Examinando por Materia "Solanum"

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    Efecto antagónico in vitro de Lactobacillus spp. aislados de "tocosh" – Solanum sp., proveniente de Huánuco, frente a bacterias enteropatógenas
    (Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-11-29) Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Ivette Evelyn; Gavilán Chávez, Ronnie Gustavo
    According to the WHO, diarrheal diseases (DD) are the second leading cause of death in children under five worldwide. Since the Inca era, ‘tocosh’ has been characterized by its nutraceutical properties. The objective of this research was to evaluate the antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from ‘tocosh’ - Solanum sp. from Huánuco, against enteropathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli enteropathogenic (EPEC), Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri, and Vibrio cholerae Inaba. Methods: The population was extracted from tocosh produced in fermentation pits located in the province of Yarowilca, Obas district. The bacteria were isolated in Man Rogosa Sharpe broth, under anaerobic conditions, and incubated for 48 hours. To purify the Lactobacillus spp. strains, tests were conducted according to Bergey's Manual. In the evaluation of the antagonistic effect, the Burkholder method and the cell-free supernatant (CFS) method were used. The assay was performed in triplicate at a concentration of 2 on the MacFarland scale of lactic acid bacteria, incubated in aerobiosis at 37 °C for 18 hours. Results: Of a total of 223 samples, 44 strains showed microscopic and biochemical characteristics compatible with Lactobacillus spp. The mean inhibition halos formed by the Burkholder method were 11.36 mm against Vibrio cholerae Inaba 1.457.10, 9.86 mm against Salmonella typhi 2.240-16, 6 mm against Shigella flexneri WHO SH-15.3, and 6 mm against Escherichia coli enteropathogenic (EPEC) 2.734-18. The cell-free supernatant method obtained means of 13.62 mm against Vibrio cholerae Inaba 1.457.10, 10.52 mm against Salmonella typhi 2.240-16, 6.33 mm against Shigella flexneri WHO SH-15.3, and 6.19 mm against Escherichia coli enteropathogenic (EPEC) 2.734-18. A comparison of groups determined that the greatest effect was obtained against Vibrio cholerae Inaba by both methods. Conclusions: It was determined that Lactobacillus spp. isolated from ‘tocosh’ presented an antagonistic effect against the reference enteropathogenic bacteria that cause diarrheal diseases.
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    Efecto sedante y ansiolítico del extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Solanum corneliomulleri J.F. Macbr. “Sandillón” en ratones
    (Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-07-09) Castañeda Campos, Elsa Rosario; Castañeda Campos, Willy German; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
    The sedative and anxiolytic effects of medicinal plants constitute a safe alternative for the treatment of diseases associated with depression. Objective: To demonstrate the sedative and anxiolytic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Solanum corneliomulleri J.F. Macbr. (“sandillón”) in mice. Methods: This was an experimental, prospective study. Secondary metabolites in the leaves were determined qualitatively. To demonstrate the sedative effect, the pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep method was employed, comparing extract doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg. To demonstrate the anxiolytic effect, the hole-board method was used, comparing extract doses of 5, 10, and 15 mg/kg. Two groups of 40 male albino mice of the Balb/C53/CNPB strain were used: a negative control group receiving distilled water and a positive control group receiving diazepam at 10 mg/kg. Results: The 250 mg/kg extract dose produced the longest average sleep duration (2.8 hours), showing the greatest sedative effect. The 15 mg/kg dose produced the highest anxiolytic effect. Both effects were statistically significant, although slightly lower compared to the diazepam 10 mg/kg control group. The sedative effect of the hydroalcoholic extract at doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg was 70.3%, 82.4%, and 81.6%, respectively, compared with diazepam 10 mg/kg. The anxiolytic effect at 10 mg/kg extract dose exceeded diazepam, showing an anxiety inhibition of 59.7%. The presence of alkaloids and other secondary metabolites was identified, which may be associated with the sedative and hypnotic effect. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum corneliomulleri leaves exhibits sedative and anxiolytic effects at doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg, showing significant pharmacological activity, though slightly lower than diazepam. The presence of alkaloids and other metabolites suggests a possible mechanism for the observed effects.