Examinando por Materia "Prevalencia"

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Palacios Navarro, Blanca Luz; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 to 5 years in relation to sociodemographic factors at I.E.I. Los Laureles, Lima – Peru, in 2017. During the process, an evaluation instrument was created. The sample consisted of 178 children aged 3 to 5 years from I.E.I. Los Laureles, with at least one of their parents, who were given a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics. The data collected were processed using SPSS version 22, and the Chi-square statistical test was applied. The results showed that 37.6% of the children had very low dental caries prevalence, 10.7% had low prevalence, 13.5% had moderate prevalence, 16.9% had high dental caries prevalence, and 21.3% had very high prevalence. Children aged 5 years had more dental caries than children aged 3 and 4 years. Also, girls had more dental caries than boys. Additionally, 64% of children with very low dental caries prevalence had visited the dentist in the last 6 months, 71.4% of children with very low prevalence had married parents, and 61.5% of children with very low dental caries prevalence had parents with primary education, 47.5% with secondary education, and 35% with higher education. The study concluded that 37.6% of children aged 3 to 5 years at I.E.I. Los Laureles had a low prevalence of dental caries.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Guevara Zambrano, Neil Ayrton; Weilg Fernandez, Miguel Angel
The objective of this research was to register the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients treated at the Department of Stomatology of the Central Military Hospital of Peru during the period 2001-2016, and to determine the relationship concerning sex, age group, location, and etiopathogenesis. The population consisted of 27,350 clinical records from the years 2001 to 2016, and a formula was used to calculate the sample, resulting in 380 cases. The data were recorded in an Excel 2013 database and processed using SPSS version 21. The results showed a prevalence of 10.5% of oral mucosal lesions. The most prevalent lesion was the melanotic macule at 25%, followed by the traumatic ulcer at 20%, and frictional hyperkeratosis at 15%. Lesions were more prevalent in males with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1, and were more frequent in elderly patients (56-65 years) with 15.6%. Regarding etiopathogenesis, reactive, traumatic, and morphogenetic disorder lesions were the most prevalent, accounting for 47.5%, 25%, and 12.5%, respectively. The most frequent location was the buccal mucosa with 40%, followed by the labial mucosa with 30% of the total.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Takacs Tello, Evelyn; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in secondary school students from the National Educational Center Mariscal Ramón Castilla 7207 in the district of San Juan de Miraflores. The sample was probabilistic, collecting data from 182 students aged 13 to 17, who underwent a clinical examination, gathering data according to the Helkimo index to determine the severity of temporomandibular disorders. Data processing was carried out using frequency tables and the chi-square statistical test (SPSS version 22). The results showed that 56% of students had a mild temporomandibular disorder. It was found that the male gender had a mild disorder in 28%, while the female gender had 28.6%. Furthermore, the results showed that students aged 13 to 15 represented 37.4% of the population with mild temporomandibular disorder, while 19.2% of students aged 16 to 17 also had a mild temporomandibular disorder. In conclusion, a significant percentage of students from the secondary level of the National Educational Center Mariscal Ramón Castilla 7207 in the district of San Juan de Miraflores have a mild temporomandibular disorder.
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Automedicación en pacientes del servicio de farmacia de consulta externa 2 del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, abril de 2014
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Quiroga Gutiérrez, Dina; Rodríguez Parodi, Diana Leonor; Caldas Herrera, Emma
La automedicación es una práctica habitual en la población peruana que se ha convertido en un serio problema de salud pública. Por automedicación se entiende la utilización de medicamentos sin que medie una consulta médica profesional previa. Objetivo: comprobar las características de la automedicación en pacientes del servicio de farmacia de consulta externa n.o 2 del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, abril 2014. Metodología: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional de corte transversal prospectivo. Para el cálculo del tamaño de la población se emplearon los datos proporcionados por el departamento de Estadística del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, de enero a marzo de 2014. El promedio de los tres meses fue un total de 8777 pacientes. La muestra de estudio fue de 368 pacientes encuestados directamente el mes de abril 2014. Se utilizó un instrumento de recolección de datos (encuesta) validado. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico SPSS versión 19.0. Resultados: del total de 368 pacientes encuestados, el 100 % se automedicó. El sexo femenino tuvo una prevalencia de automedicación de 54,62 %; los medicamentos más consumidos fueron los antiinflamatorios (26,90 %), los antigripales (20,11 %), los analgésicos (16,58 %) y los antibióticos (12,23 %). Las principales enfermedades o síntomas para la automedicación fueron dolor articular (44,3 %), infección respiratoria aguda (29,6 %) e infección gastrointestinal (12,2 %). Las principales causas para la automedicación fueron tener conocimiento sobre los medicamentos para tratar la enfermedad (82,88 %), la demora de citas médicas (75,27 %), no disponer de tiempo para acudir a la consulta médica (66,30 %), no le exigieron receta médica en el establecimiento farmacéutico (63,32 %) y recomendación de terceras personas (57,61 %). El nivel de conocimiento sobre las consecuencias de automedicación fue de nivel alto, con 67,70 %. Conclusiones: se comprobaron las características de la automedicación en pacientes del servicio de farmacia de consulta externa n.° 2 del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, en abril 2014, determinándose una prevalencia de automedicación del 100 %. El dolor articular y la infección respiratoria aguda son las enfermedades o síntomas más frecuentes en la automedicación. Los grupos farmacológicos más consumidos fueron los antiinflamatorios y los antigripales.
