Examinando por Materia "Monitoreo del Ambiente"

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Determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants who attend the growth and development clinic at the Viña San Francisco health post, Santa Anita district, Lima 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-20) Villamar Arce, Sheila Yallily; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) states that anemia affects around 800 million children and women in the world. In Peru, iron deficiency anemia is a serious public health problem affecting 46.6% of children. children at very early ages between 6 months and the first year of life, this situation being the same as that observed in the growth and development clinic of the Viña San Francisco health facility in the Santa Anita district, where the percentage of Anemia in 6-month-old infants reaches 39.8%, a figure that remains high in the first half of 2019 despite the health intervention strategies carried out to reduce cases of anemia in the target population. Objective: Describe the determining factors of anemia in 6-month-old infants. Method: The study has a quantitative approach, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective, presenting a single main variable, the techniques used were documentary analysis and the interview and the instruments used were the monitoring sheet and the questionnaire applied to the mothers of 6-month-old infants with anemia, the population being the total number of infants, which was 27, constituting a census. Results: During the study period, it was identified that, of the total number of infants with anemia, 70.3% had mild anemia, 25.9% had moderate anemia and 3.7% had severe anemia, with the female sex prevailing with 59.2%. Regarding the determining factors of anemia, present: 25.9% of mothers had a history of anemia during pregnancy, it was identified that 85.1% of infants received iron supplementation at the health facility with timely initiation of the supplement and of them 51.7% consumed it in less than 2 months and 56.5% did not consume it daily, with poor adherence to prophylactic treatment. Regarding the type of feeding, 51.8% of the infants did not receive exclusive breastfeeding, its varieties being mixed, artificial breastfeeding and consumption of cow's milk. 1 infant with a history of prematurity and 2 infants with low birth weight were identified; however, none received prophylactic iron supplementation. 55.5% of infants had their complete vaccination for their age, 70.3% of infants did not have complete growth and development controls for their age. In relation to prevalent diseases, 44.4% of infants with anemia presented diarrheal disease and respiratory infections and of them 3 infants were hospitalized. It has been identified that more than 70% of mothers of infants are unaware of the consequences of anemia during pregnancy, the irreversible effects suffered by the child with anemia in their adult life and the areas of psychomotor development that are affected in the child. with anemia. Conclusions: From the results obtained, it is concluded that the majority of infants in the study had mild or slight anemia, with a predominance of the female sex. A good percentage of the infants began iron supplementation in a timely manner at the health facility. However, More than half of them did not comply with the treatment on a regular basis, identifying difficulties in adherence to treatment. Likewise, infants with a history of prematurity and low birth weight were found who did not receive supplementation despite being infants with a risk factor for anemia, it was found that half of the infants with anemia did not receive exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, being essential for the prevention of the disease, there is non-compliance with the vaccination schedule and growth and development controls in the infants under study, conditioning the risk of suffering from prevalent diseases such as diarrhea and respiratory infections, as is the case, and at the same time losing the possibility of receiving growth controls and timely nutritional evaluation, it has also been identified that most of mothers interviewed, are unaware of the consequences of anemia in children, which could lead to non-compliance with basic nutritional care in the infant by parents from conception.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of using external ventricular drainage for monitoring intracranial pressure in neurocritical patients in the intensive care unit
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-09-29) Murga Aranda, Oskar Luis; Aliaga Estrada, Judith Yessica; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: To systematically analyze the available evidence from studies carried out on the “Effectiveness of the use of external ventricular drainage for monitoring intracranial pressure in neurocritical patients in the intensive care unit.” material and method: The systematic review of the 10 scientific articles found; “Effectiveness of the use of external ventricular drainage for monitoring intracranial pressure in neurocritical patients in the intensive care unit.”, were found in the following databases Cochrane, Lilacs, Scielo, Medline Pubmed, all of them were analyzed according to the Grade scale to determine its strength and quality of evidence, Results: Of the 10 articles reviewed correspond to the methodological design of the study, 10% (1/10) randomized controlled trial, 20% (2/10) meta-analysis, 20% (2/10) observational study, 20% (2/10) retrospective study and 30% (3/10) case study. Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 90% (9/10) evidence the effectiveness of using external ventricular drainage for monitoring intracranial pressure in neurocritical patients in the intensive care unit. Conclusions: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 100% (10/10) evidence the effectiveness of using external ventricular drainage for monitoring intracranial pressure in neurocritical patients in the intensive care unit.
