hugo
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular mortality. Methodology: This is an observational and retrospective systematic review. The search was restricted to full-text articles, which were critically read and evaluated using the GRADE system to identify their evidence grade. The articles reviewed came from Canada (30%), the United States (20%), India (20%), Australia (10%), Turkey (10%), and Taiwan (10%). All the articles reviewed were systematic reviews. Results: According to the findings of the reviewed studies, 100% show that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: The systematic review shows that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Early detection and follow-up for better long-term management of morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease, reduces health costs for both the patient and the institution, and helps identify the disease early to take immediate action to reverse progression and cardiovascular mortality.
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Effectiveness of kidney transplantation in obese recipients with end-stage chronic kidney disease
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-08-05) Angel Torres, Jackelin Erika; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of kidney transplantation in obese recipients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. Materials and Methods: This is a systematic review of 10 scientific articles found in the following databases: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation, Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, BMC Medicine, Pubmed, Journal of Renal Nutrition, Annals of Surgery, and the American Journal of Transplantation. 40% are Systematic Reviews and 60% are cohort studies. Results: 70% (n = 70/10) of the evidence indicates that obese recipients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have similar survival rates to non-obese patients after kidney transplantation. Additionally, 30% (n = 30/10) of the evidence suggests that obese recipients have lower survival rates compared to non-obese ESRD patients following kidney transplantation. Conclusion: Obese recipients with end-stage renal disease have similar patient and graft survival rates as non-obese patients following kidney transplantation.