Examinando por Materia "Plaguicidas"

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Acceso abierto
Determinación de plaguicidas organofosforado en Solanum Tuberosum L. Var. Yungay “papa“ del Mercado Mayorista de Santa Anita – enero 2015
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Cupe Gonzales, Remigio; Lizano Gutiérrez, Jesús Víctor
Over time, agricultural practices have evolved from traditional methods based on natural elements (water, sunlight, soil, manure) to industrial agriculture employing new technological resources, such as machinery and increasingly sophisticated chemical products. Consequently, pest control methods have also changed, with some farmers using pesticides that eliminate any type of pest. However, the indiscriminate use of these substances is causing contamination of water, soil, and food due to pesticide residues. The present research aimed to determine the presence of organophosphorus pesticides in Solanum tuberosum L. var. Yungay (“potato”). Samples were collected in January 2015 at the wholesale market of Santa Anita, located on Av. La Cultura, district of Santa Anita. A total of 10 samples of 1 kg each of Solanum tuberosum L. var. Yungay (“potato”) were collected equitably from different potato stalls according to the distribution map of the market. All safety measures were taken during transport to SENASA for subsequent analysis by the GC/MS method. The results showed traces of the pesticide Fipronil in one of the samples, with a concentration of 0.002 mg/kg, corresponding to 10% of the samples. It was concluded that this concentration does not exceed the maximum residue limit established by the FAO.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación de residuos de plaguicidas de cultivos hortícolas apio (apium graveolens l.) en el valle Chillón-Lima 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-04-29) Salvador Echevarria, Guadalupe Sintia; Tapia Salas, Vanessa; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
Objective: To evaluate pesticide residue levels in horticultural crops, celery (Apium graveolens L.), from the Chillón Valley. Methodology: This research was based on a quantitative, applied approach, with a semi-experimental, exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional design. The population consisted of vegetable crops (celery) harvested from two plots in the Chillón Valley, Lima. Twenty samples of celery crops were taken: 10 samples from the town of Trapiche and 10 from the town of Zapan. Sampling was random. One instrument was used to observe the harvesting area and another instrument to collect the analysis results. Results: The most commonly used pesticides were: Atrazine, Azoxystrobin, Carbendazim, Clothianidin, Fludioxonil, Imidacloprid, Phenthoate, Propiconazole, Omethoate, Profenofos, Chlorantraniliprole, Indoxacarb, Methomyl, Propamocarb, and Proquinazid. When evaluating compliance with national and international regulations (Codex Alimentarius), the pesticides that exceeded the maximum permissible limits were: Atrazine, Azoxystrobin, Carbendazim, Phenthoate, Propiconazole, Profenofos, Chlorantraniliprole, and Methomyl. Potential human health risks associated with the ingestion of food contaminated with pesticide residues may include reproductive risks, neurological risks, organic risks, and genetic risks. Conclusions: When evaluating pesticide residue levels in horticultural crops, celery (Apium graveolens L.) from the Chillón Valley, it was determined that some pesticides were present at concentrations hazardous to human health.
Acceso abierto
Evaluación y consecuencias de los plaguicidas en la salud de los pobladores de Mala – Perú, 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-07-08) Tarazona Tineo, Jackeline Fabiola; Ramos Jaco, Antonio Guillermo
The objective of the research was to evaluate the health consequences of pesticides in the population of Mala, Peru, in 2021. Methodology: This was a non-experimental, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. A total of 315 residents of Mala between the ages of 18 and 50 were evaluated using a survey and a questionnaire. Results: The symptoms of pesticide exposure found were: Malathion (26.7% headache, 7.6% nausea, 2.9% cramps, 2.5% salivation), Chlorpyrifos (8.6% headache, 2.9% cramps, 2.9% nausea, 1.6% vomiting), and Dicrotophos (8.6% headache, 2.2% nausea). The most used pesticide was Malathion across all age groups: 11.7% for ages 18–25, 14.9% for ages 26–35, and 16.8% for ages 36–50. Furthermore, the exposure time was one hour for 10.2% of those aged 18–25, 12.4% for 26–35, and 17.8% for 36–50. By gender, the exposure rate was 4.8% for females and 35.6% for males. Conclusions: It was determined that the health consequences of pesticides are significant, correlating with exposure time and demographic data.
