Examinando por Materia "Urban Population"

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Acceso abierto
Automedicación con azitromicina y su relación con el COVID-19 en los pobladores del AA.HH. Noveno Sector, Grupo 3 del distrito de Villa El Salvador, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-01-17) Huayhua Huamani, Jessica; Alvarado Chávez, Britt
Self-medication is a global public health problem that has worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Residents, concerned not only by difficulties in the healthcare system but also by the risks of the disease, opted to self-medicate with antibiotics (azithromycin) to alleviate their discomfort or symptoms. Objective: To determine the self-medication with azithromycin and its relationship with COVID-19 among residents of the Ninth Sector, Group 3 Human Settlement (AA.HH.) in the Villa el Salvador district, Metropolitan Lima, during the first semester of 2021. Method: A hypothetical-deductive method with a quantitative approach, applied type, and non-experimental design was used. A questionnaire-type instrument was applied to 200 residents. The statistical analysis used SPSS and the Chi-squared test of independence. Results: 40.5% self-medicated with azithromycin, of which 22% were female and 18.5% were male. 29.5% of self-medication with azithromycin was related to COVID-19 symptoms (p-value = 0.00). The reasons for self-medication were recommendation (31.5%), lack of time (10%), and advertising (1%), while 28.5% did not self-medicate for any COVID-19-related reason (p-value = 0.04). Conclusion: It was demonstrated that a relationship exists between self-medication with azithromycin and COVID-19.
Acceso abierto
Correlación de los niveles séricos de proteína C reactiva, factor reumatoideo y antiestreptolisina O látex en adultos del AA.HH. Virgen de Lourdes del distrito Villa María del Triunfo, año 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-09-29) Mauricio Callupe, Milca Damaris; Rojas Elescano, Myriam María; Parreño Tipián, Juan Manuel
The research study was carried out to correlate the serum levels of C-reactive protein, Rheumatoid factor, and Antistreptolysin O latex in adults from the Human Settlement Virgen de Lourdes in the district of Villa María del Triunfo. The type of study was prospective, correlational, quantitative, cross-sectional, and experimental. A total of 120 serum samples from patients of the Human Settlement Virgen de Lourdes in the district of Villa María del Triunfo were analyzed. The semiquantitative latex agglutination technique was used, and the following results were obtained: for CRP, an incidence of 90 (75%) positive cases was found, with a predominance of females; for RF, an incidence of 24 (20%) positive cases was found, also with a predominance of females; and for ASO, an incidence of 2 (1.7%) positive cases was found, likewise with a predominance of females. It is concluded that there is a significant correlation between CRP and RF, and no significant correlation between CRP and ASO.
Acceso abierto
Estudio de la automedicación en pobladores que asisten a una conocida cadena de boticas de la urbanización Progreso del distrito de Carabayllo agosto–setiembre 2013
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2013) Gutiérrez Romero, Nancy Rocío; Huallpa Meza, Elizabeth Melissa; Caldas Herrera, Emma
The voluntary use of unknown medications or those previously prescribed by a physician constitutes an act that may cause harm to the patient who ingests them. Therefore, the present research aims to study the percentage of self-medication, the symptoms, the therapeutic group, the main causes, and the level of knowledge about the consequences of self-medicating among the residents of the Progreso neighborhood in the district of Carabayllo, aged between 21 and 65 years, during the months of August and September 2013. The results indicate that 88.3% of the studied population admitted to self-medicating. This problem is associated with the most frequent symptoms: pain (27.5%), respiratory conditions (18.9%), and inflammation (11.2%). The most frequently used therapeutic groups were analgesics (31.4%), antibiotics (23.7%), and anti-inflammatory drugs (10.7%). The main causes were recommendations from third parties (63.9%), lack of money (62.7%), and the use of previous prescriptions (60.1%). The level of knowledge about the consequences of self-medication in the studied population was 44.5%, while 55.5% were unaware of the issue.
Acceso abierto
Factor socioeconómico y automedicación de azitromicina en tiempos de COVID-19. Zona zapallal. Distrito de Puente Piedra. Lima. 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-07) Sanchez Guerrero, Lesly Natalia; Guadalupe Sifuentes de Posadas, Luz Fabiola
The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and the self-medication of azithromycin during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Zapallal area, Puente Piedra district, Lima, 2021. The methodology applied was the hypothetical-deductive method, within an applied research framework, with a quantitative approach, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and correlational level design. Data were collected through a 16-item questionnaire. The sample consisted of 240 individuals of both sexes. Results showed that 90.4% reported self-medicating with azithromycin, of which 62.1% were female, 53.3% had a technical level of education, 60% had dependent employment, 48.3% had medium or low wealth levels, 40.4% were cohabiting, and 80.8% lived in urban areas. Among those who had self-medicated with azithromycin in the past three months, 57.1% reported using it twice, 59% were unaware of adverse reactions, and 67.7% did not present adverse reactions. In conclusion, the study did not demonstrate a significant relationship between the socioeconomic factors assessed and the self-medication of azithromycin during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Zapallal area, Puente Piedra district, Lima, 2021.
