Examinando por Materia "Lectura"

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Aspects related to effective communication between nurses and patients' families
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Buendia Rojas, Claudio Dionisio; Chávez Pajuelo, Miriam Francisca; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: Determine the aspects related to effective communication between the nurse and the patients' families in the area. Methodology/Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using Jover's evaluation to identify their level of evidence. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 40% (04) correspond to Spain, with 40% (04) we find Colombia, while with 10% (01) we find Peru and Mexico respectively. The majority of Cross-Sectional studies have been studied, with 90%, mainly in the countries of Spain, Colombia, Peru and Mexico. And with 10% we have quasi-experimental studies belonging to Spain. Where the aspects related to effective communication of the nurse with the family members considered in the majority of the articles analyzed were: Verbal aspects (Strategies to facilitate understanding), Non-verbal aspects (social skills), heterogeneous positions on the presence of the family , the identification of the nurse and finally the instrumental aspects. Conclusions: It was evident in the reviewed research that to carry out effective communication it is necessary to consider the aspects of communication.
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Aspiration of subglottic secretions as an effective alternative for the prevention of pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-29) Costa Pisfil, Erika Amavila; Elías Garcia, Karen Pamela; Avila Vargas Machuca, Jeannette Giselle
Objectives Systematize evidence on the effectiveness of subglottic aspirations for reducing pneumonia in patients with mechanical ventilation. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search was based exclusively on articles with full text, and the chosen studies were subjected to a critical reading, based on the GRADE evaluation to identify their level of evidence. In the selection, 10 articles were chosen, of which 20% (2/10) correspond to the United States, 20% (2/10) Australia, 10% (1/10) to India, 20% (2/10) ) Canada, 10% (1/10) China, 10% (1/10) France and 10% (1/10) Belgium. Of these there are 2 systematic reviews, 4 meta-analyses, 3 clinical trials and 1 control study, all of high quality. Results: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 100% (10/10) demonstrated that aspiration of subglottic secretions reduces the incidence of pneumonia and edema problems compared to tracheal aspirations. Conclusions: It was shown that aspiration of subglottic secretions is effective in reducing the risk of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation.
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Complications of cervical collar use in trauma patients requiring immobilization
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-12) Montero Crisologo, Diana Carolina; Vega López, Karen Rocio; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Methodology: Systematic, observational and retrospective review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading to identify their level of evidence. In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 30% (03) correspond to the United States, with 20% (02) in Holland, while with 10% (01) we find England, Iran, Norway, Australia and Iceland respectively. Among the systemic reviews we find the countries of the United States, Norway, England and Iran, which account for 40% of the studies carried out, also with 20% we have prospective studies belonging to Australia and Holland, 20% of retrospective studies carried out in the US and the Netherlands, 10% corresponds to a US randomized controlled trial. Results: Of the 10 articles found, 6 of them mention that one of the first most frequent complications are pressure ulcers, followed by 2 articles that tell us that there is an increase in intracranial pressure caused by excessive adjustment of the cervical collar and 2 articles where the authors agree with the presence of pressure ulcers and increased intracranial pressure. In this way we were able to confirm that there are complications from the use of the cervical collar in traumatized patients who require immobilization. The authors confirm that pressure ulcers are due to the patient's skin type and the length of time the collar is worn. Conclusions: Of the total number of articles analyzed, 100% confirm that the use of the cervical collar produces compilations such as pressure ulcers at primary and secondary level, jugular venous pressure and tissue interface pressure in traumatized patients requiring immobilization.
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The correct cleaning method guarantees the disinfection and/or sterilization process
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Mendoza Vásquez, Jaqueline; Vasquez Herrera, Fiorella Eliana; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Determine whether manual cleaning or automated cleaning reduces greater microbial bioload of surgical medical material. Material and methods: Systematic Review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using Jover's evaluation to identify their degree of evidence. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 50% (05) correspond to Brazil, with 20% (02) we find the United States, while with 10% (01) we find Cuba, Mexico and Peru respectively. Mostly experimental and quasi-experimental studies have been studied, mainly in all countries. Where of the total number of articles analyzed, 100% affirm that manual cleaning in addition to automated cleaning reduces a greater microbial load of medical-surgical material. Conclusions: The 10 articles reviewed show us that the correct cleaning method is achieved with the application of an adequate procedure and automated methods are the most effective, in addition to the fact that an incorrect cleaning method interferes with the disinfection or sterilization process.
