Examinando por Materia "Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiaca"

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Association between cardiovascular risk and erythrocyte distribution width in occupational patients of the Laura Caller Iberico-2023 Polyclinic
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-20) Huamani Paliza, Carolina Mirtha; Saldaña Orejón, Italo Moisés
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a public health problem in Peru, with prevention being the primary strategy. Therefore, evaluating cardiovascular risk (CVR) in asymptomatic individuals who present risk factors is the main strategy. However, there is a need to identify new biomarkers that facilitate identification. RDW is known for its association with cardiovascular diseases, and research suggests a prognostic value for RDW. The objective was to investigate whether there is an association between cardiovascular risk and red cell distribution width (RDW) in occupational patients from the “Laura Calle Ibérico” polyclinic. Methods: The sample consisted of 201 occupational patients from the Laura Calle Ibérico polyclinic. The HEARTS application from PAHO was used to calculate CVR, and RDW, cholesterol, glucose, and other demographic data were collected on a data collection form. Results: No significant association was found between RDW and CVR (P=0.345), or between RDW, CVR, and cholesterol (P=0.97). However, an association was found between RDW, CVR, and age (P=0.000), RDW, CVR, and blood pressure (P=0.04), diabetes (P=0.00), and smoking habits (P=0.01). Furthermore, 23% of patients are at risk of developing cardiovascular issues within 10 years if corrective measures are not taken.
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Cardiovascular risk and body mass index in hypertensive patients to a cardiology clinic in a health facility in Surquillo- 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-09) Giudice Manrique, Maria Rosa Mercedes; Perez Siguas, Rosa Eva
Objective: To determine the cardiovascular risk and body mass index in hypertensive patients attending a cardiology clinic in a health establishment in Surquillo - 2019. Material and method: The study has a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional design, including a population of 125 hypertensive patients aged 40 to 80 years, attending a cardiology clinic in a health establishment in Surquillo. The data collection technique was a survey, and the data collection instruments were the Cardiovascular Risk Calculator developed by the PAHO and the Body Mass Index from the WHO. Results: Regarding cardiovascular risk, the predominant risk was low with 52.8%, followed by 34 patients with moderate risk (27.2%), 16 patients with high risk (12.8%), 6 patients with critical risk (4.8%), and finally, 3 patients with very high risk (2.4%). As for body mass index, 58 patients were overweight (46.4%), followed by 50 patients with healthy weight (40%), 13 patients with moderate obesity (10.4%), 3 patients with severe obesity (2.4%), and finally, 1 patient with underweight (0.8%). Conclusions: Regarding cardiovascular risk, low risk predominated, followed by moderate, high, critical, and very high risks. Regarding body mass index, overweight predominated, followed by healthy weight, moderate obesity, severe obesity, and underweight.
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Cardiovascular risk and occupational stress in nurses of the intensive care unit at the Huancayo Hospital - 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-02-11) Soto Mayta, Jenny Mery; Morillo Acasio, Berlina del Rosario
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant cause of mortality, constituting a major disease to address globally. This research plan addresses cardiovascular risk and job stress among nurses in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Huancayo Hospital, aiming to determine cardiovascular risks and job stress in ICU nurses at Huancayo Hospital-2024, based on the increasing prevalence of CVD and the need to understand and prevent these issues in the nursing workplace. The research is non-experimental and applied, employing a hypothetical-deductive approach; two validated instruments will be used, a questionnaire designed by Maslach to measure job stress and a cardiovascular risk calculator, both to be validated by experts. Permission will be sought from Huancayo Hospital before data collection, ensuring detailed study information and confidentiality. Informed consent will be obtained from ICU participants. Defined instruments will be applied, and data will be stored digitally. Descriptive statistical analysis will be conducted, followed by t-Student tests and Pearson correlations to assess variable relationships, using Microsoft Excel and R-Project
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Cardiovascular risk factors in cardiology outpatients in a hospital of Huaral - 2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-11-22) Gutiérrez Venegas, Wendy Estefanía; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa Maria
In the present research work, the aim will be to determine the cardiovascular risk factors in the cardiology outpatient clinic at a Hospital in Huaral. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional work, the population will consist of 300 patients who attend the cardiology outpatient clinic, the sample size will be 169 patients. To collect data, a Likert-type Questionnaire will be used as an instrument, which will allow identifying modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. The importance of this work will lie in the fact that there are no previous studies in the province of Huaral and its results will be of great help to be able to intervene at the first level of care.