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Factores que determinan la prevalencia de la convivencia de la mujer violentada con su agresor. Chiclayo 2021.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-03-07) Serrano Carranza, Cesar Martin; Casana Jara, Kelly Milagritos
Podemos darnos cuenta que en el Perú la violencia hacia la mujer se determina por muchos factores que determinan la prevalencia de la convivencia de mujer violentada con su agresor, haciendo que muchas de ellas sean afectadas en la parte física y psicológ
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FACTORES QUE PREDISPONEN LA PREVALENCIA DE ENTEROPARÁSITOS EN POBLADORES DEL AA.HH. AMPLIACIÓN 1RO DE AGOSTO DEL DISTRITO DE SAN JUAN DE LURIGANCHO AÑO 2017”.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-05-07) Gómez González, Gabriela Olga; Parreño Tipian, Juan Manuel
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores que predisponen la prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en 207 pobladores entre 5 a 59 años del AA.HH. Ampliación 1ro de agosto del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho año 2017. Los métodos utilizados para determinar los factores fue mediante encuestas tomadas vivienda por vivienda obteniendo como resultado que los factores que influyen en parasitismo son: el tipo de vivienda, abastecimiento de agua, la eliminación de excretas, el número de animales y numero de vectores, mientras que para la determinación de la parasitosis fue el Método Directo y el Método de concentración de Parodi, obteniéndose los siguientes resultados: Giardia lamblia (32%), Entamoeba coli (23%), Blastocistis hominis (17%), Ascaris lumbricoides (12%), Endolimax nana (6%) y Entamoeba histolytica (5%). El monoparasitismo fue el más prevalente con un (49%), biparasitismo (31%) y triparasitismo (1%). Llegando a la conclusión de que el (81%) de los pobladores padecen de enteroparasitismo.
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FACTORES QUE PREDISPONEN LA PREVALENCIA DE ENTEROPARÁSITOS EN POBLADORES DEL AA.HH. AMPLIACIÓN 1RO DE AGOSTO DEL DISTRITO DE SAN JUAN DE LURIGANCHO AÑO 2017”.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-05-07) Fernández Zurita, Diana Carlen; Parreño Tipian, Juan Manuel
La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar los factores que predisponen la prevalencia de enteroparasitosis en 207 pobladores entre 5 a 59 años del AA.HH. Ampliación 1ro de agosto del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho año 2017. Los métodos utilizados para determinar los factores fue mediante encuestas tomadas vivienda por vivienda obteniendo como resultado que los factores que influyen en parasitismo son: el tipo de vivienda, abastecimiento de agua, la eliminación de excretas, el número de animales y numero de vectores, mientras que para la determinación de la parasitosis fue el Método Directo y el Método de concentración de Parodi, obteniéndose los siguientes resultados: Giardia lamblia (32%), Entamoeba coli (23%), Blastocistis hominis (17%), Ascaris lumbricoides (12%), Endolimax nana (6%) y Entamoeba histolytica (5%). El monoparasitismo fue el más prevalente con un (49%), biparasitismo (31%) y triparasitismo (1%). Llegando a la conclusión de que el (81%) de los pobladores padecen de enteroparasitismo.
