Examinando por Materia "Parto"

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Apgar test and psychomotor development of the child from 12 to 30 months of age who attends the José Hernán Soto Hospital Cadenillas de Chota, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-04) Tenorio Carranza, Jorge Romain; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Introduction. The first years of life are crucial, which is why research currently affirms that problems in adulthood originate in the first stages of life. The Apgar test measures the adaptation and vitality of the newborn after birth. Objective: Determine the relationship between the Apgar test scores at the first and fifth minute of life and the psychomotor development of the child from 12 to 30 months of age who attends the José Hernán Soto Hospital Cadenillas de Chota 2022. Materials and methods: Research with quantitative approach, non-experimental or observational design, transversal -retrospective. The population will be made up of 111 children between 12 and 30 months old attended in the 2022 growth and development clinic. The sample will be probabilistic and will be made up of 86 children. The STATS TM 2.0 program will be used to determine the sample. The technique to be used is documentary analysis for the Apgar Test and the Peruvian Child Development Assessment Test for psychomotor development, subsequently a base will be developed with the SPSS-V25 statistical program, the data analysis will be carried out using descriptive statistics, allowing an inferential analysis to be carried out that establishes the relationship of the variables; To contrast the statements, Perason's chi-square will be used.
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Characteristics of postpartum haemorrage in Perú according to the evidence
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-08-28) Herrera Zelada, Liliana Yesenia; Caldas Herrera, Maria Evelina
Objective: Determine the scientific evidence on the characteristics of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in Peru. Material and Methods: A qualitative narrative review was conducted, including articles published in indexed journals such as Redalyc, Scielo, and Elsevier. A total of 22 articles met the rigor criteria. Results: According to clinical evidence, 41% of women over 35 years old developed PPH, while 55% of those with fewer than six prenatal checkups also experienced PPH. The main pathological conditions associated with PPH were uterine atony (12%), retained membranes (8%), cervical laceration (4%), coagulation disorders (5%), history of PPH (7%), anemia (11%), uterine rupture (2%), and preeclampsia (3%). Conclusions: Scientific evidence indicates clinical and pathological characteristics that contribute to the development of postpartum hemorrhage.
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Characterization of retinopathy of prematurity in a perinatal maternal hospital, Lima 2017-2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-30) Espinoza Palomino, Yajahyda Yuliza; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Objective: Describe the characteristics of retinopathy of prematurity at a Maternal Perinatal Hospital in Lima during the period 2017-2019. Method: The present investigation has a quantitative approach, in terms of the methodological design it is a descriptive investigation, with the documentary analysis technique and the instrument of the data capture sheet, information was collected from the clinical records. Results: The characteristics were, the predominance of the male sex of the newborn with 60%, due to the type of delivery that the mother had, mostly delivery by cesarean section with 60%, mothers who had chorioamnionitis in 60%, due to the birth weight less than 1000 g in 40%, requirement for oxygen therapy with 60%, those who presented neonatal sepsis in 80%, according to the type of pregnancy single in 92%, gestational age less than 32 weeks with 72%, as for respiratory distress syndrome and intrauterine growth retardation, their percentages are less than 20%. Conclusion: The most important characterizations were: predominantly male gender, cesarean delivery, birth weight less than 1000g, oxygen therapy requirement, neonatal sepsis, type of singleton gestation, gestational age less than 32 weeks, mothers who presented chorioamnionitis, these characteristics being the most relevant and of great significance, they are possible risk factors for developing the disease.
