Examinando por Materia "Risk factors"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 55

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2015) Romero Cuica, Haydeé Concepción; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this study was to determine if there is a relationship between the frequency of Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) and the risk factors in neonates recorded at the "Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz" Hospital between 2005 and 2013, in the Puente Piedra district, Lima - Peru. Materials and Methods: The study was observational, descriptive, and retrospective. The research was conducted at the "Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz" Hospital and involved reviewing 41 medical records of neonates and their respective mothers registered between 2005 and 2013. The population consisted of all medical records of neonates with Cleft Lip and Palate and their respective mothers at the "Carlos Lanfranco La Hoz" Hospital from 2005 to 2013. The sample was obtained based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, with evaluations of the medical records of the neonates diagnosed with CLP (41 records) and their mothers, based on data from the Hospital's Statistics Unit during 2005-2013. Results: The frequency of Cleft Lip and Palate was highest in Grade III with 65.85%, followed by Grade II with 24.39%, and Grade I with 9.75%. The male sex was more affected, comprising 70.73%, while 29.27% were female. No statistically significant association was found between CLP and the sex of the newborn. For variables such as family history, age of the parents, diseases during the first trimester of pregnancy, and the consumption of drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes as risk factors for CLP, no significant statistical associations were found. Newborns with CLP were more frequently born to first-time mothers, but no statistically significant association was found. The nutritional status of the mothers was mostly inadequate at 80.49%, but no statistically significant association was found between CLP and maternal nutritional status.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2012) Mauricio Yanavilca, Daniela Shirley; Orderique Torres, Luis Fernando
Objective: To determine the risk factors for intrauterine fetal death at the María Auxiliadora Support Hospital from 2005 to 2010. Materials and Methods: Epidemiological, analytical, case-control study. Results: The fetal death rate per 1,000 live births during the study period was 20.7. Preconceptional variables significantly associated with statistically significant odds ratios (OR) included adolescents (6.8), elderly women (4.6), nulliparity (11.8), marital status (4.7), and illiteracy (8.76). Conceptional variables with significant ORs included lack of prenatal care (17.1), anemia (7.21), placenta previa (6.91), multiple pregnancy (6.75), heart disease (6.03), eclampsia (5.37), premature rupture of membranes (5.14), cephalopelvic disproportion (4.53), premature placental abruption (4.70), urinary tract infection (4.24), preeclampsia (4.13), prolonged labor (4.04), intrauterine growth restriction (3.36), and diabetes (2.69). Intrapartum variables with significant results included breech presentation (3.49) and prolonged labor (6.65). Conclusions: There are important preconceptional, conceptional, and intrapartum risk factors for fetal death. Reducing these factors could significantly decrease fetal mortality.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2012) Cecilio Pachas, Sheila Cilene; Quiroz Gallo, Karen Lisset; Arispe Alburqueque, Claudia Milagros
Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS, risk factors, and preventive measures among adolescent students from two educational institutions in Lima in 2012. Materials and Methods: Observational, analytical, and comparative study. Two groups were included: Group A, with 115 students from the San José Private Educational Institution; and Group B, with 115 students from the Antenor Orrego Espinoza National Educational Institution. Inferential analysis utilized the Student's t-test for independent samples and the chi-square test for independence. Results: The level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS was moderate in both institutions, with 68.7% in the national school and 61.7% in the private school. Knowledge about risk factors was high in the national school (35.7%) and moderate in the private school (35.7%). Regarding knowledge about HIV prevention, it was moderate in the national school (53.9%) and high in the private school (60%). The overall evaluation of knowledge level, risk factors, and preventive measures regarding HIV/AIDS was moderate, with 81.7% in the national school and 71.3% in the private school. These variables showed no significant relationship (p = 0.118). Conclusions: The level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS and its risk factors is higher in the national school compared to the private school, except for the level of prevention knowledge, which is higher in the private school.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-11) Ayala Achulla, Joselyn; Rodriguez Chávez, Carlos Leonidas
Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with cervical cancer in patients attending the Gynecology-Oncology outpatient clinic at María Auxiliadora Hospital from January to December 2016. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive, retrospective, observational, and cross-sectional study. A total of 175 medical records of patients diagnosed with cervical cancer were used. Results: Regarding the onset of sexual activity, 58% of the population began sexual relations between the ages of 15 and 19 years, and 58% had 2 to 3 sexual partners. In terms of parity, 46% were multiparous. Concerning contraceptive methods, 40% opted for oral contraceptives. The predominant age range was 20 to 65 years, accounting for 87%. Regarding education level, 44% of the patients had a secondary education. Conclusions: The predominant risk factors for cervical cancer were early initiation of sexual activity, the number of sexual partners, and secondary education level. The prevalence rate was 25 cases per 1000 patients attending the Gynecology-Oncology outpatient clinic at María Auxiliadora Hospital.