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Factors associated with burnout syndrome in nursing staff in the emergency area
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Ruiz Ramirez, Evelin Yessennia; Pimentel Panduro, Giovana; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Objective: Systematize factors associated with Burnout Syndrome in nursing staff working in the emergency service, through a systematic review. Material and methods: Systematized bibliography reviews of 15 specialized articles that synthesize multiple primary investigations. Identifying the study, answer specific questions about clinical practice. Results: The population made up of nursing professionals or others, the empirical exploration is based on the Maslach Burnout Inventory technique, through the survey, as well as the Coping Estimation Inventory. The average prevalence in studies associated with Burnout syndrome is in the range of 12.2%, which generates a risk of physical and emotional alterations. Conclusions: Burnout syndrome is not exclusive to health workers, however given the characteristics of their work, which have to do with high levels of responsibility for success, and permanent contact with people in distress and need to heal, and longer working hours than any other type of work.
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Factors associated with the prevalence of anemia in children under 2 years of age who attend the Campiña health center, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-05-04) Quispe Huamantoma, Madai Milca; Luján Torrealva, Franco Silvio
Objective: Determine the factors associated with the prevalence of anemia in children under 2 years of age who attend the Health Center Campiña, Lima 2023. Methodology: It is a descriptive, cutting-edge investigation transversal and non-experimental. It is made up of all 75 infants with anemia under 2 years of age who attend the health center health. A questionnaire was applied that consists of 8 questions between dichotomous. Results: It was found that 62.67% had anemia at a mild level. He 50.67% of the mothers were between 26 and 35 years old, 54.67% of the infants were between 12 to 23 months old, 84% came from urban areas, 60% were men, 50.7% had 2 children, 84% were housewives only, 78.7% had a secondary level, 65.3% had an income of 1025 soles and 57.3% have internet access. As for the nutritional aspects, 94.7% presented EBF for a period of 4 to 5 months, that 78.7% presented complementary feeding at 6 months. In environmental aspects, it was identified that 70.7% had 3 people per room, 100% of the sample has access to water drinking water and 53.3% had dogs. In the pathological aspect, it was found that 74.7% did present HAIs in the last two months, 61.3% did presented EDAS in the last two months, 74.7% did not present history of malnutrition and 21.3% did have a history of prematurity. Conclusion: It was determined that there are factors associated with the prevalence of anemia in children under 2 years of age who attend the center of health.
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Factors that influence depression in long-stay geriatric patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-08-24) Cancio Nuñez, Virginia Estefania; Cordero Bravo, María Del Carmen; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Systematize evidence on the factors that influence depression in long-stay geriatric patients. Results: The articles found, 14 of them, indicate that the factors that influence depression in the elderly are: 1.- Socio-demographic factor (female sex, incomplete primary education, illiteracy, grief, chronic degenerative diseases, entry into residence, fear to death, neurological and psychiatric disorders, marital status, high levels of anxiety, institutionalized less than 1 year), 2.- Economic Factor: low income, type of home, poor social support, dependency economic3.- ABVD factor: functional dependence, sedentary lifestyle, partially dependent women, dependence on some of the ABVD, polypharmacy, urinary incontinence, falls, sleep disorder. Conclusion: The socio-demographic, economic and ABDL factors described in the results influence depression in older adults. The same process of institutionalization has been documented by some authors as a trigger for depressive processes, and some authors propose how institutionalization in residences is associated with factors that favor the appearance of depressive symptoms or symptoms and that can lead to an increase in the prevalence of this process.
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Knowledge and practices on prevention and care of pressure injuries (PLP) in nurses from the topic of non-medical procedures of the Rebagliati Network - Essalud, Lima 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-18) Escobedo Ocampo, Maribel; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Introduction: Pressure injuries (PLI) are one of the 5 most frequent injuries experienced by patients in the world. In Peru, LPP have a prevalence between 11.4 and 16%; hence the need for knowledge, management and nursing care. Objective: Determine how knowledge is related to practices on prevention and care of pressure injuries (LPP) in nurses from the topic of non-medical procedures of the Rebagliati Network – EsSalud, Lima 2022. Methodology: The type of research will correspond to the applied one. , the approach to be addressed will be quantitative, and the proposed design will be observational, with a scope called correlational. This research, intentionally and for convenience, will be limited to a census sample of 80 licensed nursing professionals (nurses), who will be surveyed with two documentary instruments: the Mass-Valle LPP Prevention Knowledge Questionnaire, and, the Zurita LPP Nursing Care Practices Questionnaire; which have a reliability determined by KR-20=0.69, and Cronbach's Alpha=0.87 respectively. Data processing and analysis: the statistical analysis will be carried out using descriptive and inferential statistics using the Spearman correlation coefficient as the variables are qualitative in nature.
