Examinando por Materia "Resistencia a Medicamentos"

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Acceso abierto
Bacterial agents in diabetic foot in the central laboratory of the María Auxiliadora departmental hospital, in Lima-Peru, period 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-22) Chamana Quiroz, Jackelina María; Cabello Vílchez, Alfonso Martin
Among the microbiological agents that can cause infections in diabetic feet are those from the skin and intestinal flora. This study aimed to "Determine which bacterial agents are most predominant in diabetic feet isolated in the central laboratory of the María Auxiliadora Departmental Hospital in Lima, Peru, during the 2019 period." The methodology used was an observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. A total of 181 positive culture data with their respective susceptibility profiles were analyzed, concluding that the predominant bacterial agents were Gram-negative bacteria (63%), with the most frequent being Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, and Morganella morganii. The most sensitive drugs were Carbapenems, Amikacin, Vancomycin, and Teicoplanin, while the most resistant were Ampicillin, Cefuroxime, Penicillin, and Clindamycin.
Acceso abierto
Caracterización de la infección por mycobacterium tuberculosis en pacientes referidos al laboratorio de referencia regional en salud pública de Lima provincias, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-06-23) Ortiz Guardamino, Nancy Rosmeri; Benites Azabache, Juan Carlos
OBJETIVO: Caracterizar la infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis de los pacientes referidos al Laboratorio de Referencia Regional de Salud Pública Lima Provincias 2022. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa de tipo descriptivo, basada en datos retrospectivos de 1174 pacientes con diagnóstico de tuberculosis. RESULTADOS: Esta investigación encontró que 72.2% de los pacientes con tuberculosis fueron del sexo masculino, 42% fue de la etapa adulta y 26.8% radicaban en la provincia de Huaral; clínicamente, 98% fueron muestras de esputo, 82.1% ingresaron como nunca tratados, 83% fueron sintomáticos respiratorios y 4.2% tenían radiografía pulmonar anormal; y microbiológicamente, 87.1% de los pacientes resultaron ser sensibles a isoniacida y rifampicina simultáneamente, 6.8% fueron tuberculosis MDR, 3.6% fueron resistente solo a isoniacida y 2.5% resistente solo a rifampicina . CONCLUSIONES: Estos hallazgos demuestran que el sexo masculino y la etapa adulta, son más propensos a ser afectados por esta enfermedad, así mismo el ingreso de pacientes antes tratados aumentan el riesgo de resistencia a fármacos antituberculosos, se evidencia un porcentaje elevado de casos de tuberculosis MDR y monoresistencias a isoniacida y rifampicina, es necesario implementar políticas más estrictas de prevención, control de tratamientos, captación de sintomáticos respiratorios y contactos, para reducir las cifras elevadas de casos de TBC cada año a nivel mundial.
Acceso abierto
Diagnostic performance of chromagar esbl versus the vitek 2 automated system for the phenotypic detection of extended spectrum betal-actamase in urocultures, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-04-28) Tena Contreras, Ruth Araceli; Moya Salazar, Jeel Junior
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a growing public health concern worldwide. A set of factors affects the reduction of antibiotic resistance, with bacteria often showing intrinsic and extrinsic resistance mechanisms to main drugs. One specific type of antibiotic resistance is the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), a resistance mechanism that has emerged as a significant problem in recent years. ESBL production confers resistance to a wide range of beta-lactam antibiotics, and infections caused by ESBL-producing bacteria are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. There is currently no consensus on the optimal approach to ESBL detection, as many health centers lack the materials necessary for diagnosis through the mentioned methods. Additionally, the performance of these methods can vary depending on the type of ESBL and the bacterial species being tested. Therefore, there is an important need for continuous evaluation and validation of ESBL diagnostic methods to ensure their accuracy and reliability.
Acceso abierto
Quality of nursing care and its relationship with the attitude of the patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Diris Lima Sur 2022.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-24) Arotinco Anchayhua, Yuliza; Mori Castro, Jaime Alberto
Determine the relationship between the quality of nursing care and the attitude of the patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the DIRIS LIMA SUR, 2022. Material and method: This research has a quantitative approach, because data collection is used to demonstrate the hypothesis based on statistical analysis and the analysis of the qualities or attributes described to determine the results of the behavioral models in a population. Population, are multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients, in the period from June to December 2022 in the DIRIS LIMA SUR, having a total population of 134 patients. To measure the Quality of Nursing Care, a quality instrument will be used, with three dimensions of 28 items in total, Interpersonal dimension with 8 items, Technical dimension with 15 items and Environmental dimension with 5 items, with reliability of a Cronbach's alpha of 0.839 and validity 0.93. To measure the second variable, the questionnaire on attitudes of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis will be used. It consists of 26 items distributed in three dimensions: cognitive attitude with 6 items, affective dimension with 10 items and behavioral attitude with 10 items, with a reliability index by Cronbach's alpha of 0.863 for the total of the same. To measure the relationship between the variables, Spearman's rank correlation was used.