Examinando por Materia "Cardiovascular Diseases"

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Association between cardiovascular risk and erythrocyte distribution width in occupational patients of the Laura Caller Iberico-2023 Polyclinic
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-20) Huamani Paliza, Carolina Mirtha; Saldaña Orejón, Italo Moisés
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a public health problem in Peru, with prevention being the primary strategy. Therefore, evaluating cardiovascular risk (CVR) in asymptomatic individuals who present risk factors is the main strategy. However, there is a need to identify new biomarkers that facilitate identification. RDW is known for its association with cardiovascular diseases, and research suggests a prognostic value for RDW. The objective was to investigate whether there is an association between cardiovascular risk and red cell distribution width (RDW) in occupational patients from the “Laura Calle Ibérico” polyclinic. Methods: The sample consisted of 201 occupational patients from the Laura Calle Ibérico polyclinic. The HEARTS application from PAHO was used to calculate CVR, and RDW, cholesterol, glucose, and other demographic data were collected on a data collection form. Results: No significant association was found between RDW and CVR (P=0.345), or between RDW, CVR, and cholesterol (P=0.97). However, an association was found between RDW, CVR, and age (P=0.000), RDW, CVR, and blood pressure (P=0.04), diabetes (P=0.00), and smoking habits (P=0.01). Furthermore, 23% of patients are at risk of developing cardiovascular issues within 10 years if corrective measures are not taken.
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Effectiveness of Mediterranean diet consumption in preventing cardiovascular diseases in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-02) Villasante Cárdenas, Melissa; Sifuentes Morales, Lucía Alejandra; Borda Izquierdo, Alejandro
The objective of the work was to analyze the evidence about the efficacy of the consumption of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adults. 10 articles were used for the systematic review which were exhaustively analyzed to identify their level of scientific evidence; obtained from the database of PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane Plus, Google Academic, etc. The 10 selected articles were randomized clinical trials (100%); where 90% state that the Mediterranean diet intervenes in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases; we can conclude that the reviewed research evidences that there is efficacy in the consumption of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Efficacy of physical exercise in cardiac rehabilitation in post-myocardial infarction patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Morales Aguinaga, Gisella Teresa; Velasquez De La Cruz, Soledad Consuelo; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
This research is a Systematic Review with an observational and retrospective research design, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice. It is observational because there is no intervention on the variables subject to measurement of the sample. Results: Cardiac rehabilitation focused on secondary prevention, on the reduction of cardiac risk, as well as on the recurrence of cardiac events and heart attacks. , which contributes to the quality of life and the reduction of mortality by 25%. Conclusions: The total of 05 articles systematically reviewed, 100% (n=5/5) evidence that physical exercise is effective for rehabilitation cardiac in post patients.
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Factores asociados al riesgo cardiovascular estimado mediante el índice aterogénico plasmático en trabajadores atendidos en programas de salud ocupacional, Lima - 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-10-30) Salazar Machado, Miguel Ángel; Saldaña Orejón, Italo Moisés
Estudio de diseño observacional, relacional, transversal. Se realizo la extracción de muestras de sangre a 200 trabajadores, seguida de un análisis en laboratorio para medir los niveles de colesterol total, lipoproteína de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL), triglicéridos glicemia en ayunas. Además de la medición de la presión arterial. Se recopiló información sobre hábitos de vida, como el consumo de tabaco. Se determino la relación logarítmica entre los niveles de triglicérido y el HDL, relación denominado Índice plasmático aterogénico. Se procedió a realizar análisis bivariados para explorar relaciones entre variables, utilizando el test de chi cuadrado de independencia.
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Factores de riesgo y complicaciones cardiovasculares en usuarios que acuden al servicio de medicina en el segundo nivel de atención
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-09-19) La Paz Ochoa, Sindy Pamela; Mori Castro, Jaime Alberto
El objetivo fue, identificar la relación entre los factores de riesgo y complicaciones cardiovasculares en usuarios que acuden al Servicio de Medicina en el segundo nivel de atención del Centro de Salud San Martin de Porres Lima-2023. El tipo de estudio fue cuantitativo y de corte transversal. Participaron 132 colaboradores, a quienes se les administraron dos cuestionarios. Como resultados, no existe relación estadísticamente significativa entre la dimensión biológico y las complicaciones cardiovasculares (Rho ,167, Sig. ,055), mientras que las dimensiones factores nutricionales (Rho ,633, Sig. ,000), hábitos nocivos (Rho ,665, Sig. ,000), y la actividad física (Rho ,529, Sig. ,000) se relacionaron estadísticamente significativa las complicaciones cardiovasculares. Se concluye que existe una correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los factores de riesgo y las complicaciones cardiovasculares en los usuarios del Servicio de Medicina en el Centro de Salud San Martín de Porres Lima-2023.