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Determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants who attend the growth and development clinic at the Viña San Francisco health post, Santa Anita district, Lima 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-20) Villamar Arce, Sheila Yallily; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that anemia affects around 800 million children and women in the world. In Peru, iron deficiency anemia is a serious public health problem affecting 46.6% of children. children at very early ages between 6 months and the first year of life, this situation being the same as that observed in the growth and development clinic of the Viña San Francisco health facility in the Santa Anita district, where the percentage of Anemia in 6-month-old infants reaches 39.8%, a figure that remains high in the first half of 2019 despite the health intervention strategies carried out to reduce cases of anemia in the target population. Objective: Describe the determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants. Method: The study has a quantitative approach, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective, presenting a single main variable, the techniques used were documentary analysis and the interview and the instruments used were the monitoring sheet and the questionnaire applied to the mothers of 6-month-old infants with anemia, the population being the total number of infants, which was 27, constituting a census. Results: During the study period, it was identified that, of the total number of infants with anemia, 70.3% had mild anemia, 25.9% had moderate anemia and 3.7% had severe anemia, with the female sex prevailing with 59.2%. Regarding the determining factors of anemia, present: 25.9% of mothers had a history of anemia during pregnancy, it was identified that 85.1% of infants received iron supplementation at the health facility with timely initiation of the supplement and of them 51.7% consumed it in less than 2 months and 56.5% did not consume it daily, with poor adherence to prophylactic treatment. Regarding the type of feeding, 51.8% of the infants did not receive exclusive breastfeeding, its varieties being mixed, artificial breastfeeding and consumption of cow's milk. 1 infant with a history of prematurity and 2 infants with low birth weight were identified; however, none received prophylactic iron supplementation. 55.5% of infants had their complete vaccination for their age, 70.3% of infants did not have complete growth and development controls for their age. In relation to prevalent diseases, 44.4% of infants with anemia presented diarrheal disease and respiratory infections and of them 3 infants were hospitalized. It has been identified that more than 70% of mothers of infants are unaware of the consequences of anemia during pregnancy, the irreversible effects suffered by the child with anemia in their adult life and the areas of psychomotor development that are affected in the child. with anemia. Conclusions: From the results obtained, it is concluded that the majority of infants in the study had mild or slight anemia, with a predominance of the female sex. A good percentage of the infants began iron supplementation in a timely manner at the health facility. However, More than half of them did not comply with the treatment on a regular basis, identifying difficulties in adherence to treatment. Likewise, infants with a history of prematurity and low birth weight were found who did not receive supplementation despite being infants with a risk factor for anemia, it was found that half of the infants with anemia did not receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, being essential for the prevention of the disease, there is non-compliance with the vaccination schedule and growth and development controls in the infants under study, conditioning the risk of suffering from prevalent diseases such as diarrhea and respiratory infections, as is the case, and at the same time losing the possibility of receiving growth controls and timely nutritional evaluation, it has also been identified that most of mothers interviewed, are unaware of the consequences of anemia in children, which could lead to non-compliance with basic nutritional care in the infant by parents from conception.
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Early contact of the newborn in the neonatology service, in a maternal and child center, Lima 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-23) Gutierrez Muñante, Lizbeth Del Rosario; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Early contact between mother and child creates and promotes the emotional bond, continuously increasing maternal self-esteem, reducing anxiety, improving the feeling of acceptance in the new role and satisfaction during the birth process, therefore, it is essential in the development and survival of the newborn. That is why the objective of this research is; determine the level of early contact of the newborn in the neonatology service in a maternal and child center, Lima, 2019. Regarding the study methodology, the type is descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental design, we will work with a population of 92 mothers, also being a minimum amount, we will work with the 92 mothers as a sample. Regarding the instruments, an observation sheet consisting of 14 items will be used. In the data analysis, the statistical programs Excell 2013 and Spss with version 25.0 will be used to prepare frequency tables and bar graphs for the presentation of results, thereby providing the conclusions and recommendations of the case. .