Acceso abierto
Factores socioeconómicos y automedicación en los pobladores de la Asociación de Vivienda Miramar de Chuquitanta – distrito San Martin de Porres – Lima Metropolitana, en el primer semestre del 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-27) Calero Cisneros, Beatriz Yolanda; Hoyos Perez, Maleni Yecit; Jaramillo Briceño, Marilú Ricardina
Self-medication is a public health problem that affects the global population and can carry potential risks, such as incorrect treatment choices, adverse drug reactions, or the masking of a serious illness with future complications. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and self-medication among residents of the Miramar de Chuquitanta Housing Association in the San Martín de Porres district of Metropolitan Lima, during the first half of 2021. Methodology: The research type was basic, hypothetical-deductive, with a quantitative approach, and a non-experimental, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, and prospective design. The sample consisted of 260 residents, and information was collected using a survey. Results: 75% of respondents self-medicated. Of these, 38.46% were adults aged 29 to 38, 42.31% were male, 36.54% had a completed secondary education, 46.54% were self-employed, 33.85% had a medium monthly income, and 50.38% reported poor health. 71.92% had knowledge of self-medication, and 70.00% considered the practice to be effective. The most frequent reasons for self-medication were economic reasons (23.46%) and difficulty accessing a medical appointment (20.38%). The most used drugs were anti-inflammatories (37.31%) and anti-influenza drugs (16.92%). Conclusion: It was determined that socioeconomic factors have a significant relationship with self-medication.
Acceso abierto
Incidencia de fiebre tifoidea, fiebre paratifoidea y fiebre de Malta en pobladores del AA.HH. Villa María del Triunfo, año 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-04-25) Bada Céspedes, Consuelo Milagros; Raymundo Padua, Elizabeth Rafaela; Parreño Tipián, Juan Manuel
The present research addresses the study of the incidence of Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, and Malta fever among the inhabitants of the Human Settlement Villa María del Triunfo. The methodology applied was prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, and analytical. The proposed objectives were: to determine the positive cases of Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, and Malta fever in the population of the Human Settlement Villa María del Triunfo, according to age and type of activity carried out by the study population. The following results were obtained: the predominant sex was female, representing 62% (96) of the cases found. The age range was divided into three groups: the youngest group, 14 to 35 years old, comprised 42% (66) of the sample; the second group, 36 to 57 years old, accounted for 33% (52) of the cases; and finally, the oldest group, 58 to 79 years old, represented 24% (38). Positive serology was found with an overall incidence of 14% for some type of fever in the perception of their quality of life. Likewise, the domain with the greatest alteration was that of activity. The age group from 36 to 57 years presented the highest incidence, and finally, females were the population that had a greater incidence in their perception of quality of life compared to males. It is concluded that the study carried out among the inhabitants of the Human Settlement Villa María del Triunfo was very useful to observe that, of the total population studied, there is a percentage that presents at least one of the three types of fever under study—Typhoid fever, Paratyphoid fever, and Malta fever. Likewise, the incidence predominates in females and in the youngest age group, in reference to their quality of life. At the same time, the frequent consumption of food in different places within the Human Settlement, mainly in markets and public places, also increases the incidence of these types of fever.
Acceso abierto
Nivel de conocimiento y actitud frente a la vacuna de la COVID-19 en usuarios del mercado El Triunfo en el distrito Ate – Lima, marzo 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-08-22) Ramos Suárez, Jenny Leslie; Ramos Suárez, Jessica Daice; Oyarce Alvarado, Elmer
The objective of this research was to determine how the level of knowledge and attitude relate to the COVID-19 vaccine among users of the "El Triunfo" market in the Ate district, Lima, in March 2021. The methodology was deductive, a basic type, with a quantitative vision. The design was descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, and prospective. Simple random probabilistic sampling was used, with 384 users participating, and a questionnaire was applied as the instrument. Results: 47.4% presented a high rating for the vaccine administration schedule, 84.1% a high rating for the importance and myths of the vaccine, and 70.8% a medium rating for practical post-vaccine care. Furthermore, 69.5% had a high level of knowledge about vaccine generalities. For attitude, 51% presented a high cognitive level, 54.2% a medium affective level, and 71.9% a high behavioral level. 87.4% who had a high rating for the administration schedule also had a high level of knowledge and attitude toward the vaccine. 80.2% who had a high rating for the importance and myths of the vaccine also had a high level of knowledge and attitude toward the vaccine, and 88.1% who had a high rating for practical post-vaccine care also presented a high level of knowledge and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine. Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitude is positively or directly related to the COVID-19 vaccine among users of the "El Triunfo" market.
