Examinando por Materia "Prevención Secundaria"

Mostrando 1 - 10 de 10

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Effective interventions in preventing bacteremia in patients with central venous catheters for hemodialysis
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-12) Crisólogo Mendoza, Roxana Maribel; Tuesta Loja, Sandy Yessenia; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Objective: Analyze and systematize the evidence on effective interventions to prevent bacteremia in patients with central venous catheters for hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: the type of quantitative study was used and the study design is a systematic review, with a population consisting of the bibliographic review of 24 articles, and the sample of 10 scientific articles, using the GRADE method, in relation to The designs and types of studies, 50% correspond to systematic review, 30% retrospective and 20%. Results: 60% of the articles on effective interventions and preventive measures for the prevention of bacteremia were due to good handling and use of the correct hygiene and asepsis protocol, 40% are based on the use of antibiotics and mupirocin ointment can reduce the risk of bacteremia. Conclusions: 6 of 10 articles on effective interventions and preventive measures to reduce bacteremia were the correct handling and strict use of the protocol of hygiene and asepsis measures, since all this is the fundamental basis of the prevention of bacteremia. Mainly emphasis is placed on the role played by nursing staff, being a key element in ensuring this is achieved.
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Effective nursing care for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Quiroz Ramos, Liz Karina; Vega Ircash, Maite Gianina; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: to analyze effective care for the prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation. methodology: systematic review of 10 articles obtained from the databases pubmed, medline, elservier, google academic, cochrane, 50% (5/10) correspond to brazil, 10% (1/10) correspond to spain, the 10% (1/10) corresponds to Chile, 10% (1/10) corresponds to Argentina, 10% (1/10) corresponds to South Africa, 10% (1/10) corresponds to Australia. Mostly systematic reviews 80%, meta-analysis 10% and non-randomized trial 10%, mainly in the countries of Brazil, Argentina, Spain, Chile, South Africa, Australia. Results: of the total number of articles analyzed, 60% identify aspiration of secretions, 40% identify oral hygiene with the use of 2% chlorexhidine, and 30% identify the patient's bed position between 30° and 45°. ° as effective care to prevent pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: effective care for the prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation is aspiration of secretions, oral hygiene with the use of 2% chlorexhidine and the position of the patient's bed between 30° and 45°.
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Effectiveness of diet therapy to prevent renal lithiasis
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-02) Uría Angles, Erlinda Violeta; Berrio Huiza, Dalia Doris; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Material and method: The systematic review of the 10 scientific articles found on the effectiveness of Diet Therapy to prevent Renal Lithiasis, were found in the following database Lilacs, Scielo, Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane Epistemonikos. All of them correspond to quantitative studies with a design from meta-analysis, systematic reviews, experimental research, and randomized clinical trials. Of the 10 articles reviewed, 60% (6/10) correspond to the methodological design of systematic review and the other 40% (4/10) are various studies corresponding to meta-analysis, meta-analysis and systematic review experimental research, randomized controlled clinical trial. Results: Of the 10 articles systematically reviewed, 100% (10/10) evidence the effectiveness of diet therapy to prevent kidney stones in the general population. Conclusions. 10 out of 10 articles demonstrate the effectiveness of diet therapy in the prevention of kidney stones. The consumption of a diet balanced in calcium, sodium, proteins of animal origin, and water is more effective in preventing kidney stones in the general population.