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Determination of the safe disinfectant Orthophthaldehyde versus Glutaraldehyde used by nurses in the High Level Disinfection Process
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Idrogo Maita, Zaida Karina; Ruiz Campos, Deysi; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objectives: Determine the safe disinfectant Orthophthaldehyde vs glutaraldehyde to be used by nurses in the high-level disinfection process. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to 8 articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to critical reading. Published and indexed in scientific databases, dating back to the year 2000 and responding to articles published in Spanish, English and Portuguese. In the final selection, 4 articles were chosen, we found that 25% (01) corresponds to England, with 25% (01) to Spain, with 25% (01) to Brazil and while another 25% (01) we find Japan; Two systematic reviews and two cross-sectional studies were included. Results: 80% of the articles reviewed show that glutaraldehyde, compared to orthophthaldehyde, is the one that produces the most cytotoxicity at work, but that orthophthalaldehyde is still toxic. Orthophthaldehyde vs glutaraldehyde, in both cases its greatest adverse reaction when used is in the respiratory tract Conclusion: of the liquid chemical substances used as high-level disinfectants Orthophthaldehyde vs Glutaraldehyde It was evident that Glutaraldehyde is a volatile product that emanates cytotoxic substances causing effects adverse effects on the person who handles it, while Orthophthaldehyde, being exposed through inhalation, turns out to be a sensitizing this. The direct handling of high-level disinfectant substances focuses exposure on the inhalation route, requiring the use of personal protective equipment.
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Effective interventions to reduce occupational risks in personnel working in the operating room
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Allende Burga, Esmeralda; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Objective: Systematize the evidence on effective interventions in reducing occupational risks in personnel who work in the operating room. Materials and Methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to critical reading. using the grade system to assign recommendation strength. Results: Of the total number of articles analyzed, 10/10 show effective interventions to reduce and/or prevent risks to which personnel working in a surgical center are subjected. Of which the majority, 6/10, represent systematic review studies, 3/10 represent experimental studies and 1/10 represent a quasi-experimental study. Conclusions: The research reviewed showed that there are effective interventions that prevent risks and should be applied in the surgical center, such as the use of double gloves and blunt needles in surgeries, as well as the use of personal protective equipment, specifically masks. Have special equipment to reduce exposures, and the hepatitis B vaccine (VDP) among others. In this way favoring the prevention of occupational risks to which personnel working in a surgical center are exposed.
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Effective scale to assess the risk of pressure ulcer in pediatric patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Calla Ruiz, Oriele; Salvador Valenzuela, Norma Haydeé; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Systematic, observational and retrospective review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the Grade evaluation to identify the degree of evidence. Results: In the final selection, 07 articles were chosen, 58% (4) correspond to Spain, with 14% (1) found in England, 14% Colombia and 14% Brazil. Likewise, according to the type of study, 43% correspond to Systematic Reviews, 14% Prospective Cohort, 29% Descriptive, 14% Cross-sectional Study. Conclusions: According to the results obtained from the systematic review, they show that of the total of 7 studies, equivalent to 58% corresponds to demonstrating that the Braden scale is effective in evaluating the risk of pressure ulcer in pediatric patients.
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Effective strategies to improve communication among health personnel in a surgical center
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Huarcaya Vaca, Clarissa Domitila; Chung Luna, Jackeline; Remuzgo Artezano, Anika
This is a systematic review of 10 scientific articles that respond to articles published in Spanish, English and Portuguese no older than 5 years. Data collection was carried out through a bibliographic review of both national and international research articles. and where they were found in the following databases Scielo, Pubmed, Elsevier, Scielo, BvsPeru, Lilacs. The main theme was effective strategies to improve communication among surgical center health personnel; Of all the articles that were found, the most important ones were included according to the level of experience and the least relevant ones were excluded. The selected articles were subjected to critical reading, using the grade system to assign the strength of recommendation.