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Cardiovascular risk factors in outpatients at the Sergio E. Bernales National Hospital, Lima-2020.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-10-18) Zuñiga Culquicondor, Jhomara Elizabeth; Mori Castro, Jaime Alberto
Cardiovascular diseases have experienced global expansion in parallel with globalization. Initially endemic to industrialized countries, they have significantly affected more disadvantaged countries, becoming the leading cause of death worldwide. Every year, more people die from these diseases than from any other cause. The origin of cardiovascular diseases is multifactorial, and the identification of cardiovascular risk factors was a significant breakthrough. Therefore, the general objective of this research will be to determine the cardiovascular risk factors in outpatient patients at the Sergio E. Bernales National Hospital, Lima-2020. The WHO region D risk prediction table will be applied, which evaluates indicators such as sex, age, blood pressure, tobacco use, and the presence or absence of diabetes mellitus. These indicators are cross-referenced to make combinations within a predictive table system based on established parametric charts, which will allow categorizing individuals into five risk levels: very low, low, medium, high, and very high. The data obtained will be processed using Excel software and presented in tables and statistical graphs.
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Colesterol no HDL y resistencia a la insulina en pacientes que asisten a una clínica privada, Lima 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-05-27) Domínguez García, Juan Carlos; Najarro Soto, Richie Allison
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el colesterol no HDL y la resistencia a la insulina en pacientes que asisten a una clínica privada en Lima en el año 2024. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básico y correlacional, utilizando un diseño hipotético-deductivo. La población estuvo conformada por pacientes atendidos en la clínica, de los cuales se seleccionó una muestra determinada mediante criterios de inclusión y exclusión previamente establecidos. En cuanto a los resultados obtenidos, se encontró una correlación positiva, fuerte y significativa entre el colesterol no-HDL y la resistencia a la insulina, con un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman de 0.849 y una significancia menor a 0.01. Asimismo, se evidenció una correlación positiva y significativa entre el colesterol no-HDL y la insulina basal (r=0.715, p<0.001), así como con la glucemia basal (r=0.731, p<0.001), lo que sugiere que niveles elevados de colesterol no-HDL podrían estar asociados con alteraciones en la homeostasis de la glucosa. Finalmente, se halló una correlación fuerte y significativa entre el colesterol no-HDL y el índice HOMA-IR (r=0.737, p<0.001), respaldando la idea de que el colesterol no-HDL elevado puede desempeñar un papel clave en el desarrollo y progresión de la resistencia a la insulina. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la importancia de considerar el colesterol no-HDL como un posible indicador temprano de disfunción metabólica en pacientes con riesgo de resistencia a la insulina, lo que podría contribuir a estrategias de prevención y tratamiento más efectivas.
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Concordancia clínica entre la fórmula Hopkins y el método enzimático LDL colesterol en pacientes atendidos en el policlínico municipal La Paz de Lima, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-10-30) Riveros Guillen, Edwin Florentino; Najarro Soto, Richie Allison
El colesterol de lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL) es uno de los principales puntos que son determinantes y que contribuyen al riesgo cardiovascular, así mismo, como la prevención primaria como la secundaria sobre la enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC). El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la concordancia clínica entre la fórmula Hopkins y el método enzimático LDL colesterol. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una recolección de una base de datos de perfiles lipídicos de pacientes que se atendieron en el Policlínico Municipal La Paz, en el año 2024, que cumplían con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, Ulteriormente se aplicó la fórmula de Hopkins y seguidamente se comparó ambos resultados por medio de procedimientos estadísticos diversos. Resultados: el 3.0% (n=6) personas presentaron Colesterol LDL de 120, seguido por un 2.5% (n=5) personas tienen colesterol LDL de 105, seguido por un 2.0% (n=4) personas tienen colesterol LDL de 107, el 4% (n=8) presentaron por la fórmula de Hopkins un valor de 106, así mismo, se evidenció un 3,0% (n=6) personas con un valor de 112 y 132, luego un 2,5% (n=5) con valores de 123, 136. Por lo tanto, entre la formula Hopkins y el método enzimático LDL colesterol indica una fuerte relación positiva y predictiva, donde la ecuación de la línea de regresión es y=6.44 + 0.99x. Conclusiones: Se determinó que la concordancia clínica por medio del grafico de correlación lineal muestra una fuerte correlación positiva entre los valores obtenidos con la fórmula de Hopkins y los niveles de colesterol LDL.
