Examinando por Materia "Arsénico"

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Acceso abierto
Análisis del contenido de arsénico, plomo y cadmio en raíces y vegetales de hojas del mercado mayorista de Lima Perú -2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-05-25) Gonza Togas, Yuli; Espinoza Rado, Erika Paola
Objetivo: Evaluar el contenido de metales pesados en raíces y vegetales de hojas del mercado mayorista de Lima 2023. Metodología: se utilizó el enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo analítico transversal. La muestra fue papa, zanahoria, lechuga y espinaca 500gr para cada alimento y fue recolectado del mercado mayorista de Lima Perú 2023. Se utilizo el análisis AOAC con diferentes series para cada metal pesado. Nivel de confianza 95% Para comprobar si las mediciones de la concentración de los contaminantes en los productos analizados sobrepasan los límites establecidos por normativa, se utilizará la prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon, con un p-valor de 0 a un nivel de significancia de 5%. Resultados: se obtuvo mediante la prueba estadística que la presencia de metales pesados fue menor a los límites establecidos. Con un p-valor de 0 a un nivel de significancia de 5% y se pudo confirmar que existe evidencia estadística suficiente para rechazar la hipótesis nula y podemos concluir que la mediana de las mediciones sí es menor a 0.5. Por lo que se concluye que la concentración de Arsénico, plomo y cadmio en la Papa, zanahoria, lechuga y espinaca es menor al máximo establecido por la norma. Conclusiones: el análisis del contenido de arsénico, plomo y cadmio en raíces y vegetales de hojas del mercado mayorista de lima Perú-2023, fueron menores a los límites establecidos por las normas nacionales, se deben realizar próximos estudios con muestras de otras zonas o en suelos contaminados con actividad minera, además se recomienda adquirir los alimentos de los lotes que están por comercializar en punto de origen para comparar resultados.
Acceso abierto
Concentración de mercurio y arsénico en Aulacomya atra Choro comercializado en los terminales pesqueros de Ancón, Ventanilla, Chorrillos y Villa María del Triunfo en enero del 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-13) Centurión Contreras, Marleni; Centurión Contreras, Luz Aurora; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
The objective of this research was to determine the concentration of mercury and arsenic in samples of Aulacomya atra (choros), which were collected from four fishing terminals located in Lima, Peru. The research methodology was cross-sectional and descriptive. Two calibration curves for mercury and arsenic using standard solutions were developed to measure the concentration of heavy metals in bivalves, which were analyzed using cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a hydride generator for mercury and flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a hydride generator for arsenic. All filter-feeding bivalves were collected from the fishing terminals of Ancón, Ventanilla, Chorrillos, and Villa María del Triunfo. The results of this investigation showed low mercury concentrations in the 20 samples analyzed, ranging from 0.03 to 0.25 ppm for Hg and 0.32 to 1.35 ppm for As. Compared with Peruvian standards, the data obtained showed levels of this metal below the maximum allowable limit (0.5 ppm) according to SANIPES. It was concluded that the concentrations of the heavy metals analyzed do not exceed the maximum permissible values.