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Emergency obstetric psychoprophylaxis during labor in primigravida women without prenatal care at Hospital Cayetano Heredia
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-09-09) Rubio Peralta, Flor de María; Morales Alvarado, Sabrina Ynés
The present clinical case is the application of Emergency Obstetric Psychoprophylaxis (EPO – EM) in a pregnant woman without preparation for Obstetric Psychoprophylaxis and without prenatal control, its application being essential to conclude with good results for the mother and her baby, during labor. labor, delivery and the puerperium. The intervention of the obstetrician in the preparation of Emergency Obstetric Psychoprophylaxis allowed for a favorable change in attitude and behavior in the pregnant woman, making this process a pleasant, healthy experience and, above all, contributing to reducing complications; such as fetal suffering due to poor respiratory technique, managing to improve the adequate oxygen supply to the baby, avoiding maternal exhaustion; applying the appropriate knowledge and techniques aimed at improving the physical and psychological state of the pregnant woman in the period of dilation, labor, delivery and subsequently postpartum care. This will achieve the goal of a birth without complications, with the well-being of the mother and her newborn together with the family environment.
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Factores asociados al inicio temprano de lactancia materna en mujeres del Perú, 2020.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-08-08) Ortiz Romaní, Katherine Jenny; Loayza Alarico, Manuel Jesús
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los factores que se asocian con el inicio temprano de la lactancia materna en mujeres de 12 a 49 años del Perú durante el año 2020. La investigación fue observacional, siguió un enfoque cuantitativo y tuvo un alcance explicativo a través de un análisis secundario de datos de la Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar. La muestra efectiva fue de 8088 mujeres y sus hijos menores de dos años. La frecuencia del Inicio temprano de lactancia materna fue 49.6%. Los factores asociados al inicio temprano de la lactancia fueron tener dos hijos (ORa: 1.35; p=0.017), proceder de la región sierra (ORa: 1.74; p=0.017) y selva (ORa: 1.77; p=0.017), peso del hijo ≥2500 (ORa: 1.93; p= 0.001), contacto piel a piel (ORa: 2.13; p=<0.001) y no tener parto por cesárea (ORa: 9.30; p=<0.001). En conclusión, menos de la mitad de las mujeres amamantó a su hijo antes de la primera hora de vida. Los factores asociados al Inicio temprano de lactancia son número de hijos, región, contacto piel a piel, peso al nacer y parto por cesárea.
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Factors associated with intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Bernabe Ponte, Corina; Miranda Palomino, Rosa Angélica; Avila Vargas Machuca, Jeannette Giselle
Methodology: Systematic review of 10 articles, we found that 20% (02) correspond to Peru, with 80% (08) correspond to Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Spain, Poland, China, Iran, Pakistan and Nigeria. All of them mostly represent quantitative case-control studies with 80%. Likewise, a systematic review was found published in Saudi Arabia (10%) and we also have a cross-sectional quantitative study (10%) belonging to Nigeria. Results: The factors associated with intraventricular hemorrhage are low birth weight and lower gestational age. They also mention as factors associated with the male sex, weight less than 1000 g, Apgar score less than 6 at five minutes, necrotizing enterocolitis, complications of ventilatory support, invasive procedures such as orotracheal intubation, resuscitation due to asphyxiation, chorioamnionitis, respiratory disease. , distress syndrome, hypotension and multiple birth; They are factors associated with developing intraventricular hemorrhage Conclusions: According to everything mentioned above, corresponding to 100% of the articles analyzed, it is concluded that they are factors associated with intraventricular hemorrhage in neonates.
