Examinando por Materia "Water Quality"

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Acceso abierto
Determinación de calidad del agua para el consumo humano aplicando la metodología de revisión sistemática y metaanálisis en tesis universitarias
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-21) Estrada Lapas, Guillermina; Vidal Olortegui, Claudia Lisset; Castillo Soto, Pedro Félix
The objective of this study was to establish the quality of water for human consumption by analyzing the results of studies on physicochemical and microbiological parameters, using a systematic review complemented by a meta-analysis. The use of these techniques established that the scientific production at the university academic level is of low quality. A synthesis of results based on the standardized mean difference between the values found for each analyzed parameter and its corresponding standard allowed the study to establish that not all of the required tests for mandatory control parameters were performed. A standardized mean of 0.04 (95% CI: -0.15 to 0.22) was found for pH, and 0.11 (95% CI: -0.9 to 0.32) was found for free chlorine content. Both values showed a tendency toward the standard but were not statistically significant. This indicates that the analyzed studies do not provide robust information to draw conclusions about the quality of the water consumed in Lima.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de la calidad microbiológica e inocuidad del agua potable para consumo de los dispensadores de las boticas y farmacias del distrito de Breña en el departamento de Lima, mayo-junio de 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Bobadilla Poquioma, Carlos Yoel; Hurtado Cahuana, José Luis; Guevara Vicaña, Rita Aurora
Water intended for consumption, the preparation of food and beverages, or personal hygiene must not contain any human pathogens. This can be achieved by selecting high-quality water sources, effectively treating and decontaminating water polluted by human or animal feces or other substances, and protecting it from contamination during distribution to the user. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the presence of microorganisms that indicate water safety (total coliforms) and those that indicate water microbiological quality (Heterotrophs). This was carried out on samples from 67 pharmaceutical establishments in the Breña district during May–June 2017. The determination of coliform microorganisms was performed by the multiple tube method, and the determination of heterotrophic microorganisms was performed by the pour plate count method. The results were compared with the standards established in the Regulation on Drinking Water Quality: D.S. N° 031-2010-SA / Ministry of Health. General Directorate of Environmental Health – Lima: Ministry of Health; 2011. 4.5% of the samples did not comply with the established parameters (Heterotrophs), as the maximum permissible limit according to current national standards is 500 CFU/mL of sample.
Acceso abierto
Efecto enzimático de los detergentes diluidos con agua corriente vs agua blanda en la limpieza del instrumental
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Reisman Remuzgo, Delicia Mercedes; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objetivo: Establecer el efecto enzimático de las diluciones de detergente: Agua blanda vs agua corriente en la limpieza del instrumental hospitalario. Material y métodos: Revisión Sistemática observacional y retrospectivo, la búsqueda se ha restringido a artículos de texto completo, los artículos seleccionados se sometieron a una lectura crítica, utilizando la evaluación de Jover para identificar su grado de evidencia. Resultados: En la selección definitiva se eligieron 08 artículos, encontramos que el 60% corresponden a Brasil, con un 20% encontramos a Cuba, finalmente con un 10% México y Venezuela respectivamente. Las investigaciones fueron experimentales y una revisión sistemática correspondiente. La producción científica en un 62.5%, procede de Brasil, en tanto que México, Cuba y Venezuela constituyen el 12.5% cada uno. Del total de artículos analizados 30% afirma que las condiciones y calidad del agua son importantes para procesos adecuados de limpieza y otros procedimientos relacionados a la salud, un 30% se relaciona a las propiedades, características y condiciones en que las enzimas ejercen un desempeño adecuado, finalmente un 40% estuvo relacionado a los procesos y las intervenciones que giran en torno al uso de detergentes enzimáticos. Conclusiones: El uso de agua blanda en la dilución del detergente enzimático mantiene las propiedades y actividad química de las enzimas de manera eficiente permitiendo su acción frente a la materia orgánica.