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Association between cardiovascular risk and erythrocyte distribution width in occupational patients of the Laura Caller Iberico-2023 Polyclinic
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-07-20) Huamani Paliza, Carolina Mirtha; Saldaña Orejón, Italo Moisés
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a public health problem in Peru, with prevention being the primary strategy. Therefore, evaluating cardiovascular risk (CVR) in asymptomatic individuals who present risk factors is the main strategy. However, there is a need to identify new biomarkers that facilitate identification. RDW is known for its association with cardiovascular diseases, and research suggests a prognostic value for RDW. The objective was to investigate whether there is an association between cardiovascular risk and red cell distribution width (RDW) in occupational patients from the “Laura Calle Ibérico” polyclinic. Methods: The sample consisted of 201 occupational patients from the Laura Calle Ibérico polyclinic. The HEARTS application from PAHO was used to calculate CVR, and RDW, cholesterol, glucose, and other demographic data were collected on a data collection form. Results: No significant association was found between RDW and CVR (P=0.345), or between RDW, CVR, and cholesterol (P=0.97). However, an association was found between RDW, CVR, and age (P=0.000), RDW, CVR, and blood pressure (P=0.04), diabetes (P=0.00), and smoking habits (P=0.01). Furthermore, 23% of patients are at risk of developing cardiovascular issues within 10 years if corrective measures are not taken.
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Comparative study of risk factors, prevalence and types of family violence in adolescents, among an I.E. from the Lima region and an I.E. of the Apurímac region, 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-09-17) Huamaní Cortez, Roxana Rosario; Olivos Aranda, Norma Ninoska; Alcántara Chávez, Ana Consuelo
The objective was to compare the risk factors, prevalence, and types of family violence in adolescents between a school in the Lima region and another in the Apurímac region in 2017. It was a descriptive, comparative, cross-sectional study using a survey as the instrument. The sample included 222 adolescents from Lima and 219 from Apurímac. Data were processed using the SPSS statistical program. The results showed that 74.4% in Apurímac and 66.7% in Lima were victims of family violence. Physical and sexual violence were higher in Lima (57.7% and 19.5%, respectively), while psychological violence was higher in Apurímac (58%). The main risk factors in Lima were male sex (36.9%), being in the fourth year of secondary school (29.3%), belonging to a nuclear family (36.9%), having two siblings (25.8%), being the first child (27.9%), and communication with parents (32.4%). In contrast, in Apurímac, the main risk factors were female sex (39.7%), being 15 years old (27.9%), experiencing violence in childhood (31.2%), having married parents (43.4%), and having a fair relationship with the family (40.6%). It was concluded that physical and psychological violence among adolescents were more prevalent than sexual violence. In both institutions, the shared risk factors were being 16 years old, female sex in Apurímac and male in Lima, attending the fourth year of secondary school, belonging to a nuclear family, being the first child, experiencing violence during childhood, and having a fair family relationship.
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Early detection of fall risk in older adult patients with gonalgia at the Domenack pain therapy center, period 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-10) Chachapoyas López, Daniella; Arrieta Córdova, Andy Freud
Objective: To determine the fall risk level in elderly patients with gonalgia at the Domenack pain therapy center, 2023. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 83 patients selected according to the criteria. A non-experimental design with a quantitative approach was used in this applied research. Results: The age distribution was as follows: 28.92% were aged 63-65, 25.30% were aged 66-68, 24.10% were aged 69-70, and 21.69% were aged 60-62. The sample was slightly male-dominated (54.22%), with 45.78% female participants. The fall risk levels were as follows: 34.94% had good walking levels, 33.73% had moderate, and 31.33% had poor walking levels. Men had a higher percentage of low risk (67.9%), while women showed a higher percentage of high-risk falls (55.2%). Conclusions: The majority of the sample had overweight, high fall risk, and moderate balance levels. The 69-70 age group was the most at risk of falls.
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Ergonomic risk and cervical disability in teleworkers at Therasport physiotherapy center during the pandemic, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-10-25) Díaz Chávez, Shirley Elizabeth; Arrieta Córdova, Andy Freud
Objective: To determine the level of relationship between ergonomic risk and cervical disability in teleworkers at the Therasport physiotherapy center during the pandemic, 2022. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 80 teleoperators. The research is basic with a non-experimental correlational design, using the REBA method for ergonomic risk and the cervical disability index. Results: The highest participation percentage was 46.25% of patients aged 50–59 years. Female participation was higher, at 52.50%, compared to males at 47.50%. The highest comorbidity percentage was 25% for diabetes, 23.8% for arthritis, 21.3% for COPD-emphysema, 12.5% for bronchial asthma, 10% for cancer, 5% for thyroid disorders, and 2.5% for cardiovascular issues. Conclusions: There is a relationship between ergonomic risk and cervical disability in teleworkers at the Therasport physiotherapy center during the pandemic.