Acceso abierto
Cuantificación de plomo, cadmio y arsénico en granos de cacao Theobroma cacao L. y café Coffea arábica L. de la zona de Jaén – Cajamarca durante el periodo febrero–julio 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-06) Condezo Nuñez, Silvia; Huaraca Mezones, Carmen Victoria; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
Coffee and cocoa are consumed worldwide and have gained international recognition. Many producers cultivate these crops using pesticides, or the soils in which they are grown are contaminated with heavy metals that can be absorbed by the plants. For this reason, it was necessary to quantify the concentrations of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao L.) and coffee beans (Coffea arabica L.) from the Jaén – Cajamarca region, during the period from February to July 2018. A total of sixteen samples were collected and analyzed using the atomic absorption method associated with graphite furnace and FIAS hydride generation. The results showed that in coffee beans from the Jaén – Cajamarca region, the average concentrations were 0.11 µg/g for arsenic, 0.11 µg/g for cadmium, and 1.18 µg/g for lead. Most of the analyzed samples did not exceed the maximum values permitted by MERCOSUR regulations, making them suitable for consumption. In cocoa beans from the Jaén – Cajamarca region, the average concentrations were 0.08 µg/g for arsenic, 0.07 µg/g for cadmium, and 0.10 µg/g for lead. When compared with the permissible values established by the Codex Alimentarius, the concentrations of each metal found indicated that more than 60% of the samples are admissible for human consumption.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en maca (Lepidium meyenii) expendida en el mercado 10 de Octubre durante el período de junio–octubre 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2016) Espinoza Dominguez, Judith; Quispe Huillca, Yessica; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
Maca (Lepidium meyenii) is a plant that grows above 4000 meters of altitude in the Central Andes of Peru, presenting different varieties based on the color of its hypocotyl. For this reason, we conducted a study on 28 samples to quantitatively determine the concentration of Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) in maca (Lepidium meyenii) sold in the Mercado 10 de Octubre during the period of June–October 2016. The average concentration of Arsenic was 0.38 mg/kg with minimum figures of 0.17 mg/kg and maximum figures of 0.67 mg/kg. The average concentration of Cadmium was 0.32 mg/kg with minimum figures of 0.06 mg/kg and maximum figures of 0.62 mg/kg. The average concentration of Lead was 0.34 mg/kg with minimum figures of 0.12 mg/kg and maximum figures of 0.67 mg/kg. The values found were: 29% of the analyzed maca (Lepidium meyenii) samples exceeded the limit permitted by MERCOSUR for As (0.50 mg/kg). 14% of the Cd concentrations in maca exceeded the permitted value given by MERCOSUR for Cd (0.50 mg/kg), and 29% of the analyzed samples exceeded the permitted value given by MERCOSUR for Pb.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de arsénico, cobre, níquel y plomo en margarinas y mantequillas expendidas en el mercado de Caquetá – San Martin de Porres – periodo de Junio–Octubre 2015
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Altamirano Verastegui, Luis Antonio; Cruz Quispe, Edwin; Churango Valdez, Javier
Margarine and butter are widely consumed products, being among the most commonly used cooking ingredients alongside oil. Investigating their quality is of great importance from both health and commercial perspectives. Heavy metals pose a serious risk as they tend to bioaccumulate in biological organisms, increasing their concentration and potentially causing harmful effects on internal organs, the nervous system, kidneys, liver, and lungs. For this reason, a study was conducted to quantitatively determine the levels of arsenic, copper, nickel, and lead in margarines and butters sold at the Caquetá market in San Martín de Porres during the period June–October 2015, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Seventeen samples of margarines and butters were collected for analysis. The results showed that the average concentrations of arsenic, copper, nickel, and lead were: As 0.07 mg/kg, Cu 0.09 mg/kg, Ni 0.28 mg/kg, and Pb 0.11 mg/kg. These results were compared against the Codex Alimentarius, the Ecuadorian Technical Standard, and the Venezuelan Technical Standard.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de arsénico, níquel y cobalto en las tintas para tatuaje corporal comercializados en Lima Metropolitana durante el periodo enero–febrero 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-05) Idrogo Delgado, César Olmedo; Montenegro Diaz, Evelyn Marianela; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
In this research, the concentrations of Arsenic, Nickel, and Cobalt were determined in samples of tattoo inks marketed in Metropolitan Lima, in order to establish whether these were within the permissible concentrations according to EPA 0128: Environmental Protection Authority Guidelines for Tattooing and Permanent Makeup. A total of 15 samples from different brands of tattoo inks marketed in Metropolitan Lima were collected, with black, red, and blue selected as the colors most frequently used in tattoo practice. The metals were quantified by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The average levels of Arsenic, Nickel, and Cobalt in the blue ink samples were 0.12, 0.20, and 30.0 ppm, respectively. The average levels of Arsenic, Nickel, and Cobalt in the black ink samples were 0.13, 14.29, and 0.49 ppm, respectively, while the average levels of Arsenic, Nickel, and Cobalt in the red ink samples were 0.23, 0.16, and 0.45 ppm, respectively. The values found were compared with the parameters established by EPA 0128.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de la concentración de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en zumo de “Caña de Azúcar“ (saccharum officinarum) expendidos ambulatoriamente en la Provincia Constitucional del Callao durante el periodo mayo–setiembre 2014
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Aylas Quispe, Fredy Jesus; Aylas Quispe, Yudit; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
Heavy metals released into the environment by industrial activities can affect the development of sugarcane crops. In order to determine the current levels of heavy metals (As, Cd, and Pb), 25 samples of sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum) sold in the Constitutional Province of Callao were analyzed between May and September 2014. The determination of heavy metals in sugarcane juice was carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with hydride generation for arsenic, and atomic absorption spectrophotometry with graphite furnace for cadmium and lead. The results obtained for each heavy metal (As, Cd, and Pb) were compared with the permissible limits established by the Codex Alimentarius, the Ecuadorian Technical Standard, and MERCOSUR. The mean concentrations of the total heavy metals in sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum) were 0.02 ppm for arsenic, 0.05 ppm for cadmium, and 0.21 ppm for lead.