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Effectiveness of an educational intervention in children to improve the level of knowledge, attitudes and practices about washing hands before consuming food
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Francia Niño de Guzmán, Lourdes Durley; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: Analyze the Effectiveness of an educational intervention in children to improve knowledge, attitudes and practices of hand hygiene before consuming food, interventions to improve healthy lifestyles. Materials and Methods: Simple, observational systematic verification of research results, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of community practice. The search was based on complete articles, which were used in critical reading, using the grade system to assign the strength of suggestion. The articles are: Israel 10% (01/10), Cuba 10% (01/10) Ethiopia 10% (01/10) Mexico 20% (02/10) Venezuela 10% (01/10) Spain 10% (01 /10) Australia 10% (01/10) Nepal 10% (01/10) and Brazil 10% (01/10). Results: The results related to hand washing before eating food indicate that not all children have the knowledge, adequate practices and hygiene materials required for adequate hygiene, therefore there will not be a complete and effective activity for the practice. healthy. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the level of knowledge, practices and attitudes about hand washing before eating food prevents diseases in children and their caregivers, is reflected in hygiene and hand washing practices.
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Effectiveness of an educational program for compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) De Paz Figueroa, Katia Melva; Vidal Zola, Carmen Fidela; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of an educational program for compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel. Material and method: Systematic review of a quantitative type with a quasi-experimental design, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the Grade scale to identify their degree of evidence. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 60% (06) correspond to Peru, with 20% (02) to Cuba, with 10% (01) to Colombia and while with 10% ( 01) to Venezuela. Most of the quasi-experimental studies have been reviewed, with 50%, mainly in the countries of Peru and Cuba and with 50% the cross-sectional descriptive studies belonging to Peru, Venezuela and Colombia. Where of the total number of articles analyzed, 100% affirm the effectiveness of the educational programs in the level of knowledge and compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel. Conclusions: It was evident that educational programs are effective since they increase compliance with biosafety measures in health personnel.
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Effectiveness of an educational program to strengthen knowledge for better self-care in patients with chronic kidney disease
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Cardozo Alfaro, Linda Caroline; Napurí Bazalar, Bryan Jesús; Remuzgo Artezano, Anika
Material and methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the hierarchy of the grade system to identify their level of evidence. Results: 10 scientific articles have been analyzed, mostly quasi-experimental studies in 80% and 20% systematic reviews. 30% of the research found is from Spain, 10% from Cuba, 10% from Nicaragua, 10% from Australia and 10% from China. 100% of the articles reviewed systematically agree that an educational program is effective to strengthen the self-care of patients with chronic kidney disease. The educational programs promote knowledge by carrying out a systematic and continuous plan to strengthen self-care, so that patients have a better quality of life.
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Effectiveness of aspiration of subglottic secretions in adult patients with artificial airway to reduce complications
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-22) Vila Poma, Ted Jhon; Villanueva Valverde, Arturo Oscar; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Objectives: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of aspiration of subglottic secretions in adult patients with an artificial airway to reduce complications. Methodology and method: systematic and retrospective review studies, subjected to critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to identify the degree of evidence of articles published in PubMed, Sciencedirect, Epistemonikos, Scielo, Researchgate. Results: 80% indicate that aspiration of subglottic secretions is effective in adult patients with an artificial airway to reduce complications. 20% indicate that aspiration of subglottic secretions is not effective. Conclusions: With the aspiration of subglottic secretions, the incidence of pneumonia associated with the ventilator was reduced, and there was a decrease in the incidence of hospital stay.
