Examinando por Materia "Epidemiology, Descriptive"

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Effective strategies to strengthen growth and development in children
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Pereyra Campos, Cynthia Karin; Krederdt Araujo, Sherin Luz
Objective: Systematize the best evidence in already completed research; That is, to what extent the research found adds new knowledge to the central question. Material and methods: Information was collected from different articles according to the level of evidence and degree of recommendation. Thus, descriptive and correlational studies were selected. Results: The factors that intervene in the non-attendance of the CRED control of the boy and girl, the mothers and/or caregivers report that the nursing staff is insufficient and they have difficulties with the hours of care, with the waiting time, diversity of tasks of the home. Conclusions: It is detailed that in the range of 4 to 8%, fathers, mothers, caregivers have difficulties taking their children to the CRED due to work schedules, leaving their children in the care of minors, due to ignorance of the importance of the CRED, generating a significant gap between the children who attend the CRED and those who do not attend, which could be decisive, so that the children do not reach optimal development, causing them to be limited in their cognitive development and school performance, limiting their possibilities to access other levels of education, and with low economic productivity when they reach the adult stage of life. This is why it is essential to generate effective strategies to strengthen the growth and development of children; it is necessary to involve the person, family and community in this context, to preserve family health in the population.
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Effectiveness of an educational program for compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) De Paz Figueroa, Katia Melva; Vidal Zola, Carmen Fidela; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of an educational program for compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel. Material and method: Systematic review of a quantitative type with a quasi-experimental design, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the Grade scale to identify their degree of evidence. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 60% (06) correspond to Peru, with 20% (02) to Cuba, with 10% (01) to Colombia and while with 10% ( 01) to Venezuela. Most of the quasi-experimental studies have been reviewed, with 50%, mainly in the countries of Peru and Cuba and with 50% the cross-sectional descriptive studies belonging to Peru, Venezuela and Colombia. Where of the total number of articles analyzed, 100% affirm the effectiveness of the educational programs in the level of knowledge and compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel. Conclusions: It was evident that educational programs are effective since they increase compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel.
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Effects of prolonged fasting on the preterm newborn
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Bartolo Calderón, Julia Lourdes; Ordinola Maza, Milagros; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Determine the effects of prolonged fasting in the preterm newborn. Material and methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 30% (03) correspond to Spain, with 20% (02) we find Colombia, while with 10% (01) we find Turkey, Madrid, United Kingdom United, Mexico and Cuba, respectively. Most experimental studies have been studied, with 30%, mainly in Türkiye, the United Kingdom and Colombia. Among systematic reviews 30% in Spain and Madrid. And Quasi experimental with 10% in Spain. We find Cuba, Colombia and Mexico, with 10%. Belonging to cross-sectional descriptive studies. Conclusions: According to the research reviewed, the effects produced by prolonged fasting in the preterm newborn are gastrointestinal alterations: such as atrophy of the gastric mucosa and villi, reduction of enzymes producing the appearance of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Among the metabolic ones: we have the appearance of oxidative stress and metabolic disorders
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Efficacy of exclusive breastfeeding on the nutritional status of the child
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Morales Reaño, Liz Milagros; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: Synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of exclusive breastfeeding on the nutritional status of children. Material and Method: Systematic reviews are the best effort to compile and synthesize scientific evidence on a topic, through a method that ensures that the biases and limitations that we have mentioned in the previous article in this series are minimal. possible, the population constituted by the bibliographic review of 10 scientific articles published and indexed in the databases, which respond to articles published in Spanish. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, having (02) systematic reviews, a meta-analysis; an experimental study, 2 case-control studies and 4 cross-sectional descriptive studies. Wherein the total of articles analyzed, 90% affirm that there is an effectiveness between exclusive breastfeeding and the nutritional status of the child, since it protects the child from suffering from obesity until adolescence, lower risk of morbidity-mortality in children under 5 years. Conclusion: Exclusive breastfeeding favors an adequate nutritional status in those children to whom it is provided in the appropriate time and manner.
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Epidemiological characteristics of traffic accidents in patients attended to in the emergency department of the Regional Hospital of Ayacucho, 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-09-26) Berrocal Ortega, Janina; Mori Castro, Jaime Alberto
The present research is a Quantitative type of study, in terms of the Methodological Design it is a Descriptive, Cross-sectional and Observational Research. It is descriptive because it describes the characteristics and frequency of a health problem, characteristics of the person, place and time of appearance of the problem and its tendency. Cross-sectional analyzes the relationship between a disease and some variables at a specific moment in time. (14) Observational, the data from the traffic accident records will be entered into the SPSS 23.0 statistical database. The population will be represented by all the injured treated for traffic accidents and registered in the epidemiological records of injuries due to traffic accidents from June to August 2019 at the Ayacucho Regional Hospital. This study is not probabilistic, therefore, randomness will not be used to form its sample, it considers all those treated for traffic accidents from June to August 2019.