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Coping strategies and cardiovascular risk in the nursing staff of the intensive care unit of the Loayza hospital, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-04-10) Urday Rodriguez, Yodalia; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Objective. The aim is to determine the incidence of coping strategies on cardiovascular risk in the nursing staff of the Intensive Care Unit of the Loayza Hospital, 2021. This study will use a quantitative approach whose scope is descriptive correlational, its purpose is applied and its design is non-experimental cross-sectional. We will work with a sample population of 91 people who care for patients in five areas corresponding to the Intensive Care Units (ICU) of the Arzobispo Loayza National Hospital, selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria as proposed in this research. Two instruments will be used, one for each variable, the first will be the Multidimensional Coping Estimation Inventory COPE 28 and the questionnaire that measures the five indicators, systematized in the Fuster-BEWAT scale, this being the one that will determine the level of cardiovascular risk of Metso del Perú employees, and an independent evaluation will be carried out on blood pressure, physical activity, body mass index, diet and smoking, each item will have a score from 0 to 3, with 0 indicating inadequate and 3 indicating adequate or ideal.
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Critical review: hypocholesterolemic effect of supplements derived from oats sativa in adults at cardiovascular risk
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-06-14) Chumpén Amaro, Rosa Evelia; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
The current secondary research entitled Critical Review: Hypocholesterolemic effect of supplements derived from Avena sativa in adults with nutritional risk, had the purpose of making an expert professional critical comment according to the review of scientific articles of clinical studies related to the topic. The clinical question was: Is there a hypocholesterolemic effect of supplements derived from Avena sativa in adults with cardiovascular risk? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was done in PUBMED and SCIELO, finding 33 articles, 11 were chosen that were evaluated by the CASPe critical reading tool, finally selected The randomized clinical trial titled Effects of 3 g of soluble oat fiber on lipid levels of Asian Indians: A randomized, controlled study with parallel arms, which has a Level of Evidence 1A and Grade of STRONG Recommendation, according to the researcher's experience. The critical comment admitted to conclude that there is a hypocholesterolemic effect of supplements derived from Avena sativa due to the reducing property of Avena sativa on cholesterol levels.
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Critical review: protective effect of walnuts on cardiovascular risk factors
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-12) Rosario León, Danilo Vicente; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
This critical review, titled 'Protective Effect of Walnuts on Cardiovascular Risk Factors', aimed to determine whether walnut supplementation impacts the reduction of elements contributing to cardiovascular risk. The clinical question raised was: 'What is the effect of walnut supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors?' To address this question, Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was employed. Information was gathered from various databases, including PubMed, Redalyc, Dialnet, Scielo, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Scopus, ProQuest, and Science Direct, identifying 31 articles. Of these, 12 studies were selected and critically evaluated using the CASPE tool. The systematic review titled 'Effects of Walnut Consumption on Blood Lipids and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Controlled Trials' was chosen. According to the investigator's evaluation, this study has evidence AI and a strong recommendation. The critical analysis concluded that there is sufficient scientific evidence supporting the benefits of walnut supplementation in reducing cardiovascular risk factors.
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Effect of a cardiorespiratory exercise program on exercise tolerance in patients post-cardiac surgery at the National Cardiovascular Institute – 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-15) Acosta Ruiz, Anita de Jesús; Cautín Martinez, Noemi Esther
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders affecting the heart and occur due to modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Heart disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, making it a public health issue. Among the various treatment options, cardiovascular surgery is an invasive procedure aimed at improving the patient's quality of life. Early cardiac rehabilitation in the ICU seeks to reduce complications related to surgical treatment and plays an important role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, providing greater functionality and independence, and enhancing patient autonomy.
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Effect of a Cardiorespiratory Physiotherapy Program on Peak Expiratory Flow in Older Adults in a Posta de Surquillo -2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-15) Centurión Pérez, Leidy Ysabel; Chero Pisfil, Santos Lucio
Chronic respiratory diseases, according to the Ministry of Health, are the third leading cause of death among older adults in Lima, mainly affecting the function of the muscles of inspiration and expiration, thereby altering the respiratory mechanics in older adults. In some cases, these conditions may lead to death. They result in a series of complications affecting daily activities, which highlights the importance of performing timely cardiorespiratory exercises, as they could improve respiratory dynamics and quality of life in older adults.
