Examinando por Materia "Mass Screening"

Mostrando 1 - 16 de 16

Acceso abierto
Application of the NRS - 2002 as a tool for nutritional screening in hospitalized adult patients.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-08-09) Vargas Vera, Claudia Danitza; Bohórquez Medina, Sofia Lorena
Hospital malnutrition in the Peruvian population is currently a problem that has not been addressed correctly due to the lack of standardized nutritional screening tools. Currently, nutrition professionals use different tools like VGS, MUST, NRS-2002, but the latter has not been validated by any study in our population to assess its effectiveness. The NRS-2002 is a nutritional screening tool that provides scores to determine the nutritional risk of each patient. This secondary research, titled "Critical review: Application of the NRS-2002 as a nutritional screening tool in hospitalized adult patients," aimed to determine the effectiveness of using NRS-2002 as a nutritional screening tool in hospitalized adult patients.
Acceso abierto
Critical review: nutritional screening tools for early detection of nutritional risk in hospitalized adults.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-05-31) Cabrera Fernández, Rosa María; Hidalgo Chávez, Mariana Elvira
Early nutritional screening; It is of utmost importance, since it will select patients with nutritional risk. The present secondary research titled as a critical review: “Nutritional Screening Tools for the Early Detection of Nutritional Risk in Hospitalized Adults” aimed to determine the appropriate nutritional screening tool for the early detection of nutritional risk in hospitalized adult patients. The clinical question was: What nutritional screening tool will be appropriate to use in the early detection of nutritional risk in hospitalized adults? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in PUBMED, SCIELO, LILACS, SCIENCE DIINET, finding 46 articles, being selected 31 that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally selecting the systematic review, titled as: “Review of different tools of Nutritional screening for hospitalized patients. Which has a level of evidence I and Grade of Recommendation I, according to the researcher's experience. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that there are different screening tools that will be used depending on their hospital context; In the case of most health institutions in Peru, the most used tool is the VGS.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening in reducing mortality in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-08) Huacho Susanivar, Cerao Rosario; Maylle Durand, Katherine; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening in reducing mortality in asymptomatic individuals. Methodology: This was a systematic, observational, and retrospective review. The search was limited to full-text articles, subjected to critical reading, using the Grade assessment to identify their level of evidence. Of the total 100% (10) scientific articles reviewed, 40% (4) were from Spain, 10% (1) from the United Kingdom, 10% (1) from China, 10% (1) from Canada, 10% (1) from Norway, 10% (1) from the United States, and 10% (1) from the Netherlands. Results: According to the findings of the reviewed scientific studies, 9 out of 10 articles demonstrated that colorectal cancer screening is effective in reducing mortality in asymptomatic individuals. Conclusions: The systematic review allows us to evidence that colorectal cancer screening is effective in reducing mortality in asymptomatic individuals because it is a test that provides greater accuracy in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer in its initial stages, thereby contributing to prevention, timely treatment, and increasing the chances of a cure.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular disease mortality
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-26) Cáceres Tica, Reyna Isabel; Lazo Rojas, María Angélica; Matta Solis, Hernán Hugo
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular mortality. Methodology: This is an observational and retrospective systematic review. The search was restricted to full-text articles, which were critically read and evaluated using the GRADE system to identify their evidence grade. The articles reviewed came from Canada (30%), the United States (20%), India (20%), Australia (10%), Turkey (10%), and Taiwan (10%). All the articles reviewed were systematic reviews. Results: According to the findings of the reviewed studies, 100% show that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: The systematic review shows that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Early detection and follow-up for better long-term management of morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease, reduces health costs for both the patient and the institution, and helps identify the disease early to take immediate action to reverse progression and cardiovascular mortality.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular disease mortality
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-26) Cáceres Tica, Reyna Isabel; Lazo Rojas, María Angélica; Matta Solis, Hernán Hugo