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Gender-based violence and postpartum depression in postpartum women attended at María Auxiliadora Hospital, 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-10-03) Flores Santamaria, Jahaira Anali; Zumaeta Tuesta, Joshelin Kattherine; Salcedo Suárez, Katty Leticia
In the present study, a methodology is used to determine the sociodemographic, cultural, and economic characteristics of women over 18 years old who had an abortion at the Hipólito Unanue National Hospital between January and October of 2015. It was revealed that the sociodemographic characteristics include: early age, cohabiting marital status, secondary education level, currently working, being from the coastal region, residing in El Agustino, and experiencing psychological family pressure due to economic instability. Additionally, the cultural characteristics highlighted include: machismo, due to the lack of partner participation in household chores, a situation unfortunately justified by the respondents; and the Catholic religion, which most respondents profess. Finally, the most notable economic characteristics are: a monthly income between 600 and 1000 soles, monthly expenses less than 600 soles, three people living in the household, no economic dependency, two family members contributing to household expenses, and living in a brick-built house. Keywords: Abortion, Sociodemographic Characteristics, Cultural Characteristics, Economic Characteristics
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Haematological repercussions due to the effect of umbilical cord clamping time during delivery in newborns from 2017 - 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-11) Luyo Tolentino, Carol Regina; Benites Vidal, Elvira Soledad
Objective: To identify hematological repercussions due to the umbilical cord clamping time during childbirth in newborns from 2017-2022. Design: This study is a qualitative, descriptive review of publications without statistical analysis. Study scope: A compilation of articles published in PubMed, LILACS, and DOAJ from 2017-2022 was carried out. Study subjects: 30 indexed journal articles within a five-year interval were considered. Instrumentation: The GRADE system was used. Results: 20% of the evidence reported hematological consequences such as high rates of postpartum hemorrhage and hyperbilirubinemia. Likewise, delayed clamping was associated with reduced blood gas levels in the cord. 16.6% reported anemia due to early clamping. There was no significant difference between delayed and early clamping regarding maternal blood loss and necrotizing enterocolitis. 76.6% demonstrated that delayed clamping is more beneficial for newborns, as it reduced hospital mortality and improved hematological status. Conclusions: Delayed clamping is more beneficial for newborns as it improves iron reserves in the first months of life, while early clamping should be justified.
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Knowledge and application of biosafety measures by nursing staff in the delivery room
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Alvarado Aguilar, Rocío Karina; Rimac Rios, Marisol Evelyn; Mendigure Fernández, Julio
Objective: Analyze and synthesize the results of the systematic review of the studies carried out regarding the level of knowledge and application of the biosafety measures by the health team during childbirth care of the users who enter the Delivery Room. Material and Method: It is a Systematic review of articles whose search has been restricted to articles with full text, the same ones that were subjected to a critical reading. Results: According to the results obtained from the systematic review, show that of the total of 16 articles reviewed, the level of knowledge is high which represents 92.6% (n=13/14) while the non-application of the biosafety standards represent 64.2% (n=09/14). Conclusion: It was evident in the research reviewed that the personnel of Nursing has a high level of knowledge, however it has a low level of application regarding compliance with biosafety measures in the room of births.
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Maternal factors related to fetal macrosomia in parturient women attended at the Hospital de Huaycán during the year 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-26) Paccori Yanac, Leonor Vanesa; Sanz Ramirez, Ana María
Objective: To determine the maternal factors associated with fetal macrosomia in parturients attended at the Huaycán Hospital in 2019. Methodology: This was a correlational, cross-sectional, retrospective study. The sample consisted of 147 medical records of postpartum women with macrosomic newborns, analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). Results: Maternal age (r=0.17) was associated with adulthood in 67% of cases, pre-pregnancy BMI (r=0.19) with overweight in 42%, educational level (r=0.11) with secondary education, history of macrosomic fetus (r=0.19), maternal parity (r=0.18) with multiparity in 50%, number of prenatal checkups (r=0.07), excessive weight gain (r=0.02), gestational age (r=0.005), mode of delivery (r=0.17), and history of diabetes mellitus (r=0.10) showed significant correlations. Conclusions: The study concluded that the maternal factors analyzed had a low but positive significant correlation with fetal macrosomia. Maternal age (20–34 years), pre-pregnancy BMI (overweight >25 kg/m²), multiparity, and excessive weight gain showed the highest prevalence in fetal macrosomia.