Acceso abierto
Enfermedades diarreicas agudas en relación a la calidad del agua de consumo humano en Tayacaja – Huancavelica, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-11-20) Aldazábal Alarcón, Janeth Roxana; Millones Gomez, Segundo German
The objective of the study is to determine the relationship that exists between acute diarrheal diseases (EDAs) and the quality of water for human consumption in Tayacaja-Huancavelica, 2023. The study has a non-experimental, longitudinal and correlational design; with a population of 379 town centers in the province of Tayacaja, Huancavelica region, the sample covered 191 town centers and the sampling method used was non-probabilistic; therefore, precise parameters for inclusion and exclusion were put into practice. As a result, of the 23 districts examined, 9 districts have a high prevalence of EDAs. Regarding the relationship between EDAs and water quality, there is a significant relationship since p=0.000 and a chi square value of 86.854 were obtained. In the dimension of physicochemical parameters, it was revealed that there is a notable connection between EDAs and the absence of residual chlorine in water for human consumption, obtaining a value of p=0.000 and a chi-square value of 135.922; On the contrary, in the relationship between EDAs and the turbidity of water intended for human consumption, no significant correlation has been established. In the dimension of parasitological parameters, no significant relationship was found between EDAs and the presence of harmful parasites in water for human consumption, obtaining a p value = 0.932 and a chi-square value of 0.007. In the dimension of microbiological parameters, it was determined that there is an important correlation between the EDAs with the presence of total Coliforms in water for human consumption, a statistical value of p=0.000 and a chi-square value of 125.319 was obtained; Furthermore, in the correlation between EDAs and the presence of thermotolerant Coliforms, a notable association was also established with a p value = 0.000 and a chi-square value of 35.236. It was concluded that water quality is related to the appearance of acute diarrheal diseases in the province of Tayacaja.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación de la calidad microbiológica y fisicoquímica del agua para consumo humano de los dispensadores de oficinas farmacéuticas del AA.HH. Mariscal Cáceres del distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho – Lima, 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-05) Soto Prudencio, Maria Claudia; Chávez Becerra, María Cleodesvinda; Collanque Pinto, Jesús Daniel
The present work entitled “Evaluation of the Microbiological and Physicochemical Quality of Drinking Water from Dispensers in Pharmaceutical Offices of the Human Settlement Mariscal Cáceres, District of San Juan de Lurigancho – Lima, 2019” aimed to evaluate the microbiological and physicochemical quality of drinking water from dispensers. The study was non-experimental, developed in a descriptive and cross-sectional manner, and the analysis consisted of 53 samples. The membrane filtration method was used for the microbiological analysis. The results showed that 15.1% presented values above 500 CFU/mL of heterotrophic bacteria, 24.5% exceeded the maximum permissible limits of total coliforms, 9.4% showed the presence of Escherichia coli, and 28.3% of dispensers were observed in poor condition, of which 20.8% did not meet proper hygiene standards. Meanwhile, 71.7% of dispensers were observed in good condition, but within these, 1.9% did not comply with the recommended hygiene. Regarding physicochemical parameters, two aspects did not meet the permissible limits: appearance and residual free chlorine. In conclusion, 49.1% (n = 26) did not comply, while 50.9% (n = 27) did comply with the microbiological and physicochemical quality of the water. The results were evaluated according to the Regulation on the Quality of Drinking Water for Human Consumption: D.S. No. 031-2010-SA / Directorate General of Environmental Health – Ministry of Health. Lima – Peru, 2011.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación de los parámetros de control obligatorio de la calidad del agua para consumo humano en los reservorios del centro poblado rural Río Seco – Cieneguilla, marzo–octubre, 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-07-21) Chacmana Asturima, Edgar Angel; Blas Manyari, Cristopher Isaac; Collanque Pinto, Jesús Daniel
The study of water quality has been evaluated by many national and international studies, as it is essential and vital for water intended for human consumption to have the necessary characteristics to ensure its risk-free consumption. The WHO, through its guidelines for drinking water quality, emphasizes prevention and sustainable access to drinking water for economic development. Locally, the General Directorate of Environmental Health (DIGESA) aligns with this, especially with its regulatory framework DS-031-2010-SA. The objective of this study was to evaluate the mandatory control parameters for the quality of water for human consumption in the reservoirs of the Rio Seco – Cieneguilla rural town center, from March to October 2019. The methodology used was a descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study with quantitative microbiological and physical analysis based on current regulations. The population consisted of 46 properties, and quality was evaluated according to the following parameters: Determination of total coliforms and Escherichia coli, and determination of physical parameters (pH, residual chlorine, turbidity, and color). An evaluation through surveys showed that 67.4% of properties did not continuously clean their reservoir and 28.3% did not purify the water they consumed. This improved after training was provided, with a predisposition to improve sanitary measures, resulting in 70% purifying their water and 80% continuously cleaning their reservoirs. Results: 97.8% (45 samples) tested positive for total coliforms, and 34.8% (16 samples) tested positive for Escherichia coli. These results were compared with the permissible parameters according to current drinking water quality regulations. Conclusion: The water consumed by the population does not comply with the mandatory microbiological parameters of the DS N° 031-2010 SA, DIGESA regulation.