Acceso abierto
Determinación cuantitativa de la concentración de mercurio y arsénico en pejerrey (Odontesthes regia) comercializado en el Terminal Pesquero de Ancón durante el periodo setiembre–octubre 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-05-27) Vega Silvestre, Diana Marlene; Leon Delgado, Verni Anavella; Cárdenas Orihuela, Robert Armando
Currently, evaluating metal levels in fish is a topic of national and global public health interest. Since a large number of metals contaminate rivers, lakes, and seas, it is important to determine if these products comply with the maximum permissible limits for mercury and arsenic established by the National Fisheries Health Service (SANIPES) of Peru, and thus evaluate if there is a risk to the consuming population. Methods: To determine mercury, a mercury hollow-cathode lamp was used at a wavelength of 253.70 nm via a graphite furnace. For arsenic determination, an arsenic hollow-cathode lamp was used at a wavelength of 193.70 nm via a hydride generator. Result: No values were found to exceed the maximum permissible limits for mercury and arsenic. Conclusion: The pejerrey (Odontesthes regia) sold at the Ancón fishing terminal is suitable for optimal human consumption.
Acceso abierto
Determinacion de arsenico en arroz envasado a granel expendido en los mercados de Lima Metropolitana, mes de noviembre año 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-09-12) Tejeda Guillermo, Manuel Ángel; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
The objective of this research was to determine the average concentration of arsenic in bulk-packaged rice sold in the markets of Metropolitan Lima in November 2020. Method: A total of 33 polished rice samples, both national and imported, were evaluated. The samples were obtained from the South, East, and North Zones of Metropolitan Lima and were analyzed using the Atomic Absorption with Hydride Generator Method. Data were recorded with a validated instrument, and standard values (200 µg of arsenic/kg of rice) from the Codex Alimentarius and European Union Regulation 2015/1006 were used for comparison. Results: From the total of 33 samples, an average value of 155.5 μg of arsenic/kg was obtained. The average value for the 30 national samples was 154.7 μg/kg, and the average for the 3 imported samples was 163.3 μg/kg. Conclusions: The average values were below the international standards. The average inorganic arsenic values in national rice were within the permitted limits (155.5 μg of arsenic/kg), but 50% of the samples analyzed from the North Zone of Metropolitan Lima had values above the established standard, which suggests a need for further investigation.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en barras de chocolate adquiridas en el centro comercial Polvos Azules de Lima Metropolitana en el periodo enero-febrero 2016
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Velazque Leiva, Miguel Angel; Hernández Aguilar, Manuel Gregorio
The purpose of this thesis is to determine the concentrations of Arsenic, Cadmium and Lead in chocolate bars purchased at the Polvos Azules Shopping Center in Metropolitan Lima. A collection of chocolate brands sold at the Polvos Azules Shopping Center in Metropolitan Lima was carried out, having a total of 10 samples, the analyzes were performed using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method by hydride generator for Arsenic and by graphite furnace for Cadmium and Lead. Arsenic concentrations ranged from 0.21 mg / kg to 0.47 mg / kg with an average of 0.30 mg / kg, Cadmium concentrations ranged from 0.21 mg / kg to 0.57 mg / kg with an average of 0.34 mg / kg and Lead concentrations ranged from 0.15 mg / kg to 0.28 mg / kg with an average of 0.20 mg / kg. It is concluded that 100% of the chocolate bar samples purchased at the Polvos Azules shopping center in Metropolitan Lima during the period January-February 2016 contained concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, and lead; and did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration established by the Codex Alimentarius for each of these.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en especias en polvo: ají paprika (Capsicum annuum, L.), ají panca (Capsicum chinense), pimienta (Piper nigrum) y comino (Cuminum cyminum), expendidos en el Mercado Caquetá – San Martín de Porres, Lima en el periodo enero – 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-05) Llallahui Murga, Fiorella Margoth; Quispe Huisa, Luisa; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