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Knowledge of high blood pressure and self-care of the elderly in the cardiology service of a public hospital, Cajamarca 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-12-11) Machuca Acuña, Johana Soledad; Palomino Taquire, Rewards
High blood pressure (HTN) is a pathology with a prevalence that ranges between 60 - 70% in the elderly population. On the other hand, the daily self-care activities that each patient receives are added to the medication treatment that each patient with HTN receives. patient performs according to the information or knowledge he or she has about the disease. Objective: “to determine the relationship between knowledge of high blood pressure and self-care of the elderly in the cardiology service of a public hospital in Cajamarca 2022.” Methodology: hypothetical, quantitative approach, non-experimental design, observational, descriptive, cross-sectional correlational; sample of 168 older adults with a diagnosis of arterial hypertension. Data collection will use 1 questionnaire for the variable of level of knowledge of arterial hypertension with a reliability of 0.87% by Cronbach's Alpha and for the variable of self-care practices a Likert-type scale will be used with a reliability of 0.88% by Cronbach's Alpha. . The statistical analysis that will be used will be parametric and non-parametric tests depending on the distribution of the variable. Spearman's Rho statistician will be used to test the hypothesis and the results will be presented in tables and graphs.
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Knowledge of mothers about iron deficiency anemia and prevalence in children under 3 years of age at the Jaime Zubieta Calderón Health Center, Lima-2022.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-07-25) Macedo Leon, Kellin Stephany; Fuentes Siles, María Angélica
Objective: To analyze the relationship between mothers' knowledge about iron deficiency anemia and prevalence in children under 3 years of age at the Jaime Zubieta Calderón Health Center, Lima-2022. Material and methods: The quantitative approach was used, as for the design it was non-experimental, correlational and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 96 mothers who were selected according to the selection criteria, as well as the data on the hemoglobin values were obtained from the nominal registry of the 96 children selected to verify the level of anemia. The technique used was the survey and the instrument a questionnaire of 25 questions for the first variable and the observation with the verification record for the second variable.
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Level of knowledge of the initial management of the polytraumatized patient in the nursing staff of the Emergency service of the Dos de Mayo National Hospital - Lima 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-10-11) Quispe Cabrera, Mayra Melissa; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
The research is a study with a quantitative approach, basic type, descriptive scope and prevalence. The population will be made up of 101 people who work in the emergency service, including nurses (57) and technicians (44). Study participants will be selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria described in the project. Non-random census sampling. At the same time, the pilot test was carried out with 20 professionals from the population. The study has an independent variable: level of knowledge of the initial management of the polytraumatized patient. It is a qualitative variable, which is measured using an ordinal scale.
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Lifestyles and cardiovascular risk of cardiac patients in a Hospital in Lima, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-06) Tinta Chura, Rosa Martha; Molina Torres, Jose Gregorio
Cardiovascular disease becomes an uncertainty in public health due to its high prevalence and becoming the main cause and origin of death in the adult population in the vast majority of countries, which is increased mainly by poor lifestyle. that is lived today. The present research project will be developed with the objective of determining the relationship that exists between lifestyles and the cardiovascular risk of cardiac patients in a hospital in Lima, 2022. The study reflects a hypothetical deductive research method, it has a quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental observation design. Whose population will be 110 patients from the cardiology service of a hospital in Lima and the sample will be 86 patients. As a data collection technique and instrument: a 28-item questionnaire for lifestyles and a 6-item checklist for cardiovascular risk will be used. The results were collected, processed, coded and entered into the Excel design database, synthesized by the system and processed using the SPSS statistical package version 25.0.
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Obstetric factors that influence the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-16) Pacheco Navarro, Carolina Estefany; Barbaggelata Huaraca, Adriana Josefina
Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out using bibliographic search engines of scientific articles in the Elsiver, Dialnet, Scielo, Researchgate database and the virtual library linked to the Norbert Wiener Private University. Results: The bibliographic review was carried out in 30 scientific articles, where the obstetric factors that influence the prevalence of anemia are identified: short intergenic period, parity greater than three pregnancies, maternal age less than 25 years, gestational age II and III trimester, prenatal control from the second month of gestation, abortions less than three months, weight (body mass index) and height less than 140cm. Conclusions: according to the evidence, the main factors that influence anemia in pregnant women were: interpregnancy period, parity, maternal age, gestational age, weight, abortions, height and prenatal control.