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Índice de masa corporal y principales enfermedades cardiovasculares en la población que acude al mercado San Pedro del Distrito de Lurín – Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-09-20) Mendoza López, Cinthia Elizabeth; Parreño Tipian, Juan Manuel
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el Índice de masa corporal y las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la población que acude al mercado San Pedro del distrito de Lurín – Lima 2023. Metodología: El estudio fue el hipotético – deductivo; un enfoque cuantitativo; de tipo básica, diseño no experimental, de corte transversal y de nivel descriptivo – correlacional, no probabilístico por conveniencias. La muestra estuvo constituida por 384 pobladores elegidas al azar y se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson (x2) con una p < 0,05. Como principal Resultado, se obtuvo que el IMC se relaciona con las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Su fundamento estadístico obtuvo p-valor 0,032. Se halló relación entre el IMC y las enfermedades cardiovasculares de la población según grupo de edad de 20 a 40 años con un p-valor 0,028. Asimismo, el IMC se relaciona con presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares según el género femenino con un p-valor 0,017. No se halló relación entre la variable IMC y las enfermedades cardiovasculares según la raza. Se afirma que la variable hábitos alimenticios no se relaciona con las enfermedades cardiovasculares obteniendo como un p-valor 0,126. Asimismo, se puede afirmar que la variable estilos de vida se relaciona a la presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares p-valor a 0,002. Conclusión: Se puede afirmar que el Índice de masa corporal (IMC) se relaciona significativamente con la presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares es decir a medida que el IMC varía, también lo hace la probabilidad de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Acceso abierto
Influencia de la hiperuricemia como desencadenante del riesgo coronario en personas adultas que asistieron a un laboratorio privado, Lima 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-02-28) Valdeiglesias Rosales, Patricia; Najarro Soto, Richie Allison
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de la hiperuricemia como desencadenante del riesgo coronario y dislipidemias en personas adultas que asistieron a un laboratorio privado en Lima, 2024. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, de tipo correlacional y diseño no experimental, en la que se analizaron registros de 130 pacientes y la muestra fue no probabilística. La técnica empleada fue el análisis documental y el instrumento fue la ficha de recolección de datos mediante la revisión de perfiles lipídicos y niveles de ácido úrico. Se usó el programa estadístico SPSS versión 27 para determinar la distribución de frecuencia, media, mediana, desviación estándar, mínimo y máximo para las variables numéricas, así como la Rho de Spearman para evaluar las correlaciones. Los resultados indicaron una prevalencia de hiperuricemia del 10.8%, con correlaciones positivas y significativas entre ácido úrico y colesterol total (r=0,257, p=0,003), triglicéridos (r=0,244, p=0,005), y colesterol LDL (r=0,237, p=0,007). No se encontró una correlación significativa con el colesterol HDL (r=-0,035, p=0,697). La conclusión del estudio establece que la hiperuricemia está asociada con un mayor riesgo de dislipidemias y riesgo coronario, destacando la importancia de su monitoreo en la prevención de complicaciones cardiovasculares.
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Knowledge about arterial hypertension and adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients in a hospital in the region of Huanuco - 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-10-29) Mandujano Trujillo, Elizabet; Montoro Valdivia, Marcos Antonio
The purpose of the present research study is to encompass the problems that currently exist in a Regional Hospital in Huánuco and also, why not say in our country, given that it is developing, the importance that the relationship between Arterial Hypertension (HTA) and hypertension is deserving of. and the adherence to antihypertensive treatment, as a very high-risk factor in cardiovascular diseases and death worldwide, being the most affected the adult over 65 years of age that exceeds 60% in recent years, accompanied by low interest on the part of the patients in the compliance of their antihypertensive treatment, directed respectively to the lifestyle, added to it many behaviors of the patients. The main objective is to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge about arterial hypertension and adherence to treatment in hypertensive patients in a hospital in the Huánuco region. In which a study will be carried out with the hypothetical deductive method of quantitative approach, non-experimental design of correlational type. It has two instruments for the first variable that constitutes 7 dimensions that contains 26 items a questionnaire elaborated and applied in 2020 by Yalle MA, Yalle JG and the second variable counts on a dimension whose measurement will be with the questionnaire of Moriski Green Levine that is constituted by four questions of dichotomous answer, for the inferential analysis the test of RHO of Spearman will be used.