The use of aromatic plants and spices in cooking constitutes a basic principle for the application of natural nutrition. Agricultural products can be contaminated with toxic heavy metals, including Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead. High levels of these metals tend to accumulate in the soil surface, becoming accessible for consumption. The contamination of food products is becoming an inevitable problem, as air, soil, and water pollution contribute to the presence of harmful elements. The analysis of powdered spice samples showed variable concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, and lead in their composition. These values were subsequently compared with the limits established by the WHO.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de arsénico, cadmio y plomo en nueces, almendras y maníes comercializados en el mercado de Caquetá de febrero-julio 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-17) Mazuelos Alfaro, Héctor Jesús; Albornoz Reyes, Willy Jhonatan; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
The general objective of this study was to quantify Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd) and Lead (Pb) in samples of Walnut (Juglans regia), Almond (Prunus dulcis) and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) marketed in the Caquetá market during the period from January to July 2019. 15 samples were taken from 5 different stalls in the Caquetá market. The technique used was Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry for Lead (Pb) and Cadmium (Cd). The average values of each 5 samples of nuts for Lead (Pb) were 0.80 mg / Kg in Nuts, 0.66 mg / Kg in Peanuts and 0.72 mg / Kg in Almonds, reaching the average value of Nuts to the limit, exceeding 6 of 15 samples analyzed in a total percentage of 40% the Maximum Permissible Limits established by MERCOSUR (0.80 mg / Kg), The average values of each 5 samples of nuts for Cadmium (Cd) were 0.09 mg / Kg in Nuts, 0.19 mg / Kg in Peanuts and 0.15 mg / Kg in Almonds, not reaching the average value of Peanuts to the limit, exceeding 4 of 15 samples analyzed the Maximum Permissible Limits established by the Heavy Metals Legislation of Switzerland (0.20 mg/kg), with a total percentage of 26.67%. For Arsenic (As) the technique used was Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with a Hydride Generator. The average values for Arsenic (As) were 0.56 mg/kg for Nuts, 0.72 mg/kg for Peanuts and 0.52 mg/kg for Almonds, with no value reaching the Maximum Permissible Limit, with 1 of 15 samples analyzed exceeding the Maximum Permissible Limits of MERCOSUR (0.80 mg/kg) with a total percentage of 6.67%.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de arsénico, cadmio, plomo y mercurio en quinua (Chenopodium quinoa) expendida en los mercados de La Victoria, durante el período de enero del 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-11-29) Alcocer Santivañez, Eneth Elizabeth; Huamán Huamán, Edith Cindy; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
In this investigation, the concentrations of Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury were determined in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) samples sold in the markets of La Victoria, and it was established whether these concentrations were within permissible limits according to the parameters set by MERCOSUR, the European Union, and Brazilian legislation. The technique used was Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with Graphite Furnace and Hydride Generator. The average value of Arsenic in the samples was 0.35 ppm, with extreme values of 0.16 and 0.59, with 55% exceeding the maximum permissible limit (MPL) established by MERCOSUR. The average value of Cadmium in the samples was 0.18 ppm, with extreme values of 0.08 and 0.33, with 73% exceeding the MPL established by MERCOSUR and the European Union. The average value of Mercury in the samples was 0.005 ppm, with extreme values of 0.01 and 0.011, with 9% exceeding the MPL established by Brazilian legislation. The average value of Lead in the samples was 0.20 ppm, with extreme values of 0.11 and 0.36, with 45% exceeding the MPL established by MERCOSUR and the European Union. These results indicate that there is high contamination by Arsenic, Cadmium, and Lead in quinoa sold in the markets of La Victoria – January 2018.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de arsénico, cromo, cadmio y plomo en camarones (Cryphiops caementarius) de Calango y Santa Cruz de Flores, abril a octubre del 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-04-13) Roca Esquivel, Rosario; Tello Rojas, Maribel; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
The contamination of hydrobiological species in our rivers by heavy metals is a serious and concerning issue, as it endangers the lives of these species and the populations that consume them. Objective: This research aims to determine the concentration of arsenic, chromium, cadmium, and lead in shrimp (Cryphiops caementarius) and the potential health risks for the population of Calango and Santa Cruz de Flores during the period from April to October 2020, due to exceeding the maximum permissible limits according to Brazilian Legislation and the Codex Alimentarius standards. Methodology: This was a quantitative, descriptive, basic-level study with a non-experimental, cross-sectional research design. Atomic absorption flame spectrophotometry and a hydride generator were used. Results: Shrimp samples were collected along the Mala River at 3 points in the Santa Cruz de Flores area and 7 points in the Calango area, for a total of 10 sampling points. The average values obtained were 0.89 mg/kg for arsenic, 0.040 mg/kg for chromium, 0.24 mg/kg for cadmium, and 0.44 mg/kg for lead in the shrimp samples from the designated points. These values did not exceed the maximum permissible limits set by international regulations, including Brazilian Legislation and the Codex Alimentarius, during 2020. Conclusion: The consumption of shrimp was not considered a public health risk for any of these heavy metals—cadmium, chromium, lead, and arsenic. However, due to the values found in the upper range, continuous monitoring of these metals' concentrations in these areas is recommended.