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Oromaxillofacial injuries caused by family violence in the division legal doctor of lima norte during the periods 2018 – 2019, Lima 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-16) Flores Celestino, Pamela Katherin; Chanamé Marín, Ann Rosemary
The objective was to determine the prevalence of bucomaxillofacial injuries caused by domestic violence in the medico-legal division of Lima Norte during the periods 2018–2019, Lima 2021. This was a quantitative, descriptive, observational, and retrospective study that used the observation technique and a registration form validated by experts in the field. A total of 280 medico-legal reports were evaluated with the approval of the university ethics committee and the medico-legal division issued by the Public Prosecutor's Office. Results: Regarding the prevalence of bucomaxillofacial injuries, 95 (34%) injuries involved mobility and bleeding of the injured tissue, and 219 (78%) injuries were located in the maxilla. The year 2019 had more cases of injuries (95%) compared to 2018 (15%). In terms of the aggressor, the spouse was responsible in 163 (58%) cases. Women were the most affected, representing 159 (57%) of the bucomaxillofacial injuries. Finally, based on age groups, 129 forensic reports indicated that adults aged 21 to 36 years represented 46% of bucomaxillofacial injuries. Conclusion: According to the total forensic reports, bucomaxillofacial injuries predominantly occurred in women due to physical violence inflicted by their spouses, highlighting the persistence of machismo in society.
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Poor basic sanitation as a risk for parasitic infections in preschool children in the town of Jose Galvez in 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-14) Rosales Espinoza, Cristhian Cesar; Olano Calle, Xymena Paola; Bastidas Solis, Miriam Cecilia
10 articles were chosen, finding that (30%) correspond to studies from the United States, New Zealand (20%), Iran (10%), Argentina (10%), Colombia (10%), Australia (10%) and Uganda (10%). Analyzing the research designs, 6 systematic reviews, 1 cross-sectional study and 3 randomized clinical trials were included. Poor environmental sanitation shows high percentages of causing parasitic intestinal infections in a child population. There is a high prevalence of having parasitic intestinal infections in children due to poor basic sanitation because there are precarious sanitary conditions, inadequate provision of clean water, poor hygiene practices and lack of proper sewage.
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Prevalence and risk factors associated with urinary tract infection in pregnant women at the San José Lima Maternal and Infantil Center, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-01-18) Medina Pillaca, Carolina; Espinoza Pacheco, Jorge Luis
The research aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with urinary tract infections in pregnant women at the San José Maternal and Child Center in Lima in 2023. Methodology: A quantitative approach with an inductive-deductive method, analytical type, and non-experimental design was used. The population consisted of 397 pregnant women from the San José Maternal and Child Center. A sample of 196 participants was selected using a statistical formula. The technique of reviewing and analyzing clinical histories was used, employing observation forms validated by an expert. Results: It was found that 47 women had urinary tract infections. Factors influencing this condition included age, marital status, educational level, place of origin, family type, number of children, gestational age, number of pregnancies, parity, quality of prenatal care, intergenetic period, anemia, gestational diabetes, and history of urinary tract infections. Conclusion: The prevalence of urinary tract infections was 23.98%.
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Prevalence and risk factors of syphilis in patients attending the sexually transmitted infections control program (PROCITS) at Hospital San Juan de Lurigancho, 2014
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-06) Bazan Cuba, Karina Rocío; Arispe Alburqueque, Claudia Milagros
Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of syphilis in patients attending the sexually transmitted infection control program (PROCITS) service at the San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital, 2014. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. The population consisted of patients attending the PROCITS clinic during the one-year period (from January 1 to December 31, 2014), totaling 81 patients diagnosed with syphilis. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics showed a higher prevalence in males (51%). The most common age group was 19 to 25 years (29.2%), with 68% having a parity of 4. Regarding education, 86% had completed their studies. The marital status was predominantly married (89%), and 51% were employed. The prevalence of syphilis was higher in young people (49%) and in females (51%). The most prevalent risk factors were STIs (43%), with 18.5% in females and 27.7% in males. Conclusions: The prevalence of syphilis was higher among young females. Risk factors included a history of STIs and contact with secretions, particularly in young females. Drug addiction and a history of multiple sexual partners were more prevalent in young males. Finally, the history of transfusions was more common in older females.