Examinando por Materia "Sensibilidad y Especificidad"

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Acceso abierto
Efficacy of Bedside Water Swallow Test in Detecting Aspiration in Stroke Patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-08) Carbajal Huamán, Shirley Celine; Aldana Puse, Lorena Milagros; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of the bedside water swallow test to detect aspiration in patients with stroke. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study has a systematic, observational and retrospective review design; of articles with full text, which identified their grade or quality of evidence according to the Grade System. Likewise, the sample was made up of 10 articles obtained from the following databases Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Dialnet, Scielo, and Lilacs. Results: Of which 50% correspond to systematic review design and 50% randomized clinical studies, corresponding to the countries of China 20%, United States 10%, Taiwan 10%, Singapore 10%, Canada 10%, Iran 10% , Greece 10%, Egypt 10% and Spain 10%. Of the 10 articles reviewed, 100% demonstrate that the bedside water swallow test is effective in detecting aspiration in stroke patients. Conclusions: 100% showed that the bedside water swallowing test is effective in detecting aspiration in patients with stroke, due to its diagnostic accuracy it achieves high sensitivity (positive diagnostic test) and specificity (negative diagnostic test). ; It is a clinical detection that is carried out due to the presence of swallowing difficulties or dysphagia; Because they are treated promptly and effectively, they raise the professional image of nursing due to their ability in aspiration management; Likewise, it contributes greatly by being highly accurate and reliable.
Acceso abierto
Results of cardiotocography in relation to funicular dystocia, condition of the newborn and type of delivery at the “Las Mercedes” regional teaching hospital in Chiclayo in the year 2016-2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-23) Moreno Llanos, María Evelyn; Vidaurre Cortez, Giovanna; Huaman Elera, Jose Manuel
Material and methods: A quantitative, non-experimental, prospective, longitudinal, analytical study was carried out. The sample was obtained by non-probabilistic or convenience sampling. Information was collected from the review of medical records. The statistical test used was the chi square. Results: The sociodemographic maternal characteristics with the highest percentage were adulthood, level of secondary education, nulliparous, and full-term gestation. The presence of funicular dystocia recorded a normal baseline, silent variability (7.2%), absence of accelerations (46.4%), variable decelerations (43.5%), present fetal movements; The result of the non-reactive stress test was 62.8% and the positive non-reactive stress test was 30.8%. The most frequent was clear amniotic fluid, simple circular cord, rejectable and located in the neck of the newborn. The highest percentage of births was by cesarean section. Newborns with Apgar scores of 7 to 10 at one minute and funicular dystocia had a non-reactive stress test or a reactive negative stress test. Cardiotocography showed low sensitivity, high specificity, a positive predictive value of 75%, a negative predictive value of 52.4% and a statistically significant relationship between cardiotocographic results and funicular dystocia. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) between cardiotocographic results and the presence of funicular dystocia. The non-stressful test had a statistically significant relationship with the type of delivery.
Acceso abierto
Utilidad diagnóstica de los niveles de Antígeno Prostático Específico total en la detección de cáncer de próstata en pacientes del Hospital Militar Central, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2026-02-02) Ruiz Morales, Sandra Shirley; Marquina Quispe, Renzo Hernán; Jaimes Velásquez, Carlos Alberto
En la actualidad el cáncer de próstata es una de las patologías que aqueja a gran parte de lapoblación masculina; no obstante, frente a su prevalencia se han ideado métodos de diagnósticotemprano para combatirlo. En ese contexto, el presente estudio propuso “Determinar la utilidaddiagnóstica del valor de PSA total en la detección de cáncer de próstata en pacientes del HospitalMilitar Central, 2024”; por tal razón, metodológicamente, se planteó un estudio observacionalretrospectivo y transversal que empleó 351 historias clínicas de pacientes varones mayores de 45años, a quienes se les midió el PSA total a través de un análisis sérico; cabe destacar que paramedir la utilidad diagnóstica del PSA se analizó la sensibilidad y especificidad del área bajo lacurva ROC. En cuanto a los resultados, con respecto al PSA total, el 84% presentó valores < 4ng/ml, el 9.4% se ubicó entre el 4 – 10 ng/ml, el 4% estuvo entre los 10-20 ng/ml y el 2.6% alcanzóvalores de ≥ 20 ng/ml. Además, la sensibilidad de la prueba fue de 90.32% (28 VP; 3 FN) y laespecificidad de un 91.33% (295 VN; 28 FP), mientras el análisis ROC mostró un AUC de 0.765,lo cual indicó una capacidad discriminativa buena. En síntesis, en este estudio el PSA total obtuvouna sensibilidad y especificidad adecuadas para la detección del cáncer en la población estudiada,confirmando que es una herramienta diagnóstica inicial útil de tamizaje.