Acceso abierto
Exposición ocupacional a pesticidas como factor de riesgo para trastornos neurológicos en trabajadores agroindustriales
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-01) Maldonado Zegarra, Jacqueline Miriam; Nonato Almerco, Edyflor Luz; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Objetivo: Sistematizar las evidencias de la exposición ocupacional a pesticidas como factor de riesgo para trastornos neurológicos en trabajadores agroindustriales. Material y Métodos: Se realizó la búsqueda de investigaciones científicas de tipo cuantitativo, valorando la calidad de la información, según sistema de evaluación Grade, implícita en las siguiente base de datos: PubMed, Sciencedirect. La evaluación a los 10 artículos indican que el 20% (n= 2/10) son revisiones sistemáticas, 40% (n= 4/10) revisiones sistemáticas y meta-análisis, y el 40 % (n= 4/10) es meta-análisis. Asimismo señalan que la procedencia radica en los países: Chile (10%), seguida de china (10%), Reino Unido (10%), España (10%), Bélgica (10%), Egipto (10%) y Corea del Sur (10%), Suecia (10%), Italia (10%), Estados Unidos (10%). Resultados: El 100% de las evidencias evaluadas señalan que la exposición ocupacional a pesticidas es un factor de riesgo para trastornos neurológicos en trabajadores agroindustriales. Conclusión: Las evidencias señalan que 10 de 10 artículos evaluados indican que la exposición ocupacional a pesticidas es un factor de riesgo para trastornos neurológicos en trabajadores agroindustriales, por lo cual se recomienda brindar información al trabajador e investigar a profundidad los riesgos.
Acceso abierto
Manejo de plaguicidas y su relación con los síntomas neurotóxicos en los agricultores del distrito de Pachacamac, 2025
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-11-04) Escalante Ccoillo, Miguel Angel; Maldonado Saire, Yessabel Lucero; Llahuilla Quea, José Antonio
The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between pesticide management and neurotoxic symptoms in farmers from Tambo Inga, Pachacamac district, 2025. The method used was descriptive correlational, with a quantitative approach; in addition, the type of study was basic, also, prospective, cross-sectional and observational; non-experimental, descriptive - correlational design. The population consisted of 150 farmers from Tambo Inga, Pachacamac district, and the selected sample consisted of 120 farmers, who were chosen through non-random convenience sampling and meeting the proposed selection criteria. The technique used was the survey, using in turn specific questionnaires for the evaluation of the variables; in addition, these were validated by expert judgment and denoted acceptable reliability according to Cronbach's Alpha. Results: It was observed that the majority of farmers presented no neurotoxic symptoms and adequate pesticide management (82.5%), while only 16.7% of farmers presented neurotoxic symptoms, despite adequate pesticide management. Furthermore, the correlational analysis of the variables found a correlation coefficient (Spearman's Rho) of -0.199 (p=0.029). Likewise, the correlational analysis between the dimensions of pesticide management (general knowledge, storage, and personal protection) and neurotoxic symptoms showed the same results, with negative and significant relationships. Conclusion: It was determined that there is a negative and significant relationship between pesticide management and neurotoxic symptoms; that is, it allows us to deduce that as pesticide management improves, neurotoxic symptoms in farmers decrease slightly, or vice versa.
Acceso abierto
Riesgo de leucemia en niños de padres expuestos a pesticidas
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Miranda Silva, Jessica Mabel; Palomino Yupanqui, Katherine Yesenia; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Material y métodos: La revisión sistemática de los 10 artículos científicos sobre riesgo de leucemia en niños de padres expuestos a pesticidas, fueron hallados en las siguientes bases de datos: Wiley One library, Science direct, Scientific Research Publishing, Wolters Kluwer, BioMed Central, Pubmed, Medline. Dentro de las 10 evidencias el 100% (n= 10/10) el tipo de investigación fue cuantitativa (12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21) y de diseño el 60% (n=6/10) caso control (16,17,18,19,20,21), el 20% (n=2/10) revisión sistemática y metaanalisis (14,15) y el 20% (n=2/10) metaanálisis (12,13). Resultados: Según los resultados obtenidos de la revisión sistemática, el 80% (n = 8/10) muestran que riesgo de leucemia en niños de padres expuestos a pesticidas (12, 13, 15, 16, 17,18, 20). El 20% (n=20) no se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa riesgo de leucemia en niños de padres expuestos a pesticidas. (14,19). Conclusión: Posterior a la revisión sistemática realizada se concluye que el 80% de la población en estudio muestra que hay aumento en el riesgo de leucemia en niños de padres expuestos a pesticidas. Por otro lado se concluye que el 20% de la población en estudio no se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa de riesgo de leucemia en niños de padres expuestos a pesticidas.