Examinando por Materia "Tobacco Use Disorder"

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Efficacy of anthropometric parameters as a predictor of cardiovascular risk profile in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Acosta González, Ysabel Dolores; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: Determine the effectiveness of anthropometric parameters as predictors of cardiovascular risk profile in adults. Materials and Methods: Systematic Reviews are an observational and retrospective research design, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice. Results: Of the total of ten articles analyzed, 90% affirm that anthropometric parameters predict cardiovascular risk. These articles were found in the following databases Pubmed, Medline, Elsevier, Scielo and Lilacs. Conclusions: The Anthropometric Parameters predicted the existence of three or more cardiovascular risk factors, both for adult men and adult women (elevated lipid profile, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking, among others).
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Prevalencia y factores asociados al cáncer cervicouterino mediante el análisis de historias clínicas del tamizaje con papanicolaou en el establecimiento penitenciario Mujeres Chorrillos, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-25) Benites Cuadros, Jonathan Jesús; Diaz Jordan, Alberto
El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la presencia del cáncer cervicouterino y factores asociados en las internas del Establecimiento Penitenciario Mujeres Chorrillos mediante el análisis de historias clínicas del tamizaje con Papanicolaou en 2023. En este estudio, “factores asociados” se utiliza para describir la presencia y características de factores en las mujeres basados en los registros clínicos; no se establecen relaciones estadísticas o asociaciones. La investigación adoptó un diseño observacional, retrospectivo, transversal y descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo para expresar los resultados de manera numérica. La población estuvo compuesta por 16 internas diagnosticadas con cáncer cervicouterino en el año 2023, y la muestra fue censal, conformada por las mismas 16 historias clínicas. Hallazgos mostraron que la prevalencia de cáncer cervicouterino fue de 100% en el año 2023, del cual el 50% de las internas presentaron lesiones cervicales leves (NIC I), el 18.8% moderadas (NIC II) y el 31.3% graves (NIC III). Se identificaron factores sociodemográficos y conductuales relevantes, como edades comprendidas entre 20 y 59 años, un nivel educativo bajo (50% con analfabetismo o estudios incompletos) y un nivel socioeconómico bajo (75%), además, el 87.5% de las internas eran fumadoras. En cuanto a los factores ginecoobstétricos, se encontró que un número de internas comenzaron actividad sexual a temprana edad, tuvieron múltiples parejas sexuales, no usaron anticonceptivos de forma consistente, y presentaron una alta frecuencia de flujo vaginal patológico e infecciones de transmisión sexual. Estos factores favorecen la persistencia del Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) y aumento de daños cervicales, lo que se alinea con la literatura científica sobre los riesgos de la patología.
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Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Carpio Alvarado, Sendy Paola; González Nolasco, Celia Charito; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Systematize and analyze the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the results of primary research are synthesized, identifying relevant studies. The population constituted by the bibliographic review is 10 scientific articles published and indexed in scientific databases. The analysis is made up of the preparation of a summary table with the main data of each of the selected articles. Results: Of the 10 articles analyzed, we found that 20% of the research found correspond to Argentina, Cuba and Brazil each, 10% to Peru, Guatemala, Chile and Mexico each, the analyzed studies are quantitative descriptive in 30 %, cross-sectional quantitative in 30%, cohort analytical in 20%, experimental in 10%, and correlational quantitative in 10%. Conclusions: In the articles studied, several modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in adolescents were found, the most common are obesity, increased abdominal circumference, and overweight (70%), which are related to sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and alcoholism, which interact with each other, generating and enhancing damage to health.
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Risk factors in the evolution and mortality of heart failure in the elderly
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Gaspar Ramos, Eliana; Valverde Maylle, Maria; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: Determine the risk factors in the evolution and mortality of heart failure in the elderly. Methodology/Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using Jover's evaluation to identify their level of evidence. Results: In the final selection, 11 articles were chosen, we found that 73% (08) correspond to Spain, with 9% (01) are from Brazil, Colombia and Argentina respectively. Of which 50% are cross-sectional analytical studies of the total number of articles analyzed, 80% state that the risk factors in the evolution and mortality of heart failure in the elderly are high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, smoking and obesity, while 20% % are lifestyle, dyslipidemia, pharmacological, age, sex and anxiety that negatively affects patients. Conclusions: The 11 articles reviewed, 80% (n=9/11) show that the risk factors in the evolution and mortality of heart failure in older adults are high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity and 20% (2/11) state that they are lifestyle, dyslipidemia, pharmacology, age, sex and anxiety