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Maternal-neonatal benefits of obstetric psychoprophylaxis.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-01-27) Tapia Vilchez, Paola; Alfaro Fernández, Paul Rubén
Objective: To identify the scientific evidence on the maternal and neonatal benefits of Obstetric Psychoprofilaxis. Methodology: Bibliographic review, qualitative and retrospective. Articles reviewed from 2011 to 2020, sourced from BASE, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. The final sample consisted of 13 original experimental articles with a high GRADE score. Results: Benefits of Obstetric Psychoprofilaxis for the mother: decreased postpartum depression and stress, reduced fear and anxiety, lower use of analgesia, reduced pain, lower emergency cesarean rate, reduced healthcare system costs, spontaneous onset of labor, shorter dilation and expulsion stages, higher vaginal delivery rate, no episiotomy, improved childbirth satisfaction, psychosocial support from a companion, appropriate weight for the mother, decreased blood pressure, increased manual pressure strength, decreased plasma flow, increased ischiocural flexibility, decreased dorsal kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. Benefits for the newborn: appropriate birth weight, early initiation of breastfeeding, APGAR score between 8 and 10. Conclusions: This bibliographic review shows that Obstetric Psychoprofilaxis has various benefits for both the mother and the newborn, making its recommendation safe and evidence-based.
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Maternal-neonatal complications in patients with vaginal delivery after a previous cesarean section at María Auxiliadora Hospital in 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-08-21) Espino Felipa, Elda Johanna; Caldas Herrera, Maria Evelina
Material and Method: This was a descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study. Medical records of 91 patients who had a vaginal delivery after a previous cesarean section in a prior pregnancy were reviewed. Results: Regarding sociodemographic factors, the predominant age group was 25-29 years (31%), 75% had completed secondary education, 94% were housewives, 75% cohabited with their partner, 98% had a history of a previous cesarean section, and 36% were primiparous. Regarding maternal complications, 59% had no complications, while 31% experienced perineal tears, which was the most frequent complication. Among neonatal complications, 92% had no complications. Conclusions: Maternal and neonatal complications in patients undergoing vaginal delivery after a previous cesarean section at Hospital María Auxiliadora included perineal tears, postpartum hemorrhage, and retained placental remnants, with the latter two occurring less frequently. Neonatal complications included low birth weight, low APGAR scores, neonatal death, and acute fetal distress, but 92% of cases had no neonatal complications.
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Placental insertion anomaly as a cause of postpartum hemorrhage managed in a level III-2 health facility in July 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-02-20) Quispe Canorio, Angela Idania; Yarihuamán León, Katty Kelyn; Sanz Ramirez, Ana María
A clinical case is presented of a 35-year-old second digestive tract, with 36 weeks of gestational age, with a diagnosis of placental accreta of the percreta variety with infiltration to the bladder wall; and with a history of a previous cesarean section, 6 years ago. The risk factors present were: advanced maternal age, multiparity and previous cesarean section. The pregnant woman underwent an elective cesarean section which was complicated intraoperatively with severe hemorrhage greater than 2000 ml due to placenta percreta with trophoblastic infiltration towards the bladder wall, which forced an immediate decision to perform a total hysterectomy and bladder suture. A live newborn was obtained with a normal Apgar score and adequate weight for gestational age. Patient progresses favorably with a patent Foley catheter and antibiotic therapy coverage. He was discharged from the hospital on the 14th postoperative day.
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Relationship between the level of knowledge and attitude towards vertical birth in pregnant women treated at the José Carlos Mariátegui maternal and child center in Villa María del Triunfo, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-26) Carbonel Castillo, Romina Steffany; Arone Palomino, Susana Filomena
Peru is considered a multicultural country, with varied and different customs rooted in each community, having a relationship with each other. If necessary, the Ministry of Health, among other organizations, has been working together with health personnel to respect and put into practice, at the rural and urban level, their customs, beliefs and rights. Today, there are guidelines to facilitate intercultural adaptation and relevance, as well as assertive transmission through the constant training of Doctors and Obstetricians, to provide appropriate care and information to pregnant women in our country. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the relationship that exists between the level of knowledge and attitudes of vertical birth in pregnant women treated at the José Carlos Mariátegui Maternal and Child Center, 2023. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Correlational, quantitative study, non-experimental design of cross section. The population was made up of 120 pregnant women. The information was obtained through surveys that were divided into 4 parts: knowledge of vertical birth, attitude of pregnant women towards vertical birth, obstetric and sociodemographic data in 21 open questions adapted to the Estanones scale. RESULTS: Data from 120 pregnant women between 18 and 37 years of age from the José Carlos Mariátegui Maternal and Child Center were analyzed. In this study, it was found that 64 (53%) of these. They presented a medium level of knowledge, 72 (60%) of them obtained a regular attitude, which certified a characteristic relationship according to the Rho equal to 0.864 between knowledge and the attitude of the pregnant women. CONCLUSION: Consequently, a high and directly proportional relationship was observed between the level of knowledge and attitudes towards vertical birth in the women attended at the José Carlos Mariátegui Maternal and Child Center.