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension to reduce cardiovascular mortality. Methodology: This is an observational and retrospective systematic review. The search was restricted to full-text articles, which were critically read and evaluated using the GRADE system to identify their evidence grade. The articles reviewed came from Canada (30%), the United States (20%), India (20%), Australia (10%), Turkey (10%), and Taiwan (10%). All the articles reviewed were systematic reviews. Results: According to the findings of the reviewed studies, 100% show that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Conclusions: The systematic review shows that chronic kidney disease screening in adult patients with diabetes or hypertension is effective in reducing cardiovascular mortality. Early detection and follow-up for better long-term management of morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease, reduces health costs for both the patient and the institution, and helps identify the disease early to take immediate action to reverse progression and cardiovascular mortality.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of outpatient eye screening tests for the early detection of myopia in children under 8 years old
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-11-03) Llata Quispe, Luis Alejandro; Quiroz Morote, Cynthia Miluzka; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: To systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of outpatient ocular screening tests for the early detection of myopia in children under 8 years old. Methodology: Observational and retrospective systematic review. The search was restricted to full-text articles. The selected studies were critically reviewed, and the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations were evaluated using the GRADE system. Results: 10 articles were chosen, with 30% from China, 20% from India, 10% from Spain, 20% from the USA, 10% from England, and 10% from Peru. Regarding the study designs, 6 were systematic reviews, 3 were cross-sectional analytic studies, and 1 was a case-control study. The evidence on the effectiveness of outpatient ocular screening tests for early detection of myopia is very high. Conclusion: There is high effectiveness of outpatient ocular screening tests for the early detection of myopia in children under 8 years old.
Acceso abierto
Emotional problems and child behavior at the Jesus el Nazareno school, 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-08-21) Surichaqui Leon, Seshira Karol; Uturunco Vera, Milagros Lizbeth
Objective: Determine the emotional and behavioral problems in the students of the “Jesús el Nazareno, 2019” Manchay – Lima school. Materials and methods: The research has a quantitative approach with a descriptive cross-sectional methodological design, in a convenience sample of 94 students of both sexes. The survey technique was used and the SPECI Test (Screening of Childhood Emotional and Behavioral Problems) was used as an instrument. Results: The study shows us that 89.42% (93) of students have no problem, followed by 10.58% (11) students who are at risk and finally there were 0% of students with a problem. Conclusion: There are no students who have emotional and behavioral problems at the “Jesus the Nazarene” school.
Acceso abierto
Evaluation of blood supply depletion and costs for blood donations with reactive and indeterminate results at the Maison de Santé clinic, 2019-2020
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-21) Gamarra Yauri, Luis Miguel; Portuguez Perez, Elisabeth del Carmen; Huamán Cárdenas, Victor Raul
There are donations with indeterminate or reactive results after serological screening, which lead to the disposal of blood units, reducing blood supply and increasing costs due to discarded units.
Acceso abierto
Exclusión de hemocomponentes y costos asociados por marcadores infecciosos con tamizaje reactivo e indeterminado en un hospital de Lima, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-12-01) Alania Yauri, Wilmer Andrés; Palacios Butron, Fernando Sarco
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la exclusión de hemocomponentes y los costos asociados a marcadores infecciosos mediante tamizaje reactivo e indeterminado en un hospital de Lima durante el año 2024. La investigación se desarrolla bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, con diseño descriptivo y no experimental, utilizando la revisión documental de los registros del banco de sangre. Se analizará la frecuencia de donaciones reactivas e indeterminadas, así como los costos asociados al descarte de hemocomponentes, considerando marcadores serológicos como VIH, hepatitis B y C, sífilis, entre otros. Los hallazgos esperados podrían evidenciar un impacto significativo en los costos operativos y en la disponibilidad de hemocomponentes, identificando los principales marcadores infecciosos responsables de la exclusión de unidades y los grupos poblacionales más afectados. Este estudio permitirá proponer estrategias para optimizar los recursos, mejorar los procesos de tamizaje y reforzar la seguridad transfusional, contribuyendo así a la gestión eficiente del banco de sangre y a la atención de los pacientes.