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Laboratory results of coronary risk and its relationship with biochemical indicators in hepatic clinical histories at the National Perinatal National Institute from December 2016 to July 2018
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-08-01) Reyes Moreno, Gustavo Andre; Sandoval Vegas, Miguel Hernán
The studied biochemical liver indicators include Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT), Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (GOT), total proteins, and albumin, which are commonly used to give a prognosis of liver damage in a person. The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between laboratory results for coronary risk and biochemical liver indicators in medical records of patients over 18 years of age at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute, from December 2016 to July 2018, through a descriptive cross-sectional study. Both variables were related using the percentage of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk with the help of the Framingham table by category, dividing medical records into risk percentage groups of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 6% and above, showing that 13.5% of the studied population had moderate risk. High levels of triglycerides were found to be related to the coronary risk group, as well as total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol. However, when comparing biochemical liver indicators with the CVD risk level, GOT levels did not show a significant statistical relationship, nor did GPT and albumin. Consequently, there was no relationship found between coronary risk laboratory results and biochemical liver indicators.
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Maternal malnutrition and its effects on the neonate.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-03) Espinoza Rodriguez, Anyi Vanessa; Ugaz Vargas, Mirella Eufemia Petronila; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objectives: To analyze the evidence regarding the influence of maternal malnutrition on the neonate. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, where the search was restricted to full-text articles, and the selected articles underwent critical reading, using the Grade assessment scale to identify their level of evidence and strength of recommendation, with the final selection being 10 articles. Results: Ten articles from countries such as Cuba, Mexico, and Nigeria were analyzed. Conclusions: From the 10 systematically reviewed articles, it is clearly demonstrated that maternal malnutrition can cause alterations in weight, neurodevelopment, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome in the neonate.
Acceso abierto
Maternal malnutrition and its effects on the neonate.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-03) Espinoza Rodriguez, Anyi Vanessa; Ugaz Vargas, Mirella Eufemia Petronila; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objectives: To analyze the evidence regarding the influence of maternal malnutrition on the neonate. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, where the search was restricted to full-text articles, and the selected articles underwent critical reading, using the Grade assessment scale to identify their level of evidence and strength of recommendation, with the final selection being 10 articles. Results: Ten articles from countries such as Cuba, Mexico, and Nigeria were analyzed. Conclusions: From the 10 systematically reviewed articles, it is clearly demonstrated that maternal malnutrition can cause alterations in weight, neurodevelopment, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome in the neonate.
Acceso abierto
Personal and family factors related to quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases in a specialized institute of Lima, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-02-25) Ospina Gonzales, Mabel Yanina; Benavente Sanchez, Yennys Katiusca
Objective: Determine how personal and family factors are related to quality of life in patients with cardiovascular diseases in a Specialized Institute of Lima, 2023. Methodology: Quantitative approach, as it uses data collection to verify the research hypotheses and will be carried out statistical processing to be able to interpret the results of the study. Correlational, cross-sectional design; since it will establish the association of the study variables. The unit of analysis will be considered by a number of 180 participants who are treated in the outpatient cardiology clinic of a Specialized Heart Institute in Lima. The technique to be used will be the survey; The instrument to measure the factors a data sheet and quality of life will be the SF 36 - whose approach is general, but easy to administer to people with clinical conditions, which have already been validated and show acceptable reliability. This instrument underwent a judgment by 07 experts to evaluate its content, people who have experience in the subject, achieving acceptable reliability, the reliability of the SF-36 instrument, applying the Crombach Alpha index, obtaining a value of 0.94. (α > 0.6), after data collection, processing and analysis will be carried out in the statistical program SPSS version 26.