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Effectiveness of interventions for preventing urinary tract infections in patients with indwelling urinary catheters
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-01-06) Tomairo Garriazo, Wilmer Eduardo; Torres Zavaleta, Danny Gustavo; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: Systematize the available evidence from studies carried out on the effectiveness of interventions to prevent urinary tract infections associated with the use of bladder catheters in patients in critical units. Material and Methods: The Systematic Review of the 10 scientific articles found were found in the following database Pubmed, Medline, Scielo, all of them were analyzed using the evaluation according to the Grade system to see quality and strength of evidence. Results: In the final compilation, 10 articles were chosen, we found that 50% (05) correspond to the United States, with 30% (03) Spain, 10% (01) to Brazil and 10% (1) to England. Most of the quasi-experimental studies have been studied with 50% (05), being from Spain, England and the United States, systematic reviews with 40% (04), being from Spain, Brazil and the United States, and descriptive studies. with 10% (1) corresponding to the United States. 50% (n=5/10) agree that evidence-based nursing interventions are effective in avoiding infections due to bladder catheterization, while 40% (n=4/10) mention that protocols, guidelines and preventive programs are of unavoidable use to avoid infections due to the use of this invasive device. Likewise, 10% (n=1/10) propose implementation strategies that will help prevent urinary tract infections, obtaining an effective response to this problem. Conclusions: 5 of the 10 evidence indicate that evidence-based nursing interventions (timely removal of the catheter, effective asepsis and timely evidence of signs of infection) promote the evaluation of the permanence of urinary catheterization and its eventual removal at the time. which is unnecessary, therefore, to achieve a decrease in the rate of urinary tract catheterization infections.
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Effectiveness of nursing care in managing central venous catheters to prevent infections in adult patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-11-24) Morán Cruz, Beatriz Claudia; Ortiz Peña, Jorge Daniel; Rivera Lozada De Bonilla, Oriana
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of nursing care in the management of the central venous catheter for the prevention of infections in adult patients. Material and Methods: Systematic review of 10 selected articles, using the database of Pubmed, Elsevier, Sciencedirect, Scielo, Redalyc. It is a quantitative study with a systematic review design. Results: Nursing care on the effectiveness to prevent infections in adult patients with a central venous catheter, according to the results obtained from the systematic review carried out in the present study, we have by the type of design: 30% each, systematic review and quasi experimental, 20% meta-analysis, and 10% each, controlled clinical study and cohort. By type of quality: 60% high and 40% moderate. By country of origin: 40% United States, 20% each of the Netherlands and Chile, 10% each of them, Spain and Brazil. The 10 articles show that nursing care regarding effectiveness is aseptic technique, hand hygiene, the use of maximum sterile barrier precautions, the use of 2% chlorhexidine, the selection of an appropriate site, daily observation, precaution biosafety barrier, updating and training of nurses in the aseptic barrier technique and lid; It is essential for the prevention of infection associated with central venous catheters. Conclusion: The main nursing care regarding effectiveness in preventing infections in adult patients with venous catheters are hand hygiene, the use of maximum sterile barrier precautions, the use of 2% chlorhexidine, daily observation and ongoing training. nursing staff.
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Effectiveness of polyethylene cover versus other care for the prevention of eye injury in intensive care unit patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-16) Silva Villajulca, Frida Liz; Muñoz Zuñiga, Alexander Rodrigo; Fernández Rengifo, Werther Fernando
Objective: to systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of polyethylene cover versus other care for the prevention of eye injuries in patients in the intensive care unit. Materials and Method: Systematic Review, articles with complete content submitted to a reading critique, the recommendation will be made using the GRADE system. Results: Of 10 scientific articles, (20%) Mexico, continuing with Saudi Arabia (20%), then China (10%), United Kingdom (10%), Brazil (10%), Canada (10%), Peru ( 10%), Turkey (10%), The quality of the evidence, 90% (n=09/10) are of high evidence. 60% (n=06/10) of the articles are systematic reviews, followed by 20% (n=02/10) randomized controlled trials, 10% (n=01/10) Meta-analysis and 10% (n=01/10) remaining are from a cohort study. Of a total of 10 articles reviewed, 90% (n=09/10) of these show that the polyethylene cover is more effective compared to other care for the prevention of eye injuries in patients in the intensive care unit. Conclusions : In 9 of the 10 articles it is evident that the polyethylene cover is more effective for the prevention of eye injuries in patients in the intensive care unit.