Acceso abierto
Factores personales y la actitud para realizarse chequeos para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino, en una población peruana – 2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-09-26) Sanchez Manrique, Alisson Molly; Vásquez Mendoza, Miguel Arturo
Introducción: El cáncer de cuello uterino es una enfermedad prevenible que, sin embargo, mantiene una alta incidencia y mortalidad. Existen métodos gratuitos de tamizaje para su detección temprana, sin embargo, su cobertura sigue siendo limitada y desigual, determinada por diversos factores personales y sociales. Objetivo: Determinar si existe relación entre los factores personales y la actitud para realizarse chequeos para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino, en una población peruana – 2025. Métodos: Estudio analítico, de enfoque cuantitativo, tipo básico, con diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional. La muestra fue conformada por 216 mujeres de Huancayo, seleccionadas mediante muestreo probabilístico. Resultados: Las mujeres con educación básica tuvieron 2,3 veces más prevalencia de actitud media o negativa hacia el tamizaje, en comparación con aquellas con nivel universitario (RPa = 2,30; IC95%: 1,40–3,79; p = 0,001). Asimismo, quienes poseían conocimiento medio y bajo presentaron prevalencias 4,13 y 6,78 veces mayores, respectivamente, frente a las de conocimiento alto. Por otro lado, las mujeres de religiones no católicas mostraron una menor prevalencia de actitud media o negativa (RPa = 0,48; IC95%: 0,29–0,81; p = 0,005). Conclusión: Existen asociaciones significativas entre el nivel educativo, conocimiento y religión y la actitud de realizarse chequeos para la prevención del cáncer de cuello uterino, en una población peruana – 2025.
Acceso abierto
Factors involved in the decision to screen for cervical cancer in women treated at the San Martin de Porres Health Center, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-08-07) Alavi Valverde, Katherine Eliza; Rodríguez Huamán, Yda Rafaela
Objective: To determine the factors influencing cervical cancer screening decisions in women attending the San Martin de Porres Health Center, 2024. Methodology: Quantitative approach, non-experimental, descriptive-correlational design, cross-sectional and prospective. The sample consisted of 100 women aged 25 to 65 who visited the San Martin de Porres Health Center. Results: Regarding demographic factors, the majority of women were aged 25 to 35 years (44%), cohabiting (45%), had secondary education (55%), and were homemakers (55%). Regarding social factors, 62% received prior information, family support, good treatment from health professionals, and a comfortable environment, while 38% lacked family support, prior information, and faced difficulty obtaining appointments. Regarding cultural factors, 36% felt shame, discomfort, fear of pain, or fear of results, while 64% did not experience these issues. Conclusion: Several factors influence cervical cancer screening decisions. Demographic factors showed the strongest relationship with screening, followed by cultural factors and, finally, social factors.
Acceso abierto
Hemoglobina glicosilada y el síndrome metabólico en pacientes adultos atendidos en un Centro Médico Privado en Lima, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-06) Huaccachi Shamayre, Lizeth; Cabrejos Chilge, Gabriel Emigdio
El propósito de esta investigación fue analizar la posible relación entre los valores de hemoglobina glicosilada (HbA1c) y la presencia de síndrome metabólico adultos atendidos en un centro médico privado en Lima, 2024. Se desarrollo un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica, sustentado de un diseño no experimental, con alcance correlacional y corte transversal, aplicándose sobre una muestra censal de 110 personas. La información se obtuvo mediante la revisión de historias clínicas y resultados de laboratorio, lo que permitió examinar la asociación existente entre las variables, a través de del uso estadístico chi cuadrado como prueba de contraste. Los resultados revelaron que no existió relación estadísticamente significativa entre la hemoglobina y el síndrome metabólico (χ² = 0.818; p = 0.664); sin embargo, se constató una asociación importante entre el síndrome metabólico y los parámetros lipídicos, particularmente con niveles elevados de triglicéridos y el colesterol HDL bajo (p = 0.001 y p = 0.012). En conclusión, el estudio evidenció que la hemoglobina glicosilada no se asoció directamente con el síndrome metabólico, aunque ambos representan indicadores de riesgo metabólico relevante. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la necesidad de un abordaje clínico integral que contemple el control lipídico y la prevención de alteraciones metabólicas en la población adulta.