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Effect of a cardiorespiratory program on exercise tolerance in people with cardiovascular risk factors, Honorio Delgado Hospital Arequipa-2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-04) Huamani Miranda, Yesenia; Cautín Martinez, Noemi Esther
The study will examine the effect of a cardiopulmonary program on exercise tolerance in people with cardiovascular risk factors at the Arequipa hospital. The cardiopulmonary program will be applied to individuals with cardiovascular risk, aiming to demonstrate that this is the most suitable treatment. Objective: The general objective is "to determine the effect of the cardiopulmonary program on people with cardiovascular risk." Materials and Methods: The population will consist of patients with cardiovascular risk factors attending the Honorio Delgado Espinoza Regional Hospital in Arequipa from September to December 2023. The sample will consist of 98 patients, 49 of whom will make up the experimental group receiving the cardiopulmonary program, and 49 will be part of the control group receiving conventional therapy. The research method will be hypothetical-deductive, quantitative approach, applied type, longitudinal cut, and comparative level. The research design will be experimental with a quasi-experimental subdesign, including a control and experimental group.
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Effectiveness of the cardiorespiratory physiotherapeutic program in physical deconditioning in post Covid patients of the Ica Regional Hospital, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-05) Quispe Leon, Ambar Magaly; Chero Pisfil, Santos Lucio
This research will study the effect of a cardiopulmonary physiotherapy program on physical deconditioning in post-COVID patients at the Regional Hospital of Ica. The cardiopulmonary program will be applied to individuals with post-COVID sequelae who were previously hospitalized in intensive care units, aiming to demonstrate that this is the most suitable treatment. Objective: To determine the effect of a cardiopulmonary physiotherapy program on physical deconditioning in post-COVID patients. Material and Methods: The population will consist of post-discharge patients with post-COVID sequelae. The sample size will be 81 patients, all discharged from ICU during January to March 2022. The control group will receive conventional therapy. A non-probabilistic, convenience sampling method will be used based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The research type is applied, with a pre-experimental/prospective/longitudinal design, and a hypothetical-deductive method with a quantitative approach.
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Effectiveness of the predictive assessment of the HEART score in patients with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency services
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-22) Salazar Serquen, Angie Mireya; Cecilia Kelly, Luis Sinche; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of the predictive assessment using the HEART score in patients with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency services. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of international studies was conducted, obtained through databases: Epistemonikos, PubMed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and Scielo. These studies were analyzed using the GRADE system to determine the level of evidence. The search was carried out using DeCS and MeSH descriptors for the Spanish and English searches, respectively. 20% (2/10) of the reviewed articles are from Canada, and the remaining 80% (8/10) are from the Netherlands, France, the United States, Singapore, Peru, China, Argentina, and Colombia, respectively. Results: 90% (9/10) of the evidence indicates that the HEART score is effective in the predictive assessment of patients with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency services, while 10% (1/10) indicates that the HEART score is not effective in the predictive assessment of patients with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency services. Conclusions: 9 out of 10 pieces of evidence demonstrate that the HEART score is effective in the predictive assessment of patients with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency services, and 1 out of 10 pieces of evidence demonstrates that the HEART score is not effective in the predictive assessment of patients with non-traumatic chest pain in emergency services.
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Efficacy of anthropometric parameters as a predictor of cardiovascular risk profile in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Acosta González, Ysabel Dolores; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: Determine the effectiveness of anthropometric parameters as predictors of cardiovascular risk profile in adults. Materials and Methods: Systematic Reviews are an observational and retrospective research design, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice. Results: Of the total of ten articles analyzed, 90% affirm that anthropometric parameters predict cardiovascular risk. These articles were found in the following databases Pubmed, Medline, Elsevier, Scielo and Lilacs. Conclusions: The Anthropometric Parameters predicted the existence of three or more cardiovascular risk factors, both for adult men and adult women (elevated lipid profile, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking, among others).
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Equations to estimate the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients of the Central Military Hospital 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-27) Quispe Huamán, Antonio Jesús; Saldaña Orejón, Italo Moisés
The measurement of Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL) is one of the tests included in the lipid profile, helping to determine whether a patient has hypercholesterolemia or hypocholesterolemia, both of which are associated with several diseases, including cardiovascular conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of equations used to estimate LDL levels in patients at the Central Military Hospital in 2022. A comparative descriptive study was carried out, comparing four equations for calculating LDL cholesterol with direct methodology. A substantial number of serum samples from patients requesting a lipid profile were processed using a chemical analyzer. Results from the direct LDL cholesterol measurement were used as a reference for comparing the equations. Data was analyzed using Excel 365, and statistical tests were performed with SPSS version 22.
