Association between childhood trauma and mental health disorders in adolescents during the second pandemic wave of COVID-19, Chiclayo-Peru
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Date
2023-06-22Author(s)
Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.
León-Figueroa, Darwin A.
Dawson, Franccesca M.
Burga-Cachay, Stefany C.
Fernandez-Canani, Maria A.
Failoc-Rojas, Virgilio E.
Pereira-Victorio, César Johan
Valladares-Garrido, Danai
Inga-Berrospi, Fiorella
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“Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected mental
health, with children and adolescents being particularly vulnerable. Evidence
on the association between childhood trauma and mental health outcomes in
schoolchildren during the pandemic is limited. This study aimed to evaluate this
relationship in Chiclayo city, northern Peru, during the second wave of COVID-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional secondary data study was conducted, measuring
childhood trauma using the Marshall’s Trauma Scale, depressive symptomatology
(PHQ-9), and anxiety symptomatology (GAD-7). Additional variables assessed were
alcohol use (AUDIT), resilience (abbreviated CD-RISC), and socio-educational
data. Prevalence ratios were estimated using generalized linear models.
Results: Among 456 participants, 88.2% were female, with a mean age of 14.5 years
(SD: 1.33). Depressive symptomatology prevalence was 76.3% (95%CI: 72.14–
80.15) and increased by 23% in schoolchildren with childhood trauma (PR: 1.23;
95%CI: 1.10–1.37). Factors positively associated with depressive symptomatology
included increasing age, seeking mental health help during the pandemic, and
severe family dysfunction. Anxiety symptomatology prevalence was 62.3% (95%CI:
57.65–66.75) and increased by 55% in schoolchildren with childhood trauma (PR:
1.55; 95%CI: 1.31–1.85). Anxiety symptomatology was positively associated with
mild, moderate, and severe family dysfunction.
Conclusion: Schoolchildren exposed to childhood trauma are at increased risk
for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Monitoring the impact of the COVID-19
pandemic on adolescent mental health is vital. These findings can assist schools
in establishing effective measures to prevent mental health outcomes“
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