Acceso abierto
Knowledge level regarding neonatal metabolic screening programs among mothers in the joint accommodation service at a Lima hospital, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-03) Severino Zuñiga, Susy Elena; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: Determine the level of knowledge of mothers about the neonatal metabolic screening program in the Joint Accommodation Service of a Hospital in Lima. The Methodology: The study will be quantitative, the non-experimental study design will be used because the variables and cross-sectional will not be manipulated. Data collection techniques and instruments: the survey technique and the questionnaire will be used, the instrument developed by Bonilla, which will be applied in a Hospital in Lima, Peru, validated through expert judgment, with a significant agreement calculated through the agreement table and binomial test whose value was 0.01 and reliability through the K-Richardson with 0.80, indicating high reliability. Procedures to collect data will be carried out during the month of November in the neonatology services. Statistical analysis: the information acquired will be entered into the Excel program database and the results will be presented in tables for the respective data analysis through descriptive statistics.
Acceso abierto
Level of knowledge of the nurse in the application of cardiac screening by pulse oximetry in apparently healthy newborns in the neonatology service of a public hospital in Lima september - 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-10) Recines Panez, Edith Liliana; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa Maria
Through pulse oximetry, congenital heart diseases can be identified before the neonate presents serious signs, detecting a decrease in oxygen saturation in the blood as the first sign of these malformations. The objective of this study is: To identify the level of knowledge of the nurse in the application of cardiac screening by pulse oximetry in the apparently healthy newborn, in the neonatology service of a public hospital in Lima, 2021. Methodology: It is a applied study, with a quantitative approach and observational, descriptive cross-sectional design. The representative sample will be made up of 12 nursing professionals who work in the rooming-in unit. Data collection technique and instrument: the survey will be used as a technique, and the questionnaire will be used as an instrument, which contains 17 questions that evaluate the level of knowledge in physiological, technical aspects and interpretation of results. Procedures: The information obtained will be organized in a Microsoft Excel electronic sheet, according to coding and measurement scale of the variable, then tabulated and entered into the SPS version 25 computerized system. Statistical analysis: The descriptive analysis will be developed with tables. of frequencies, measures of central tendency and graphs.
Acceso abierto
Validation of nutritional screening tools in pediatric patients hospitalized in the surgery area of the National Teaching Hospital Madre Niño San Bartolomé, Lima-Peru-2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-10-27) Aguilar Flores, Jennifer Leticia; Mauricio Alza, Saby Marisol
Currently, nutritional screening tools help identify the nutritional risk in pediatric patients to implement an effective and timely nutritional strategy. Information was collected from the procedures conducted during the healthcare activity, and nutritional screening tools were applied. Finally, both tools were compared. According to the STAMP tool, 76% of the pediatric population was classified as having a high risk of malnutrition, compared to the STRONGKids tool, which classified only 36% as high risk. However, both tools proved valid for determining the nutritional status of pediatric patients, as the Pearson correlation applied for validity testing was significant for both tools.
Acceso abierto
Variables asociadas con la participación en el tamizaje de papanicolaou en mujeres asistidas en el Centro de Salud Salamanca en 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-07-09) Lopez Alcalde, Giordanno Omar; Chicata Chávez, Ana María
El presente estudio fue planteado con el objetivo identificar las variables asociadas con la participación en el tamizaje de Papanicolaou en mujeres asistidas en el Centro de Salud Salamanca en 2024. Material y métodos; hipotètico deductivo, cuantitativo, aplicado, observacional, retrospectivo y corte transversal con una muestra de 108 mujeres. Los hallazgos obtenidos evidenciaron que las variables personales asociadas fue ùnicamente la edad (p:0.017) mientras que las variables socioculturales asociadas fueron la religión (p:0.009) y el miedo al procedimiento (p:0.027) y finalmente las variables reproductivas asociadas fue el número de compañeros sexuales (p:0.002). Estas asociaciones indican que tanto los factores personales como los socioculturales y reproductivos influyen en la decisión de las mujeres de realizarse el examen de Papanicolaou. Conclusiones existen variables asociadas con la participación en el tamizaje de Papanicolaou en mujeres asistidas en el Centro de Salud Salamanca en 2024 como variables personales, socioculturales y reproductivas estas engloban a la edad, la religión, el miedo al procedimiento y el número de compañeros sexuales, lo cual refuerza la necesidad de intervenciones diferenciadas y culturalmente pertinentes.tales como la edad, la religión, el miedo al procedimiento y el número de compañeros sexuales.