Examinando por Materia "Evaluación Nutricional"

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Acceso abierto
Determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants who attend the growth and development clinic at the Viña San Francisco health post, Santa Anita district, Lima 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-20) Villamar Arce, Sheila Yallily; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that anemia affects around 800 million children and women in the world. In Peru, iron deficiency anemia is a serious public health problem affecting 46.6% of children. children at very early ages between 6 months and the first year of life, this situation being the same as that observed in the growth and development clinic of the Viña San Francisco health facility in the Santa Anita district, where the percentage of Anemia in 6-month-old infants reaches 39.8%, a figure that remains high in the first half of 2019 despite the health intervention strategies carried out to reduce cases of anemia in the target population. Objective: Describe the determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants. Method: The study has a quantitative approach, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective, presenting a single main variable, the techniques used were documentary analysis and the interview and the instruments used were the monitoring sheet and the questionnaire applied to the mothers of 6-month-old infants with anemia, the population being the total number of infants, which was 27, constituting a census. Results: During the study period, it was identified that, of the total number of infants with anemia, 70.3% had mild anemia, 25.9% had moderate anemia and 3.7% had severe anemia, with the female sex prevailing with 59.2%. Regarding the determining factors of anemia, present: 25.9% of mothers had a history of anemia during pregnancy, it was identified that 85.1% of infants received iron supplementation at the health facility with timely initiation of the supplement and of them 51.7% consumed it in less than 2 months and 56.5% did not consume it daily, with poor adherence to prophylactic treatment. Regarding the type of feeding, 51.8% of the infants did not receive exclusive breastfeeding, its varieties being mixed, artificial breastfeeding and consumption of cow's milk. 1 infant with a history of prematurity and 2 infants with low birth weight were identified; however, none received prophylactic iron supplementation. 55.5% of infants had their complete vaccination for their age, 70.3% of infants did not have complete growth and development controls for their age. In relation to prevalent diseases, 44.4% of infants with anemia presented diarrheal disease and respiratory infections and of them 3 infants were hospitalized. It has been identified that more than 70% of mothers of infants are unaware of the consequences of anemia during pregnancy, the irreversible effects suffered by the child with anemia in their adult life and the areas of psychomotor development that are affected in the child. with anemia. Conclusions: From the results obtained, it is concluded that the majority of infants in the study had mild or slight anemia, with a predominance of the female sex. A good percentage of the infants began iron supplementation in a timely manner at the health facility. However, More than half of them did not comply with the treatment on a regular basis, identifying difficulties in adherence to treatment. Likewise, infants with a history of prematurity and low birth weight were found who did not receive supplementation despite being infants with a risk factor for anemia, it was found that half of the infants with anemia did not receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, being essential for the prevention of the disease, there is non-compliance with the vaccination schedule and growth and development controls in the infants under study, conditioning the risk of suffering from prevalent diseases such as diarrhea and respiratory infections, as is the case, and at the same time losing the possibility of receiving growth controls and timely nutritional evaluation, it has also been identified that most of mothers interviewed, are unaware of the consequences of anemia in children, which could lead to non-compliance with basic nutritional care in the infant by parents from conception.
Acceso abierto
Relación entre la calidad de la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional de lactantes de 6-12 meses atendidos en el Centro de Salud Cerropón, Chiclayo-2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-10-23) Burga Rodríguez, Claudia Paola; Lujan Torrealva, Franco Silvio
Objetivo: Evaluar la relación entre la calidad de la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional de lactantes de 6 a 12 meses atendidos en el centro de salud Cerropón, Chiclayo - 2025. Metodología: Se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo y empleando un diseño no experimental. La muestra estuvo conformada por 112 lactantes de seis a doce meses de edad. Se emplearon como instrumentos un cuestionario para recolectar datos sobre la calidad de la alimentación complementaria y una ficha de evaluación para determinar el estado nutricional, basándose en indicadores antropométricos estandarizados. Resultados: Se identificó que un 83% de los menores recibió una alimentación complementaria adecuada, mientras que el 8% presentó una alimentación de calidad intermedia y el 9% inadecuada. En cuanto al estado nutricional, un 85% presentó un estado normal, el 7% sobrepeso, el 3% obesidad, el 4% talla baja y solo el 1% desnutrición. También se observó que todos los lactantes con alimentación adecuada presentaron estado nutricional normal. En contraste, aquellos con alim entación inadecuada presentaron problemas como obesidad, sobrepeso, talla baja y desnutrición. Según la prueba de Chi-cuadrado, se obtuvo un valor de significancia de p = 0.003, lo que confirma la presencia de una relación significativa, desde el punto de vista estadístico, entre la calidad de la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional de los menores evaluados. Conclusión: Se determinó que existe una relación significativa entre la calidad de la alimentación complementaria y el estado nutricional en lactantes de 6 a 12 meses atendidos en el centro de salud Cerropón, Chiclayo - 2025.
Acceso abierto
Subjective nutritional assessment tools in patients with gastric cancer
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-01-11) Guzmán Mallqui, José Luis; Dávila Córdova, Jennifer Estefania
Gastric cancer is a disease that is considered a public health problem worldwide. Nutritional screening tools identify patients at risk of malnutrition who need further nutritional assessment and intervention. The present secondary research titled as a critical review: Subjective nutritional evaluation tools in patients with gastric cancer, aimed to know the subjective nutritional evaluation tools in patients with gastric cancer. The critical question was: Which subjective nutritional assessment tool is most specific and sensitive for adult and older patients with gastric cancer? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in PUBMED, SCOPUS, SCIENCE DIRECT, finding 47 articles, being selected 10 that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally selecting the cohort study titled Comparison of Nutritional Screening Tools in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Gastric Cancer, which has a level of evidence BIII and Grade of Recommendation I, according to the expertise of the researcher. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that the MNA-SF tool is the most specific and sensitive for adult and older patients with gastric cancer.