Examinando por Autor "Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas"

Mostrando 1 - 14 de 14

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-06) Torres Santisteban, Karla Isabel; Cárdenas Hernández, Rosario Alicia; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To describe the management of a clinical case of placental accreta in a woman with a previous cesarean section and a diagnosis of placenta previa at the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute. Materials and Methods: This is a case study chosen at the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute in Lima, May 2017. Personal, pathological, obstetric history, clinical examination, diagnoses, auxiliary tests, specialty management, and the evolution from admission through emergency to medical discharge were analyzed, considering relevant references about the clinical case. Results: A clinical case of a 42-year-old multigravida, multiparous woman at 38 weeks of gestation is presented. She was diagnosed with placental accreta with risk factors including a previous cesarean section, advanced maternal age, placenta previa, and multiparity. The patient underwent a cesarean section and suffered a massive hemorrhage of over 1500 cc due to total placenta previa adhered to the uterine segment, which required immediate total abdominal hysterectomy. A live newborn was delivered with a normal Apgar score and appropriate weight for gestational age. The patient progressed favorably postoperatively and was discharged on the fifth day of hospitalization. Conclusion: The relevant risk factors for the clinical suspicion of placental accreta that must be considered during prenatal care are mainly obstetric history, such as a previous cesarean section and a diagnosis of placenta previa.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Lumbre Tarazona, Yosali Esthefany; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To determine the adverse effects experienced by users of subdermal implants who attended the Family Planning Clinic at Hospital María Auxiliadora between June 2016 and February 2017. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study included 128 medical records of patients reporting adverse effects. Results: Most of the study population was aged 20–24 years, with adolescents accounting for 10.2%. The highest educational level was higher education (44.5%), and 66.4% were cohabiting, while 48.4% were homemakers. The most frequently reported adverse effects were menstrual pattern alterations (46.9%), weight changes (32.8%), and headaches (36%). Among menstrual pattern alterations, amenorrhea was the most common (25.8%). Regarding menstrual patterns over time, the highest percentages were normal cycles (17.9%) and spotting (6.3%) in the first 1–2 months; normal cycles (18.8%) and amenorrhea (9.4%) in months 3–4; and normal cycles (16.4%) and amenorrhea (12.5%) in months 5–6. Less frequent adverse effects included mood changes (8.6%), breast tension (11.7%), and pain at the insertion site (3.9%). Conclusion: The most commonly reported adverse effects were weight changes, headaches, and menstrual pattern alterations, with amenorrhea being the most prevalent.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-11) Ayala Achulla, Joselyn; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with cervical cancer in patients attending the Gynecology-Oncology outpatient clinic at María Auxiliadora Hospital from January to December 2016. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. A total of 175 medical records of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer were used. Results: Regarding the onset of sexual activity, 58% of the population began sexual relations between the ages of 15 and 19 years, and 58% had 2 to 3 sexual partners. In terms of parity, 46% were multiparous. Concerning contraceptive methods, 40% opted for oral contraceptives. The predominant age range was 20 to 65 years, accounting for 87%. Regarding education level, 44% of the patients had a secondary education. Conclusions: The predominant risk factors for cervical cancer were early initiation of sexual activity, the number of sexual partners, and secondary education level. The prevalence rate was 25 cases per 1000 patients attending the Gynecology-Oncology outpatient clinic at María Auxiliadora Hospital.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Lumbre Tarazona, Yosali Esthefany; Mantilla Valverde, Stephanie Claudia; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To determine the adverse effects experienced by users of subdermal implants attending the Family Planning Clinic at Hospital María Auxiliadora between June 2016 and February 2017. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study included 128 medical records of patients reporting adverse effects. Results: Most of the study population was aged 20–24 years, with adolescents accounting for 10.2%. The highest educational level was higher education (44.5%), 66.4% were cohabiting, and 48.4% were homemakers. The most frequently reported adverse effects were menstrual pattern alterations (46.9%), weight changes (32.8%), and headaches (36%). Among menstrual pattern alterations, amenorrhea was the most common (25.8%). Regarding menstrual patterns over time, the highest percentages were normal cycles (17.9%) and spotting (6.3%) in months 1–2; normal cycles (18.8%) and amenorrhea (9.4%) in months 3–4; and normal cycles (16.4%) and amenorrhea (12.5%) in months 5–6. Less frequent adverse effects included mood changes (8.6%), breast tension (11.7%), and pain at the insertion site (3.9%). Conclusion: The most commonly reported adverse effects were weight changes, headaches, and menstrual pattern alterations, with amenorrhea being the most prevalent.