Acceso abierto
Nivel de conocimiento y actitud respecto a la vacuna contra la COVID-19 en pobladores del Pueblo Joven Túpac Amaru de Villa – Chorrillos en el contexto de la emergencia sanitaria. Lima 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-05-19) Fernández Flores, Nélber; Justil Guerrero, Hugo Jesús
The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine among residents of the Túpac Amaru de Villa shantytown in Chorrillos, within the context of the health emergency. Methodology: This was a hypothetical-deductive study with a quantitative approach, an applied type, and a non-experimental, observational, cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 281 residents over 18 years old, selected by probabilistic sampling. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire for knowledge and a Likert scale for attitude. Both were validated by expert judgment and deemed reliable (KR-20 = 0.63 and Cronbach's α = 0.93). Results: The level of knowledge was medium (68.7%). 76.2% presented a positive attitude, and 23.8% a negative attitude toward the vaccine. No significant difference was found between knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics (for all p > 0.05), nor between attitude and sociodemographic characteristics (for all p > 0.05). However, a significant difference was found between the level of knowledge and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine (p=0.008 and contingency coefficient 0.182). Conclusion: A relationship exists between the level of knowledge and attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine among residents of the Túpac Amaru de Villa shantytown in Chorrillos.
Acceso abierto
Nivel de conocimiento y actitudes del uso de antibióticos en la población del distrito de Mi Perú. Callao 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-06-09) Alva Trujillo, Patricia; Castillo Reyes, Nancy; Guadalupe Sifuentes de Posadas, Luz Fabiola
Antibiotics are currently the most widely used therapeutic group in the world. The correct use of antibiotics provides improvement for patients who use them properly. Most people lack sanitary education and proper knowledge about antibiotic use, including frequency and treatment duration. The objective was to evaluate the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic use in the population of the Mi Perú district. Methodology: A hypothetical-deductive method was used through surveys of 389 residents of the Mi Perú district. This survey evaluated the relationship between the level of knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotic use. Results: It was found that 54% of the residents had a medium level of knowledge, and 91.5% of the residents had a positive attitude toward antibiotic use.
Acceso abierto
Relación entre índices antropométricos y el nivel sérico de lípidos en residentes del Cerro San Cosme en el distrito de La Victoria período julio–setiembre 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-25) Aguilar Flores, Xenia Reymunda; Guillén Sulca, Silvia Lizeth; Parreño Tipián, Juan Manuel
The relationship between anthropometric indices and serum lipid levels was determined in 113 residents aged 18 to 65 years from Cerro San Cosme in the district of La Victoria during the period July–September 2017. The values of body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), total cholesterol by the enzymatic method Cholesterol oxidase/Peroxidase of Tinder, and triglycerides by the enzymatic method Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase/Peroxidase were obtained. Data processing and statistical analysis were performed with the statistical program SPSS version 21, using the Chi-square test of independence. For BMI, in the age group 30 to 59 years, 51% were overweight and 16% obese; regarding WHR, 81% of the group aged 60 to 65 years presented disease risk. For cholesterol levels, 44% of the age group 60–65 years presented moderate risk, and 11% of the group aged 30–59 years presented high risk. For triglyceride levels, 56% of the group aged 60–65 years presented high risk. A statistically significant relationship was found between BMI and cholesterol (p = 0.014) and triglycerides (p = 0.01); WHR and cholesterol (p = 0.017); and triglycerides (p = 0.004).
Acceso abierto
Reticencia a la vacunación COVID-19 en pobladores del asentamiento humano Lomas de Cajamarca del distrito de Comas-Lima Metropolitana, 2021-2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-04) Cubas Fernández, Yolanda; Morales Granados, Jessica Odil; Juárez Moreyra, Enrique
Vaccine hesitancy is a term that defines the attitude of rejection or delay in accepting vaccines. In the context of the pandemic, the speed of vaccine development and implementation may have caused insecurity and fear of adverse effects, leading to hesitancy toward the COVID-19 vaccine and potentially hindering effective pandemic control levels. Objective: To determine the main factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy among residents of the Lomas de Cajamarca settlement in the Comas district, Metropolitan Lima, 2021–2022. Methodology: An analytical, descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted among a population of 313 adults aged 18 and older through an in-person survey. Results: Cross-tabulations in IBM SPSS V.25 statistical software and chi-square tests identified the main factors contributing to COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy: the perception of insufficient testing to demonstrate vaccine safety (47.2%), fear of adverse effects (41.7%), and the perception of a low risk of complications from COVID-19. The groups with the highest levels of hesitancy included Evangelicals (p-value: 0.000), individuals without formal education (p-value: 0.001), adults aged 60 and older (p-value: 0.023), and those without income (p-value: 0.019). Conclusion: 11.5% (n=36) of residents were not vaccinated due to perceptions of vaccine insecurity, low perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, and misinformation.