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Effectiveness of bundles to reduce bloodstream infections in patients with central lines in critical units
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Navarro Asencios, Carlos Alfredo; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of bundles to reduce bloodstream infections in patients with a central line in critical units. Material and methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, subjected to critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in the following databases: Epistemonikos, Sciencedirect, PubMed, Researchgate. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 30% are of high quality as described below: 30% (n= 3/10) are meta-analyses and 70% (n= 7/10) are of medium quality represented by 50% (n= 5/10) are cohort studies and 20% (n= 2/10) are quasi-experimental and come from the countries of the Netherlands (20%), Taiwan (20%) followed by Belgium (10%), Korea (10%), Chile (10%), Australia (10%), Colombia (10%), and Thailand (10%). Conclusion: Bundles are effective in reducing bloodstream infections in patients with central lines in critical units.
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Effectiveness of changing the peripheral venous catheter in the prevention of phlebitis
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Cachi Sanchez, Bertha Elizabeth; Sanches Huisa, Mirian Marcela; Mendigure Fernández, Julio
Objective: Systematize the available evidence on the effectiveness of changing the peripheral venous catheter for the prevention of phlebitis. Methodology: The study carried out is a Systematic Review of 10 articles in the LILACS, SCIELO, MEDLINE, and PUBMED databases, whose search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the Jover's evaluation to identify its level of evidence. Results: In the review of the Articles, the effectiveness of changing the peripheral venous catheter to prevent phlebitis is observed; However, in the latest studies carried out, the permanence time of peripheral devices does not show the cause of the origin of vascular complications such as phlebitis, in relation to the systematic change and replacement due to clinical indication in adult patients with intravenous treatment. Conclusion: The evidence shows that to prevent phlebitis in hospitalized patients, changing the peripheral venous catheter does not necessarily require routine change every 72 hours, but rather when clinically indicated. Most of the studies reviewed provide input to the nursing professional and health institutions shared benefits. patient safety, reduction in procedures and time in care and reduction in costs
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Effectiveness of dialysate sodium concentration management for blood pressure changes in hemodialysis patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-02) Saavedra Quintana, Vanesa Lisette; Taboada Masabel, Daniel Angel; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: Systematize and analyze the effectiveness of managing the sodium concentration in the dialysate for blood pressure changes in patients with hemodialysis. Material and methods: Observational and retrospective systematic review, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to critical reading. using the GRADE system to assign the strength of recommendation, the 10 articles systematically reviewed 20% (n=2/10) are systematic reviews, 30% (3/10) are randomized controlled trials, 50% (5/10) control studies. The results obtained by this study come from; Iran 20%, United States 20%, United Kingdom 10%, England 10%, Italy 10%, Austria 10%, China 10%, New Zealand 10%. Results: The evidence found, 70% (7/10) indicates that the management of sodium concentration in the dialysate is effective for changes in blood pressure in patients with hemodialysis. Conclusions: The management of sodium concentration in dialysate is effective for blood pressure changes in patients with hemodialysis.
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Effectiveness of educational nursing interventions for the prevention and control of bullying
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-08-25) Rodríguez Romero, Rosa Haydeé; Santa Cruz Suárez, Esther Verónica; Glenni Garay, Zarely Zabeli
Objective: Systematize the evidence about the effectiveness of nursing educational interventions for the prevention and control of bullying. Material and methods: Systematic review that synthesizes the results of multiple investigations, identifying the most relevant to answer specific questions of daily practice. The search was restricted to articles with full text subjected to critical reading, using the GRADE system to assign the strength of recommendation. Results: In the final selection, 10 articles were chosen, finding according to the results obtained from the systematic review carried out in the present study, shown in the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 70% (n=7/10) are quasi-experimental and the 30% (n=3/10) are systematic reviews. These studies come from the countries of Brazil (40%), Portugal (20%), Spain (10%), Norway, Scotland and the USA (10%), Colombia (10%), Costa Rica (10%). Conclusions: nursing educational interventions have generated positive effects in prevention, showing that the participation of the nurse is essential, also for the detection and monitoring of cases of bullying.