Acceso abierto
The effectiveness of using the pulse oximeter for the early detection of respiratory failure in patients in the intensive care unit
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-09-05) Quiroz Poma, Karina Eugenia; Suarez Valderrama, Yurik Anatoli
The critical areas unit has been created with the purpose of providing comprehensive care to high-risk patients, improving the functioning of organic systems when they are affected. For this reason, various non-invasive devices have been created that seek to ensure that doctors and nurses specialized in intensive care have the maximum amount of information to achieve thorough monitoring of patients, whether discontinuous or continuous, helping to avoid exacerbation processes. or death. Therefore, patients in this unit require constant monitoring of non-invasive devices such as the pulse oximeter that allows us to assess the measurement of oxygen saturation in the blood. This device facilitates continuous monitoring and early detection of a possible complication in our patient, therefore, it allows us to reveal the effectiveness of the pulse oximeter in this area.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of equipment and furniture surface disinfectants in reducing contamination and preventing infections
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Lindo Véliz, Maribel Lilia; Rosas Cayetano, Jackie Myrian; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of surface disinfectants on equipment and furniture in reducing contamination and preventing infections. Materials and Methods: Systematic Reviews are an experimental quantitative research design, the population is made up of the bibliographic review of 4 scientific articles published and indexed in scientific databases, all of them are of high quality. Results: In the systematic review, the comparison study of hypochlorite against quaternary ammonium, hydrogen peroxide, povidone-iodine, 4% chlorhexidine is observed, hypochlorite showing superior disinfection action on surfaces. In the second article reviewed, the disinfectant effectiveness of 70% alcohol is demonstrated when applied directly to contaminated surfaces, observing a microbial reduction. From the third article, it is observed that hypochlorous acid is 100% effective on surfaces. From the fourth article, it is concluded that hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid are effective for cleaning surfaces. Conclusions: The reviewed articles show that sodium hypochlorite showed superior action in disinfecting furniture surfaces compared to 70% alcohol, quaternary ammonium, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, peracetic acid, but it is necessary to consider its toxicity and corrosion during the use.
Acceso abierto
Efficacy of forced hot air for the management of hypothermia in the perioperative period
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Moya Malasquez, Maria Isabel; Cuba Vergara, Lissete Pamela; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Objective: Determine the effectiveness of forced hot air for the management of hypothermia in the perioperative period. Methodology: Systematic review that compiles 11 investigations published between 2006 and 2016, obtained from different databases and scientific journals. Results: This review presents the characteristics and effectiveness of forced hot air and its influence as a strategy in thermal management to reduce perioperative complications and thereby ensure an adequate temperature in the patient to achieve comfort and user satisfaction. Conclusions: The reviewed articles show us that the application of the forced air warming system is one of the most effective methods in maintaining perioperative normothermia, even in comparison with other methods to prevent hypothermia in the perioperative period. Likewise, active warming from the immediate preoperative period, associated with measures such as increasing the ambient temperature and active skin warming, are related to greater effectiveness in preventing perioperative hypothermia; highlighting the importance of temperature monitoring pre-, intra- and post-operatively, and its positive effects in maintaining normothermia during this stage, such as: prevention of infection of the surgical wound, reducing post-hospitalization time. operation, patient comfort, reduce postoperative pain, avoid bleeding, among other important complications.
Acceso abierto
Relationship between the level of knowledge and practices of biosafety measures in the nursing staff of the Hnerm recovery service -2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-09-30) Bernabé Huasacca, Antony Edgar; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and biosecurity practices among nursing staff in the recovery service at HNERM, 2021. The study is quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and non-experimental, with a cross-sectional numerical design. The population consisted of 60 nursing staff members. Data were collected through questionnaires and an observation guide, one for applying biosecurity measures and the other for assessing knowledge of biosecurity measures, both of which had Cronbach's alpha values of 0.783 and 0.928, respectively. The results demonstrated that there is a high level of knowledge and appropriate application of biosecurity measures. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between knowledge of biosecurity in general aspects and practices among the nursing staff in the recovery service at HNERM, 2021, showing that 85% had a medium level of knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen healthcare institutions, especially where this research was conducted, by providing training and ensuring that nursing staff are aware of and apply appropriate biosecurity measures for the well-being of their health, patients, and their environment.