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Estilo de vida y riesgo cardiovascular en el profesional de enfermería que labora en un hospital nacional de Lima – 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-02-02) Trujillo Espinoza, Julissa; Zavaleta Gutiérrez, Violeta Aideé
Introducción: El estilo de vida se encuentra estrechamente vinculado con adquirir patologías no trasmisibles en el ser humano, el riesgo cardiovascular es el más frecuente y mortal, el profesional de enfermería no está exceptuado de adquirirla sobre todo si no sigue acciones saludables como el de realizar ejercicio, consumir alimentos saludables, actividades de socialización en su tiempo libre entre otros. Objetivo: “Determinar la relación entre el estilo de vida y riesgo cardiovascular en las enfermeras que laboran en un hospital nacional de Lima - 2024”. Métodos: Se sigue el método hipotético - deductivo, aplicada con enfoque cuantitativo, corte transversal, nivel correlacional, y de diseño no experimental. La población y muestra es de 298 enfermeros de un turno rotativo, se aplicará un cuestionario para conocer su estilo de vida, consta de 14 preguntas, y para el riesgo cardiovascular el Score de Framingham, estos serán sometidos a la prueba estadística de Pearson los cuales los resultados que arroje serán analizados con programas estadísticos como el SPSS 27. Estos serán representados y discutidos en tablas y figuras.
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Estilos de vida saludables y riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular en los pacientes atendidos en el Hospital María Auxiliadora, Lima 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-12-22) Pablo Montes, July Jeanet; Paipay Quispe, Carlos Enrique
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación existente entre los estilos de vida saludable y el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares en los pacientes atendidos. Esta investigación se enmarca en el sistema hipotético-deductivo, para obtener a una conclusión específica que ayudará a interpretar los fenómenos y demostrar sus causas. Los hallazgos serán analizados utilizando valoraciones aritméticas y exponiendo mediante cuadros de asignaciones gráficas y medidas de tendencia central. Dentro del diseño del presente trabajo de investigación será no experimental, porque el investigador no manipula las variables con el sustento de no cambiar el objeto de la investigación, sino solo se limita a observar o interpretar para llegar a una conclusión. Será correlacional, porque la hipótesis que contiene dos variables permite comprobar si la relación entre ambas es válida o no. Es transversal, porque es adecuado para analizar la conexión entre variables en un momento dado. La población y la muestra del presente estudio será representada por todos los pacientes que acudan al servicio de hospitalización dentro del área de cardiología los tres últimos meses, que en su totalidad corresponde a 150 pacientes. Se empleará el método de recopilación de datos del trabajo de investigación será la encuesta, y el instrumento utilizado será el cuestionario. Como parte del plan de análisis, una vez recopilada la base de datos y aplicada la herramienta, se analizarán los datos con SPSS.28.0, Microsoft Office Word 2024 y Excel 2024, lo que nos permitirá analizarlas y llegar a una decisión estadística sobre el rechazo o no de las hipótesis nulas, con un nivel de significación de p < 0,05.
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Factores de riesgo sobre la salud cardiovascular asociados al consumo de alimentos procesados en usuarios de un mercado de tablada de Lurín, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-10-16) Almanza Callomamani, Ana Maria; Villa Berreras, Andrea Stefani; Guadalupe Sifuentes de Posadas, Luz Fabiola
El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo relacionar los factores de riesgo sobre la salud cardiovascular y el consumo de alimentos procesados en 270 usuarios de un mercado de Tablada de Lurín con edades entre 18 y 89 años varones y mujeres. Para ello, se seleccionó un método hipotético-deductivo, enfoque cuantitativo, tipo básico, nivel correlacional y diseño no experimental transversal; empleando un cuestionario de dos partes que buscan evaluar las variables señaladas y que fueron validados por un grupo de expertos. Los hallazgos indicaron que el consumo de alimentos procesados se relación con los factores: índice de masa corporal, presión sistólica, diastólica, circunferencia abdominal y estilo de vida saludable. Se concluyó que un incremento de alimentos procesados en la dieta diaria de los usuarios conllevará un incremento del índice de masa corporal, presión sistólica, diastólica, circunferencia abdominal y una disminución de un estilo de vida saludable.