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Effectiveness of fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-08-18) Silva Villajulca, Frida Liz; Alfaro Almonte, Edith Veronica; Gonzales Saldaña, Susan Haydee
Objective: Systematize the evidence about the effectiveness of fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults. Materials and Methods: It is a Systematic Review that structures the products of various investigations, recognizing the most salient to answer specific questions of daily work. The follow-up was directed to articles with full text submitted to a critical reading, the recommendation will be made using the GRADE system. Results: According to the results obtained from the systematic review carried out on ten scientific articles in the present study, these come from China (40%), followed by the United Kingdom (30%), Italy (10%), Malaysia (10%), Sweden (10%). of the articles are systematic reviews, followed by 40% (4) meta-analysis, randomized clinical trial 10% (1), cohort 10% (1) cases and controls 10% (1). Of the total of 10 articles reviewed, 100% (n=10) recommended fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults. Conclusions: of the total of 10 articles reviewed, 100% evidence the effectiveness of fiber intake to prevent colorectal cancer in adults.
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Effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide in reducing contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-27) Carrera Gonzales, Jarumi Ananda; Dominguez Cuevas, Eddy Johnny; Basurto Santillán, Ivan Javier
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide to reduce the contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment. Material and methods: Systematic observational and retrospective review, subjected to critical reading and using the GRADE evaluation system to identify the degree of evidence of the articles published in the following databases Epistemonikos, Researchgate, PubMed, Scielo and Sciencedirect. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 50% of high quality and 50% of moderate quality are described below: 20% (n= 2/10) are systematic reviews, 30% (n= 3/10) are randomized controlled trials, 10% (n= 1/10) are quasi-experimental and 40% (n= 4/10) are cohort studies and belong to the countries of England (40%), followed by the United States (30%), Greece (10%), France (10%) and Australia (10%). Results: 100% (n=10/10) indicate that hydrogen peroxide is effective in reducing the contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment. Conclusion: Hydrogen peroxide is effective in reducing contamination of pathogenic microorganisms in the hospital environment.
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Effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery versus conventional surgery to promote recovery of patients after appendicitis surgery
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Mego Guevara, Alidia; Remuzgo Artezano, Anika
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery versus conventional surgery to promote the recovery of patients after appendicitis surgery. Methodology: Systematic observational and retrospective review, the search has been restricted to articles with full text, and the selected articles were subjected to a critical reading, using the Jover evaluation to identify their degree of evidence. Results: in the final selection, 15 articles were chosen, most of which are of a quasi-experimental quantitative type where it is evident that laparoscopic surgery has multiple advantages in patient recovery. When small incisions are made, the patient's recovery is faster, there is less pain and the disability is shorter, they can resume their normal activities quickly, they can walk, go up and down stairs, leave their house, shortly after be intervened. Conclusions. It was evident in the research reviewed that laparascopic surgery has more advantages and benefits the patient compared to conventional surgery.
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Effectiveness of peripherally inserted central catheter in lower limbs compared to insertion in upper limbs for reducing mechanical complications and infection in neonates in intensive care
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-08) Catanaima Ramírez, Yumaris Valentina; Avila Vargas Machuca, Jeannette Giselle
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of the PICC in MS compared to insertion in MI in reducing complications in neonates hospitalized in the NICU. Method: The Systematic Review design was used, the search was limited to articles with full text, submitted to a critical reading, using Jover's evaluation to identify its level of evidence. Results: 10 articles were selected corresponding to China 20%, Canada 30%, Australia 10%, Sweden 10% and USA 30% comparatively. 40% of the studies stated that they did not find significant differences in complications that require removal of the PICC, 40% stated that the non-central position is a risk factor for complications and elimination, the tendency for which increases in MS, and 20% stated that the PICC placement in MI is associated with significantly increased risk of complications. Conclusions: Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 6/10 showed mechanical complications and infection depending on the insertion site, adding that the location center of the PICC tip can have a significant impact on complications. Only 4/10 articles did not find any difference in complications according to the insertion zone. Recommendations: Greater knowledge about the types of PICC complications according to insertion site: MS or MI, can help focus location-based prevention and surveillance efforts to improve safety and minimize PICC complications in patients. patient in the NICU.