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo y arsénico en desayunos expendidos en puestos de venta ambulatoria en Cercado de Lima. Periodo junio–julio de 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-09) Atachagua Bernuy, Shirley Naudy; Gonzales León, Lia Gabriela; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
The present research was carried out to evaluate the concentration of lead and arsenic in 120 samples of basic breakfasts consisting of a glass of quinoa and a bread with vegetable omelet, which were sold at street vending stalls in the Cercado de Lima during the period from June to July 2017. The amount of heavy metals was determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method using the Graphite Furnace technique. It should be noted that, for the present research, the sample consisting of a basic breakfast included a glass of quinoa and a bread with vegetable omelet, which were analyzed together. The levels of lead found in the quinoa drink samples showed an average of 13.29 ppb and a standard deviation of 7.36, with a minimum value of 4.425 ppb and a maximum value of 31.652 ppb. The bread with vegetable omelet samples showed an average of 12.05 ppb and a standard deviation of 3.74, with a minimum value of 6.425 ppb and a maximum value of 18.456 ppb. The levels of arsenic in both samples were not detected, probably because they were below the quantification limit of the technique or equipment used. The results of the research indicate that, in the quinoa drink and bread with vegetable omelet samples, the parameters of lead and arsenic did not exceed those indicated in the Codex Alimentarius.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo y arsénico en golosinas (gomas de mascar, caramelos duros y refrescos) por absorción atómica, en Lima Metropolitana, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-10-19) Remuzgo Ambrosio, Herly; Mamani Posadas, Jessica Gabriela; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
The objective of this research was to determine the concentration of lead and arsenic in candies—specifically chewing gums, hard candies, and soft drinks—using atomic absorption in Metropolitan Lima, 2021. The methodology followed a quantitative approach, applied type, and quasi-experimental design. The sample population consisted of 10 chewing gums, 10 hard candies, and 10 soft drinks, which were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: The average lead concentration in imported chewing gum was 0.0540 mg/kg, in imported hard candies 0.0520 mg/kg, and in imported soft drinks 0.0440 mg/L. For national products, the average lead concentration was 0.0480 mg/kg in chewing gum, 0.0340 mg/kg in hard candies, and 0.0460 mg/L in soft drinks. Regarding arsenic, the average concentration in imported chewing gum was 0.00380 mg/kg, in imported hard candies 0.00640 mg/kg, and in imported soft drinks 0.00180 mg/L. For national products, the average arsenic concentration was 0.00740 mg/kg in chewing gum, 0.00480 mg/kg in hard candies, and 0.00480 mg/L in soft drinks. Conclusion:The concentrations of lead and arsenic in the analyzed candies did not exceed the maximum permissible limits established by the Codex Alimentarius.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo, cadmio y arsénico en carne de pollo expendida en el mercado de Caquetá – San Martín de Porres. Lima – Perú. Noviembre del 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-08-10) Sinche Ramirez, Luis Gerardo; Canales Martínez, César Augusto
In this research, lead, cadmium, and arsenic were quantified in chicken meat samples (Gallus domesticus) sold at the Caquetá market, located in the district of San Martin de Porres in Lima, Peru, using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace and atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a hydride generator. The quantification of the mentioned elements was performed at the Center for Information, Toxicological Control, and Environmental Management Support (CICOTOX). The results obtained were as follows: the average concentration of arsenic was 0.0006 mg/kg, with a minimum value of 0.0001 mg/kg and a maximum value of 0.0027 mg/kg. The average cadmium concentration was 0.02027 mg/kg, with a minimum value of 0.0078 mg/kg and a maximum value of 0.0627 mg/kg. The average lead concentration was 0.6953 mg/kg, with a minimum concentration of 0.3047 mg/kg and a maximum concentration of 1.1953 mg/kg. It is concluded that, in chicken breast meat samples, arsenic values are within acceptable limits; however, both cadmium (8%) and lead (100%) exceed the maximum permissible limit set by MERCOSUR.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de plomo, cadmio y arsénico en hígados de pollo expendidos en el mercado Caquetá – San Martín de Porres período de marzo–julio 2015