Acceso abierto
Polifarmacia y calidad de vida en adultos mayores con enfermedades cardiovasculares atendidos en la botica Familia y Salud, San Juan de Miraflores, Lima 2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-19) Andía Quispe, Julia; Andamayo de Castillo, Diana Esmeralda
La polifarmacia es frecuente en adultos mayores con comorbilidades cardiovasculares y se asocia a reacciones adversas, hospitalizaciones y deterioro de la calidad de vida. En Perú, la automedicación, el acceso fragmentado a medicamentos y la escasa coordinación entre niveles asistenciales agravan este problema, especialmente en distritos populosos como San Juan de Miraflores. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre polifarmacia y calidad de vida en adultos mayores con enfermedades cardiovasculares atendidos en la citada botica. Material y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, básico, no experimental, transversal y correlacional en 81 adultos ≥60 años. Se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc de polifarmacia y el SF-12. Se efectuaron análisis descriptivos y pruebas de asociación (χ², ANOVA), con significancia de 0,05. Resultados: Se encontró que el 40.7% de los participantes presentaba polifarmacia. La calidad de vida fue mayoritariamente baja (49.4%) o por debajo del promedio (44.4%). Se demostró una relación inversa y estadísticamente significativa entre el número de medicamentos consumidos y la calidad de vida (ꭓ²=10.079; p=0.039). Conclusión: Se concluye que la polifarmacia impactó de manera negativa y multifactorial en el bienestar de la población estudiada, mediado por efectos adversos y un deterioro en la funcionalidad diaria.
Acceso abierto
Relationship between the level of physical activity and cardiovascular risk in health professionals from a specialized health institute in Lima, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-03-26) Mendoza Rodriguez, Shirley Alejandra; Montoro Valdivia, Marcos Antonio
Objective: To establish the relationship between the level of physical activity and cardiovascular risk in health professionals from 40 to 65 years of age from a specialized health institute in Lima, 2023. Materials and methods: Research with a quantitative approach and methodological design, descriptive of cross section and correlational. 80 health professionals will be interviewed, including nurses, doctors and nursing technicians who work in the surgical center. The information that will be obtained will be through the cardiovascular risk instrument, the PAHO/WHO Cardiovascular Risk Calculator and for the evaluation of physical activity it will be the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) in its short version that includes 7 items. The data will be analyzed by the SPSS 25 version, using the Chi X2 correction test.
Acceso abierto
Revisión crítica: efecto del consumo de ácidos grasos en la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-11-13) Prada Coello, Melissa Consuelo; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
Las patologías cardiovasculares son fallas del corazón y de los vasos sanguíneos, lo cual puede desencadenar la muerte del paciente, debido al infarto de miocardio. Se ha evidenciado que los ω-3, disminuyen la exposición de enfermedades cardiovasculares (cardiopatías coronarias, infarto de miocardio) y no en accidentes cerebrovasculares. El presente trabajo investigativo de nivel secundario tuvo por objetivo fue determinar el impacto de la ingesta de suplementos ω-3, en la precaución de exposición de ECV. Se realizó mediante la estrategia de trabajo de Nutrición Basada en Evidencia (Nube). Los bancos de datos, utilizados en la indagación sistemática, fueron: SCOPUS, Pubmed y Dialnet; se hallaron 11 estudios, de los cuales se seleccionaron los 11, donde se utilizó el instrumento CASPE, para el juicio de la lección, se eligió el Ensayo Clínico Aleatorizado con título; Suplementos marinos de ω-3 y enfermedades cardiovasculares: Un metaanálisis actualizado de 13 ensayos controlados aleatorios con 127 477 participantes, el mismo que tiene un nivel I, tanto para la evidencia como para la categoría de sugerencia, de acuerdo a la competencia del experto. Se puede concluir a partir del comentario critico que una dosis de 1000mg/d de ω-3 marino, fomenta a la mermar la exposición de desarrollar ECV.
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Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Carpio Alvarado, Sendy Paola; González Nolasco, Celia Charito; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Systematize and analyze the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the results of primary research are synthesized, identifying relevant studies. The population constituted by the bibliographic review is 10 scientific articles published and indexed in scientific databases. The analysis is made up of the preparation of a summary table with the main data of each of the selected articles. Results: Of the 10 articles analyzed, we found that 20% of the research found correspond to Argentina, Cuba and Brazil each, 10% to Peru, Guatemala, Chile and Mexico each, the analyzed studies are quantitative descriptive in 30 %, cross-sectional quantitative in 30%, cohort analytical in 20%, experimental in 10%, and correlational quantitative in 10%. Conclusions: In the articles studied, several modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in adolescents were found, the most common are obesity, increased abdominal circumference, and overweight (70%), which are related to sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, smoking and alcoholism, which interact with each other, generating and enhancing damage to health.