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Exposure to noise as a contributing factor to work stress in health personnel in different hospital units
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-02) Cristóbal Mejia, Yenitza Elizabeth; Quiñonez Condor, Judith Lady; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Objective: Systematize the evidence on noise exposure as a contributing factor to work stress in health personnel in different hospital units. Materials and Methods: Systematic Review where we seek to synthesize the evidence obtained from various primary and secondary investigations. We have relevant studies that answer the research question, in search we have a restriction of articles with the full title, as for the outstanding studies, they were subjected to the interpretation of the content applied strategic judgment, using the system called grade to identify the strength of the recommendation. Results: we have 10 selected articles, as a result of the review it was obtained that 3/10 (30%) studies were carried out in Brazil, 2/10 (20%) in Colombia, 2/10 (20%) in Mexico, 1 /10 (10%) in the United States, 1 /10 (10%) in Ecuador and 1 /10 (10%) in Chile. 50% of the evidence was of high quality, 10% of medium quality and 40% of low quality of evidence. 50% were systematic reviews, 30% were cross-sectional descriptive studies, 10% were expert opinions and 10% were cohort studies. Conclusions: Noise is a factor that contributes to stress in health workers in various hospital areas. In 3 of the 10 articles it is evident that the hearing threshold is different depending on the person, there are essential factors among them we have gender, age and marital status that increase the risks of suffering damage to this threshold. Each health personnel perceives noise differently. The noises generated in hospital units are not the only ones; we also have noises from the outside environment such as the noise of cars (horn), shouting of users, etc., which lead to human responses such as annoyance, lack of concentration, stress and this is reflected in work performance.
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Factors associated with mobbing and its consequences on the mental health of health workers
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Llanos Miranda, Treisy Raquel; Guzmán Campos, Jesssica Jeanett; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: Determine the associated factors and consequences of Mobbing on the mental health of health workers. Material and method: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the evaluation of the GRADE system to identify quality of evidence and grading of the strength of the recommendation. Results: In the final selection, 11 articles were chosen, of which 36.3% (04) correspond to Spain, 18.1% (04) belong to Mexico and two to Turkey, while 9% (03) were found research from Brazil, Italy and a study that integrates the countries of Brazil and Spain. Among systematic reviews, the countries of Italy, Spain, Mexico and Brazil were found with 45.5% and 54.5% were cross-sectional descriptive studies belonging to Brazil, Spain, Turkey and Mexico. Where the associated factors and consequences of mobbing on the mental health of the health worker could be identified. Conclusions: Two types of factors associated with the development of mobbing were determined, factors specific to the worker (age less than or equal to 30 and greater than 44 years, short professional career, working in certain units or shifts and presenting higher levels of anxiety). and organizational factors (lack of participation in decision-making, absence of a conflict resolution policy, perverse incentive systems, management not involved in the events and working more than 40 hours per week), there were also consequences negative for the mental health of the healthcare worker; as well as, in the witnesses of this type of workplace harassment.
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Related factors of pulmonary silicosis in workers in industrial centers
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Palomino Corilloclla, Carolyn Dayana; Peña Chirito, Carla Isabel; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Methodology: systematic observational and retrospective review, the search was restricted to full-text articles, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using various types of evaluation to identify their degree of evidence. Results: in the final selection, 08 articles were chosen, we found that 40% (03) correspond to China, with 30% (02) to the United States, with 10% (01) we find India, Hong Kong, and a anonymous country. Mostly quasi-experimental studies have been reviewed, 70% being mostly from the country of China. Among systematic reviews we find the countries of China (3), Hong Kong, United States and cross-sectional descriptive studies are from India, United States, anonymous. Conclusions: According to the studies reviewed, various factors related to pulmonary silicosis were identified, the most relevant being the exposure time to either the type of work or agent.
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Risk factors for urinary tract infection in patients with kidney transplants
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Hermosa Altez, Martha Elena; Lecca Tapia, Giuliana; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
The present research is an observational and retrospective Systematic Review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text and the selected articles were subjected to critical reading, using the GRADE instrument to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies and determine the degree of the evidence, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 20% of the research found correspond to Brazil, the United States (20%) and 60% to Argentina, Yemen, Pakistan, Mexico, Korea and Spain. Most of the descriptive studies of medium quality of evidence (100%) have been analyzed. Results: The main risk factors associated with UTI are female sex (50%), presence of urethral catheters (30%), immunosuppressive therapy ( 30%). Conclusions: Urinary tract infection is the infection with the highest incidence in kidney transplant recipients and the risk factors are female sex, presence of urethral catheters, and immunosuppressive therapy.