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Espinoza Valdiviezo, Magali Karina; Suarez Zulueta, Sandra; Churango Valdez, Javier
The objective of this study was to quantitatively determine the levels of lead, cadmium, and arsenic in chicken liver sold by poultry vendors at the Caquetá Market during the period from March to July 2015. Samples were collected from 30 poultry vendors, taking one liver sample per vendor, and analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace for lead and cadmium. Arsenic was analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry with hydride generation. The results showed that the average lead concentration was 0.4326 mg/kg, below the limits established by Mercosur, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius; however, lead concentrations in 7 out of 30 samples (23%) exceeded the established limit. The average cadmium concentration was 0.4403 mg/kg, also below the limits established by Mercosur, the European Union, and the Codex Alimentarius; nevertheless, cadmium concentrations in 10 out of 30 samples (33%) exceeded the established limit. The average arsenic concentration was 0.858 mg/kg, above the limit established by Mercosur, with 7 out of 30 samples (23%) exceeding the limit. In conclusion, the analyzed samples contain heavy metals, posing a potential risk to consumers and representing a threat to public health.
Acceso abierto
Determinación por absorción atómica de plomo y arsénico en agua potable de viviendas del distrito Hualgayoc, Cajamarca – octubre 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-09) Afan Rojas, Karina; Flores Romero, Victor Emilio; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
Mining activity is one of the main sources of environmental pollution in the district of Hualgayoc, province of Hualgayoc, Cajamarca, Peru. Due to the lack of adequate sanitary control over the quality of drinking water, this study evaluated the presence of lead and arsenic in water intended for human consumption. A total of 15 water samples were collected from five different sites, and the concentrations of lead and arsenic were determined using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), a sensitive and specific analytical technique. The analyses were carried out at the Chemical Analysis Service Unit (USAQ) of the Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. The results showed that the average concentration of arsenic in drinking water was 0.0060 mg/L, with minimum and maximum values of 0.0000 mg/L and 0.0213 mg/L, respectively. In 27% of the samples, arsenic levels exceeded the Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL) established by DIGESA. The average concentration of lead was 0.0564 mg/L, ranging from 0.0105 mg/L to 0.1587 mg/L, and in 100% of the samples the concentrations exceeded the MPL established by DIGESA. These findings demonstrate a significant risk of chronic intoxication and highlight a serious public health problem for the population of Hualgayoc.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación de riesgo toxicológico en agua potable destinada para consumo humano con posibles concentraciones de plomo, mercurio y arsénico en el distrito de la Unión Leticia, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-09-04) Maldonado Mendoza, Bianca Iris; Llahuilla Quea, José Antonio
The purpose of the work was to determine the concentrations and risks of lead, mercury, and arsenic toxicity in drinking water for human consumption in the district of La Unión Leticia in 2023. For the analysis of the water, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used, and the development of a method to assess the health risks determined an average lead concentration of 0.00031 mg/L, with a minimum value of 0.00013 mg/L and a maximum value of 0.00013 mg/L. It was done, 0.00103 mg/L, not exceeding the permissible value according to the WHO and water quality standards. The mercury concentration was 0.00002 mg/L with a minimum value of 0.00001 mg/L and a maximum value of 0.00002 mg/L. In accordance with the WHO and water quality standards, it was finally determined The average arsenic concentration was determined to be 0.02745 mg/L, with a minimum of 0.022523 mg/L and a maximum of 0.03300 mg/L. This exceeds the regulatory and permitted limits for water quality and the WHO. This concentration was applied to the health risk assessment, resulting in a PI < 1. This indicates a risk of arsenic toxicity in the drinking water for human consumption in the district of La Unión Leticia in the year 2023.