Examinando por Materia "Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive"

Mostrando 1 - 11 de 11

Acceso abierto
Complications associated with the use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the adult emergency service
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-01-05) Espinoza Pizarro, Judith; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Objective: Systematize evidence on the complications associated with the use of NIV in patients with exacerbated COPD, thus putting into practice the appropriate application of nursing care in these patients, for the prevention of these complications. Material and Methods: The quantitative observational and retrospective systematic review was used, which were subjected to critical selection, the Grade evaluation system was used, the degree of evidence of the 10 articles systematically reviewed was identified. Results: 100% (n= 10/10) determined that there are complications associated with the use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in patients with exacerbated COPD, the most notable being: lacerations on the forehead and nose (70%), discomfort, being responsible 12 to 30% of NIV failures, gastric distention, dry eyes and mouth. Conclusion: There are complications associated with the use of NIV in patients with exacerbated COPD: lacerations, on the forehead and nose, and they are related to the patient and ventilator interface at the time of placing the mask on the patients, dry eyes and mouth, feeling of claustrophobia, anxiety, restlessness, gastric distension, aspiration pneumonia.
Acceso abierto
Effect of nutritional support to improve nutritional quality in adults and older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-31) Quispe Calla, Elvia Alejandrina; Inocente Camones, Miguel Angel
Nutritional support is extremely essential in the patient's treatment and recovery from diseases. The present secondary research entitled as a critical review: Effect of nutritional support for the improvement of nutritional quality in adults and older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -COPD, aimed to review the scientific literature on the clinical effect of nutritional support for the improvement of the nutritional quality of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The clinical question was: Will nutritional support (diet low in simple carbohydrates and high in fat) have an effect on improving nutritional quality in adults and older adults with disease? obstructive pulmonary? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in PUBMED, SCIELO, SCOPUS, SCIENCE DIRECT, finding 30 articles, being selected 9 that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally selecting the Randomized Clinical Trial entitled dietary intervention (diets low in simple carbohydrates and rich in fat) in adults and older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -COPD, which has a level of evidence A I and Strong Grade of Recommendation, according to the expertise of the researcher. The critical commentary allowed us to conclude that a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet improves ventilation and immunological indices in patients with COPD.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of kinesitherapy for reducing dyspnea and improving quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-08-26) Baldeon Usuriaga, Sheyla Liana; Campos Meza, Rocio Gaby; Pretell Aguilar, Rosa María
Objective: To analyze and systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of kinesitherapy for reducing dyspnea and improving quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Materials and Methods: This research study was designed around systematic reviews. The search was limited to full-text articles, and the selected articles underwent critical reading. These were obtained from the Cochrane Plus, PubMed, LILACS, Scielo, Epistemonikos, Elsevier, and EBSCO databases, using the GRADE assessment to identify their level of evidence. Within the 10 pieces of evidence, the type of research was as follows: 40% (4/10) systematic review, 20% (2/10) quasi-experimental, 20% (2/10) experimental, 10% (1/10) meta-analysis, and 10% (1/10) controlled clinical trial. Results: In conclusion, 90% of the studies related to kinesitherapy are effective in treating patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as it promotes a better quality of life, alleviates dyspnea, increases exercise tolerance, and reduces fatigue associated with health in COPD patients. On the other hand, 10% suggest that it has no relevance for treatment. Conclusions: It was concluded that kinesitherapy is effective for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of the use of high-flow nasal cannula in improving the clinical picture in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-08-22) Rodríguez Villanueva, José Luis; Arevalo Marcos, Rodolfo Amado
Systematize and analyze the evidence on the effectiveness of the use of high-flow nasal cannula in improving the clinical picture in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Material and Method: It was developed through the systematic review of scientific articles based on the PICO methodology. These articles maintained as their main theme: effectiveness of the use of high-flow nasal cannula in improving the clinical picture in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). The primary sources were searched in the different databases and scientific portals -PubMed, Scielo and Google academic-; which were subsequently analyzed according to the Grade scale to determine their strength and quality of evidence. Results: Of the 10 articles reviewed, 10% (n=1/10) are meta-analyses, 10% (n=1/10) are systematic reviews, 10% (n=1/10) are multicenter randomized controlled trials , 20% (n=2/10) are Controlled Trials, 50% (n=5/10) are controlled and randomized trials. Conclusions: In 9 of the 10 articles (90%) it is evident that the use of high-flow nasal cannula is efficient in improving the clinical picture of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Acceso abierto
Effects on health from exposure to surgical smoke of operating room personnel
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-02-17) Castillo Baca, Fanny Mary; Aponte Jara, Yesenia Iris; Gamarra Bustillos, Carlos
Surgical smoke contains substances that are harmful to healthcare personnel, as 80% consists of water vapor and 20% includes substances such as formaldehyde (irritant and potential carcinogen), acetaldehyde (carcinogen), benzene (carcinogen), and toluene (respiratory and eye irritant as well as neurotoxic when inhaled). Additionally, hydrogen cyanide (3-51 parts per million), acetylene (2-8 parts per million), and 1,3-butadiene (0.15-0.69 parts per million) were identified in the plume. These chemical compounds can trigger harmful effects on the human body, including cancer and respiratory symptoms such as pharyngeal burning, nasal congestion, nausea, and headaches. Therefore, exposure to and inhalation of this smoke affects the health of operating room personnel, depending on the duration of exposure and the type of surgery performed, leading to long-term consequences.