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RESULTADOS DE LA CARDIOTOCOGRAFIA EN RELACION A DISTOCIA FUNICULAR, CONDICION DEL RECIEN NACIDO Y TIPO DE PARTO EN EL HOSPITAL REGIONAL DOCENTE “LAS MERCEDES” DE CHICLAYO EN EL AÑO 2016-2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-23) Vidaurre Cortez, Giovanna; Huaman Elera, Jose Manuel
MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, prospectivo, longitudinal, analítico. La muestra fue obtenida por muestreo no probabilístico o por conveniencia. Se recolectó información de la revisión de historias clínicas. La prueba estadística utilizada fue el chi cuadrado. RESULTADOS: Las características maternas sociodemográficas de mayor porcentaje fueron edad adulta, grado de instrucción secundaria, nulíparas y gestación a término. La presencia de distocia funicular registró línea de base normal, variabilidad silente (7,2%), ausencia de aceleraciones (46,4%), desaceleraciones variables (43,5%), movimientos fetales presentes; el resultado del test no estresante reactivo fue 62,8% y test estresante positivo no reactivo 30,8%. Lo más frecuente fue líquido amniótico claro, circular simple de cordón, rechazable y ubicado en el cuello del recién nacido. El mayor porcentaje de parto fue por cesárea. Los recién nacidos con apgar 7 a 10 al minuto y distocia funicular tuvieron test no estresante reactivo o test estresante negativo reactivo. La cardiotocografía mostró una baja sensibilidad, alta especificidad, un valor predictivo positivo 75%, valor predictivo negativo de 52,4% y una relación estadísticamente significativa entre resultados cardiotocográficos y distocia funicular. CONCLUSIÓN: Hay una relación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) ente los resultados cardiotocográficos y la presencia de distocia funicular. El test no estresante tuvo relación estadísticamente significativa con el tipo de parto.
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Results of cardiotocography in relation to funicular dystocia, condition of the newborn and type of delivery at the “Las Mercedes” regional teaching hospital in Chiclayo in the year 2016-2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-23) Moreno Llanos, María Evelyn; Vidaurre Cortez, Giovanna; Huaman Elera, Jose Manuel
Material and methods: A quantitative, non-experimental, prospective, longitudinal, analytical study was carried out. The sample was obtained by non-probabilistic or convenience sampling. Information was collected from the review of medical records. The statistical test used was the chi square. Results: The sociodemographic maternal characteristics with the highest percentage were adulthood, level of secondary education, nulliparous, and full-term gestation. The presence of funicular dystocia recorded a normal baseline, silent variability (7.2%), absence of accelerations (46.4%), variable decelerations (43.5%), present fetal movements; The result of the non-reactive stress test was 62.8% and the positive non-reactive stress test was 30.8%. The most frequent was clear amniotic fluid, simple circular cord, rejectable and located in the neck of the newborn. The highest percentage of births was by cesarean section. Newborns with Apgar scores of 7 to 10 at one minute and funicular dystocia had a non-reactive stress test or a reactive negative stress test. Cardiotocography showed low sensitivity, high specificity, a positive predictive value of 75%, a negative predictive value of 52.4% and a statistically significant relationship between cardiotocographic results and funicular dystocia. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between cardiotocographic results and the presence of funicular dystocia. The non-stressful test had a statistically significant relationship with the type of delivery.