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Association between the duration of the active phase of labor in primiparous women and intrapartum fetal asphyxia – Hospital de Apoyo “Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes” Carhuaz, January - December 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-02-12) Pajuelo Rurush, Gaure Miriam; Asto Mercado, Roxana; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
The general objective was considered: to determine if there is an association between the duration of the active phase of labor in primiparas and intrapartum fetal asphyxia, in the “Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes” Carhuaz support hospital during 2016; The methodological design that was used is: quantitative, observational, descriptive, correlational, analytical, retrospective and transversal, 123 clinical histories of primiparas treated between January to December 2016 were taken, in the Gynecology-Obstetrics service, from which were selected to 96 cases; Results: no relationship was found between the duration of the active phase of labor in primiparas and the appearance of intrapartum fetal asphyxia, with p-value > 0.05 and OR=1.0 with a CI: 0.416 - 2.403. Conclusions: There is no association of the duration of the active phase of the dilation period of labor in primiparas with the appearance of intrapartum fetal asphyxia, the only risk factors related to the appearance of fetal asphyxia are maternal age and the presence of circular cord with p-value < 0.05.
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Association of pre-gestational body mass index with obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women attended at the Surquillo Health Center in 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-11) Huaman Calzada, Karem Jossylin; Yarlequé Dioses, Leonila Esther; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To determine the relationship between pre-gestational body mass index and maternal and perinatal complications in pregnant women attended at the Surquillo Health Center - Lima, 2016. Design: Observational, cross-sectional, correlational. Participants: 162 pregnant women. Interventions: The data collection technique was document review, and the instrument was a data sheet. The Chi-square test was used for association. Results: The average pre-gestational body mass index was 25.5. 56.8% of pregnant women had a normal pre-gestational BMI, 22.2% were overweight, 17.3% were obese, and 3.7% were underweight. The obstetric complications found were: cesarean section (38.9%), urinary tract infection (32.5%), anemia (20.4%), preeclampsia (7.4%), preterm labor (6.8%), abortion (4.9%), diabetes (0.9%). The perinatal complications found were: macrosomia (12.3%), low birth weight (7.4%), asphyxia (3.1%), and perinatal death (1.2%). Conclusions: There is a statistically significant association between preeclampsia and obesity, abortion and obese pregnant women, obesity and cesarean delivery, and obesity and perinatal death.
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Epidemiological characteristics and factors associated with cesarean section at the Maternal and Child Center José Carlos Mariátegui from August 2016 to July 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-01-15) Rojas Morón, Miriam Danaiz; Vargas Arzubiaga, Carla Stephany; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Caesarean section is a common surgical intervention in the world that allows saving human lives; it is performed without clinical indications. The general objective is the epidemiological characteristics and factors associated with cesarean section. Furthermore, it was a non-experimental, observational, mixed, retrospective cross-sectional research. The sample consisted of 122 medical records. The results were analyzed in the statistical program SPSS version 21, finding an incidence of 45.97% of dystocic births. With respect to epidemiological characteristics, age, 27.87% of patients are between 30-34 years old and 8.2% are between 15-19 years old. Regarding parity, 38.52% of patients have second digestion and 3.28% are highly multiparous. Marital status: 36.07% are cohabiting and 30.33% are married. Level of education: 37.7% of patients have secondary school and 19.67% have higher education. Occupation: 54.9% are independent and only 11.48% are students. Origin 66.39% are from the coastal area and 0.82% are from abroad In maternal factors associated with cesarean section, 48.36% had a previous cesarean section and 1.64% had soft tissue dystocias. In relation to fetal factors associated with cesarean section, 55.74% did not have any fetal indication for cesarean section and 1.64% had malformations. In relation to mixed factors associated with cesarean section, 95.9% did not have any mixed indication for cesarean section and 0.82% had preeclampsia. Finally, in anesthetic, infectious, surgical and hemorrhagic complications, 100% did not have any of them.
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Level of knowledge and attitude towards cervical cancer prevention in adolescents attending external consultations at San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital, 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-05-09) Poblet Garcia, Janet Milagros; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To identify personal risk factors associated with reactive HIV test results in pregnant women seen at the PROCETS clinic of the Hipólito Unanue National Hospital between 2014 and 2017. Methodology: Observational, retrospective cross-sectional, case-control analytical design. Sample size consisted of 133 pregnant women with reactive HIV test results and 133 pregnant women without reactive HIV test results. Results: Educational level (p=0.0005) was associated with reactive HIV test results. Having more than one sexual partner (p=0.0002) was associated with reactive HIV test results. A history of STIs (p=0.0003) and being a sex worker (p=0.044) were associated with reactive HIV test results. The trimester of pregnancy (p=0.013) and drug use (p=0.010) were associated with a reactive HIV test result. Conclusions: Personal risk factors associated with a reactive HIV test result in pregnant women seen at the PROCETS clinic were educational level, having more than one sexual partner in the last 5 years, a history of STIs, being a sex worker, and the trimester of pregnancy.