Acceso abierto
Fuerza muscular periférica y fuerza muscular inspiratoria en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en un hospital de Cusco 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-08) Puma Rodríguez, Carmen Rosa; Chero Pisfil, Santos Lucio
La enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) es una de las afecciones respiratorias crónicas con mayor prevalencia de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial, es así que la organización mundial de la salud (OMS) reportó que durante el 2019 se registraron más de 3,2 millones de decesos por esta causa en el mundo, siendo al día de hoy la tercera causa de mortalidad en la adultez mayor, reportándose en más del 90% de los mayores de 70 años, además el impacto de esta enfermedad sobre las personas que la desarrollan la posicionan en el séptimo lugar entre las causas de deterioro de la salud y mala calidad de vida a nivel global. Además de tener varias complicaciones respiratorias la EPOC también altera la función y estructura del aparato musculoesquelético, la evidencia en los cambios a nivel microscópico de los músculos muestra que el diafragma se atrofia un 25% además los cambios en la musculatura periférica y los síntomas propios de la enfermedad, limitan la tolerancia a las actividades físicas, causando empeoramiento de su salud y calidad de vida.
Acceso abierto
Fuerza muscular respiratoria y calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares crónicas de un hospital de Ica, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-20) Melgar Quispe, Adanita Noemi; Rosas Sudario, Milagros Nohely
Enfermedades pulmonares crónicas que representa el 5.1% de muertes en el mundo y que los casos más elevados en porcentaje se dieron por infecciones pulmonares, como neumonía, cáncer de pulmón, debilidad de músculos. Cabe resaltar que dentro de los factores causantes de dicha patología fueron ambientales y exceso del tabaco o sustancias toxicas inhaladas en el ambiente.
Acceso abierto
Funcionability and Quality of life in patients with COPD in a hospital in Lima-2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-09-20) Zavaleta Veliz, Dina Consuelo; Diaz Mau, Aimee Yajaira
Currently, COPD is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and this is partly due to the difficulty in diagnosing the disease in the acute stage. The application of specific evaluations and the implementation of a physiotherapy program will help address the condition comprehensively and appropriately.
Acceso abierto
Oximetria de pulso y su relación con el pico flujo espiratorio en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en un hospital de, Arequipa – 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-06-20) Huaricallo Huanca Estefanía Esther; Rosas Sudario, Milagros Nohely
Los problemas de enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, frecuentemente se asocian disminuyendo su capacidad vital y fuerza muscular interna, vías respiratorias pequeñas, destrucción del parénquima pulmonar, alteración en el intercambio gaseoso al nivel de oxihemoglobina al reposo y al realizar alguna actividad. Todo esto ocasiona una alteración de la capacidad pulmonar, por otro lado, La oximetría de pulso es la medida del porcentaje de la cantidad de oxígeno en la sangre, su función es medir el nivel de la oxigenación en la sangre, para prevenir las complicaciones. El pico flujo espiratorio es la medida del estado de la vía de gran calibre mediante una expiración máxima, su función es aumentar la capacidad pulmonar.
Acceso abierto
Periodontal Disease and Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease in patients of the Ramiro Prialé National Hospital Prialé, Huancayo, 2018 - 2019
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-05-07) Guevara Callupe, Katherin; Cautín Martinez, Noemi Esther
Periodontal Disease and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are chronic and progressive conditions characterized by neutrophilic inflammation followed by proteolytic destruction of connective tissue. Risk factors they share include smoking, age, gender, obesity, and socioeconomic status. The relationship between both has been studied in several countries, which suggest that periodontal pockets in patients with periodontal disease are an inflammatory reservoir containing cytokines, bacteria, neutrophils, and other biological mediators. These microaspirate into the lower airways, leading to bronchial colonization and inflammation. These pro-inflammatory mediators serve as an additional inflammatory stimulus, inducing a more active response in the lungs, which facilitates local tissue destruction. Moreover, infected and inflamed bronchial secretions increase the inflammatory burden on the periodontium after expectoration. Patients with periodontal disease and COPD treated by a dentist showed reduced periodontal microbiota, which favored their lung function. It is also considered that the progression of COPD is associated with inefficient oral hygiene.
Acceso abierto
Revisión crítica: efecto de la suplementación con vitaminas para la mejora de la calidad de vida en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-05-07) Ramírez Quintana, Cynthia Esmeralda; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
La revisión crítica se enfoca en la Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) y las causas de peligro más significativos , especialmente la interacción entre la factores ambientales y predisposición genética, como el consumo de tabaco y la exposición a la contaminación. Además, resalta el impacto de estos factores en la salud pública y su rol en el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles – analizando los procesos inflamatorios y oxidativos involucrados en la EPOC – y la importancia del manejo nutricional – especialmente la suplementación con vitaminas antioxidantes – para mejorar la función pulmonar y reducir la morbimortalidad asociada a la enfermedad. En conclusión, el estudio propuesto tiene como objetivo evaluar de manera crítica la evidencia clínica disponible sobre la eficacia de la suplementación con antioxidantes en pacientes con EPOC, utilizando una metodología rigurosa para revisar la literatura científica relevante.