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Effectiveness of probiotics in preventing and controlling antibiotic-induced diarrhea and Clostridium difficile in pediatric patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-12) Palma Barrera, Ines Rosario; Millones Gómez, Segundo Germán
Systematic review of 10 scientific articles selected from databases such as Cochrane, LILACS, Scielo, Medline and Pubmed; They were analyzed according to the GRADE scale; resulting in 70% (n=7/10) indicating that probiotics are effective in the prevention and control of diarrhea due to antibiotics and Clostridium difficile in pediatric patients. 60% reduce the risk of developing diarrheal diseases associated with C. difficile. The probiotics S. boulardii and Lactobscyllus rhamnosus are effective in preventing diarrhea due to antibiotics compared to placebos in hospitalized pediatric patients. It is concluded that 7 of 10 reviewed articles show the effectiveness of probiotics for the prevention and control of diarrhea due to antibiotics and Clostridium difficile in pediatric patients.
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Effectiveness of surgical dressings in preventing surgical site infections in patients with clean contaminated wounds
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-01-19) Alvarez Genovez, Ruth Maria; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of surgical dressing in preventing surgical site infection in patients with clean contaminated wounds. Material and Methods: the systematic reviews of these 10 pieces of evidence were found in the following databases: Google Scholar, Dialnet, Cochrane, Epistemonikos and Scielo. Of the 10 articles reviewed, 70% (n=7/10) are systematic reviews, 20% (n=2/10) are case-control studies and 10% (n=1/10) are randomized clinical trials. According to the quality of the evidence, it was found to be high in 80% and moderate in 20%. According to the recommendation strength it is 80% strong and 20% weak; Depending on the country where the investigations are carried out, it corresponds to Spain 40%, the United States 20%, Peru 20%, the United Kingdom 10% and Colombia 10%. Results: according to the review, it is evident that 80% (n=8/10) of the articles indicate that the surgical dressing is not effective for the prevention of surgical site infection in patients with clean contaminated wounds and 20% (n= 2/10) state that the surgical dressing is effective in preventing surgical site infection in clean contaminated wounds. Conclusions: it is concluded that 8 of 10 evidences indicate that the surgical dressing is not effective for the prevention of surgical site infection in patients with clean contaminated wounds and 2 of 10 evidences affirm that the surgical dressing is effective in the prevention of site infection. surgical in clean contaminated wounds.
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Efficacy of physical exercise in cardiac rehabilitation in post-myocardial infarction patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Morales Aguinaga, Gisella Teresa; Velasquez De La Cruz, Soledad Consuelo; Gómez Gonzales, Walter Edgar
This research is a Systematic Review with an observational and retrospective research design, which synthesizes the results of multiple primary investigations. They are an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to their rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of clinical practice. It is observational because there is no intervention on the variables subject to measurement of the sample. Results: Cardiac rehabilitation focused on secondary prevention, on the reduction of cardiac risk, as well as on the recurrence of cardiac events and heart attacks. , which contributes to the quality of life and the reduction of mortality by 25%. Conclusions: The total of 05 articles systematically reviewed, 100% (n=5/5) evidence that physical exercise is effective for rehabilitation cardiac in post patients.
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Knowledge and practice on pneumonia prevention measures associated with mechanical ventilation of the nursing professional in a private clinic in Lima
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-21) Rodriguez Silva, Paola Magaly; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa Maria
Aim. It will be determined the relationship that exists between knowledge and practice on pneumonia prevention measures associated with mechanical ventilation of the nursing professional in a Private Clinic in Lima. Materials and methods. The present research will have a quantitative approach, in terms of the methodological design of this research, it is cross-sectional correlational. The population is made up of 60 nursing professionals who work in the intensive care unit of a Private Clinic in Lima, the participating professionals were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria proposed, one of the inclusion criteria is those who accept voluntarily participate in the research and sign the informed consent. The technique that will be used in the field work is the survey and observation, with which important data for the present study will be obtained. To measure knowledge about preventive measures for pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, the data collection instrument will be used: the Danixa Beatriz De la Cruz Vilca questionnaire, validated with a result of 0.83% and a reliability of 0.92%, it consists of 12 questions, it will have a credit of two points each, making a total of 24 points and will be graded excellent (18 – 24), regular (9 – 17) and poor (0 – 8). To measure the practice, the observation technique of Alca Montoya, Lizzet Emmily was applied where a list of interventions applied for the prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation called STOP NAV is used. It consists of 15 questions, with correct answers scored from 0-15. “YES” or “NO” is placed with a cross (X) according to each intervention.