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Macrosomy diagnosis: comparative study between the Johnson method- Toshach and the fetal weighting by ecography in term managers in the San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital in the year, 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-03-08) Caro Castañeda, Gabriela Veronica; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
The study was of a cross-sectional retrospective comparative analytical type, where a sample of 208 pregnant women with a diagnosis of macrosomia was taken at the San Juan De Lurigancho Hospital to determine the most precise method for the diagnosis, resulting in confirmation of the null hypothesis since the most accurate method was the fetal weighting calculated by ultrasound compared to the Johnson-Toshach method. According to the sociodemographic results, 45.7% were between 20-34 years old, 66.3% had secondary education and 60.1% were in a cohabiting relationship.
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Maternal-fetal risk factors for developing gestational diabetes in patients attended at Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue in 2014 and 2015
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Callupe Fabián, Lucero; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
In the present study, a methodology is used to determine the sociodemographic, cultural, and economic characteristics of women over 18 years old who had an abortion at the Hipólito Unanue National Hospital between January and October of 2015. It was revealed that the sociodemographic characteristics include: early age, cohabiting marital status, secondary education level, currently working, being from the coastal region, residing in El Agustino, and experiencing psychological family pressure due to economic instability. Additionally, the cultural characteristics highlighted include: machismo, due to the lack of partner participation in household chores, a situation unfortunately justified by the respondents; and the Catholic religion, which most respondents profess. Finally, the most notable economic characteristics are: a monthly income between 600 and 1000 soles, monthly expenses less than 600 soles, three people living in the household, no economic dependency, two family members contributing to household expenses, and living in a brick-built house. Keywords: Abortion, Sociodemographic Characteristics, Cultural Characteristics, Economic Characteristics
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Postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-02-10) Quispe Cossio, Dalila Isabel; Velasquez Rojas, Yesabella Natali; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
This case presents a 41-year-old patient, a grand multipara with a history of 5 vaginal deliveries, one of which was macrosomic. Additionally, she has mild preeclampsia. She is admitted at 3 centimeters dilated and experiences hypodynamia during labor, which leads to the stimulation of labor. The delivery initially progresses normally, but then uterine atony develops, which is managed with the application of the red code.
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Risk factors of breast cáncer in women who come to the gineco service- oncology of the Maria Auxiliadora Hospital – 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-25) Mamani Leandro, Katherine Fiorella; Pardo Cortez, Ana Maria Corona; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To determine the risk factors for breast cancer in women attending the Gyneco-Oncology Department of María Auxiliadora Hospital in 2017. This was an observational, cross-sectional, comparative, retrospective study. The sample included 150 breast cancer cases and a control group of 150 individuals. Age was not identified as a risk factor for breast cancer. The mean age of women diagnosed with breast cancer was 42.5 years (SD = 6.8), while the mean age of the control group was 43.2 years (SD = 7.5). A history of breast cancer was observed in 43.3% (65) of the cases, compared to only 17.3% (26) in the control group, representing a 3.5-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer [OR = 3.5; CI 2.10 – 6.11]. Women who used contraceptives had a 1.76 times higher risk of developing breast cancer [OR = 1.76; 95% CI: 1.03 – 3.02]. Harmful habits were also identified as a risk factor for breast cancer in this study.
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Syphilis during pregnancy causing neonatal death at María Auxiliadora Hospital.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-07) Neira Varillas, Milagros Rocío; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum. This disease impacts the health of both the pregnant woman and the newborn, which is why universal screening should be performed. A case of maternal syphilis is presented, which led to neonatal death due to congenital syphilis. The clinical manifestations reported during prenatal care and the operational errors in the healthcare system related to this case are described. This clinical case presents a 29-year-old patient with syphilis during pregnancy that resulted in neonatal death due to severe congenital syphilis. The obstetric history of the case includes two previous children born through vaginal delivery. In the current pregnancy, the patient attended six prenatal check-ups at CMI José Carlos Mariátegui, evaluated by a multidisciplinary team. During the first check-up, syphilis screening was not performed due to a lack of reagents, so the patient underwent private syphilis testing. The quantitative RPR result was reactive at eight dilutions (DILS), which led to referral to the Hospital María Auxiliadora for specialized evaluation, management, and confirmation of the privately obtained result. At this tertiary care hospital, an immunochromatographic (rapid) syphilis test was conducted, which returned a non-reactive result, and no treatment was prescribed. In the ninth week of pregnancy, the patient developed a rash on her abdomen without pruritus, accompanied by a sensation of mild fever, which was diagnosed as dermatitis. Subsequent prenatal check-ups were within normal limits, and at 32 weeks of gestation, a second maternal profile was performed, in which the quantitative RPR result was reactive at 16 DILS. Three days after starting parenteral penicillin treatment, the patient returned to the emergency room with signs of preterm labor and acute fetal distress, and was immediately transferred to a tertiary care hospital where the pregnancy was concluded via emergency cesarean section.
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Urinary infection as a risk factor for prematurity and low weight at birth in the Maria Auxiliadora Hospital in the march period – may, 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-11-08) Ricci Cuellar, Joseline Anggi; Valencia Chavez, Anghie Esthefani; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Determine if urinary infection is a risk factor for prematurity and low birth weight at the María Auxiliadora Hospital in the period of March - May, 2019.