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Ergonomic risk and mechanical low back pain in workers of the Carabayllo sun brick factory in the district of Carabayllo in the year 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-05-18) Rojas Villacorta, Ariana; Rodriguez Garcia, Rosa Vicenta
The objective of this research is to determine the association between ergonomic risk and mechanical low back pain in workers at the Sol de Carabayllo brickworks in the Carabayllo district. The population consisted of 100 workers, 80 of whom met the criteria to form the sample. The RULA METHOD was used to assess ergonomic risk, and the VAS scale was used to evaluate low back pain intensity. Among the results, 41% of workers presented high ergonomic risk, and 66% experienced moderate intensity mechanical low back pain. Conclusion: This research demonstrated an association between ergonomic risk and mechanical low back pain in workers at the Sol de Carabayllo brickworks.
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Ergonomic risk factors and low back pain in the administrative staff of the Municipality of Ancon, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-27) Bravo Leyva, Gianella Fabiola; Arrieta Córdova, Andy Freud
Low back pain is one of the most common ailments worldwide, and studies indicate that most people have experienced it at least once in their lifetime. This issue is often overlooked, potentially causing long-term damage. Furthermore, people are often unaware of ergonomics. In the workplace, several factors need to be considered when performing tasks; failure to do so may lead to ergonomic risk factors, which are workplace conditions that identify physical and psychological injuries resulting from job demands, increasing the likelihood of damage. Studies indicate that 97% of low back pain cases affect administrative staff, who spend long hours seated, putting additional strain on the spine. They may also suffer musculoskeletal injuries in other areas of the body, which in some cases can lead to work incapacity.
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Ergonomic risk factors and quality of life in nursing staff from Saint Joseph Hospital of Callao, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-06-14) Horigome Rodriguez, Cynthia Araseli; Vera Arriola, Juan Américo
Ergonomics applied to the workplace considers not only biomechanical load but also environmental conditions that interfere with the proper performance of activities, thus being present in any working condition. Health professionals are exposed to various ergonomic risk factors for occupational health, partly due to direct contact with patients, but also because of the particularities of the job. Among the most common physical risk factors are postural alterations, repetitive movements, prolonged postures, and improper handling of tools or implements used in the workplace. Exposure to these risk factors can lead to musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, ergonomic risk factors—the likelihood of suffering damage or injury due to conditions directly associated with the workplace—are not foreign to this group and tend to be high. Preventive measures should aim to reduce ergonomic risk to safeguard the worker's physical health as well as other affected areas.
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Ergonomic risk level and musculoskeletal disorders in teachers at the i.e.p “Pedro Enrique Gonzales Soto”, Ate 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-06-16) Centeno Soto, Beatriz Vilma; Arrieta Córdova, Andy Freud
Ergonomic risks lead to musculoskeletal disorders, especially from forced postures, repetitive movements, continuous force application, and manual load handling at the workplace. This study focuses on musculoskeletal disorders as the most frequent occupational health threat, as they often go unnoticed until the pain becomes chronic.
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Ergonomic Risks and Musculoskeletal Disorders in Workers of CAR MIXTO San Miguel, Lima 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-11-22) Mallma Castro, Brando; Bejarano Ambrosio, Miriam Juvit
The research aimed to determine the relationship between ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders. It was a non-experimental, applied, quantitative study with a hypothetical-deductive method, using validated questionnaires administered to a sample of 84 workers at the CAR Mixto San Miguel. Results from the Chi-square test showed a significance of 0.187, indicating that there is no significant relationship between ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders. However, medium ergonomic risk predominated among workers, most of whom were aged 26 to 40 years, female, and single. Regarding pain location, two zones were found to be significant: low back pain (p=0.001) and foot pain (p=0.047). The most common pain intensity was moderate (47.6%). Regarding work incapacity, only 19% required a job change due to the pain.
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Ergonomic risks and their association with musculoskeletal disorders in the health staff of a hospital in Lima - 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-05-02) Ropa Manrique, Jose Manuel; Bejarano Ambrosio, Miriam Juvit
The relationship between ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders is highly relevant in the workplace. Ergonomic factors can significantly affect workers' health, especially concerning musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). Several studies have shown that exposure to ergonomic hazards increases the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries, highlighting the importance of identifying, analyzing, preventing, and controlling these hazards in the workplace. The primary aim of this study was to analyze the association between ergonomic risk and musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare personnel at the Guillermo Almenara I National Hospital. The findings led to recommendations to raise awareness among hospital workers about the importance of ergonomics in musculoskeletal disorders.
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Factors Associated with Blood Donation in Students of the Norbert Wiener University School of Medical Technology in Clinical Laboratory, Lima, 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-27) Cueva Vilchez, Lila Fany; Guillén Pacheco, Milagros Karin; Sandoval Vegas, Miguel Hernán
The objective was to determine the factors associated with blood donation among students of the School of Medical Technology in Clinical Laboratory at the Norbert Wiener University, Lima, 2017. Methodology: A prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, applied study was conducted. The sample consisted of 256 students, and data collection was done through a survey in September 2017, with informed consent. Results: Regarding sex, 51% of male students donated blood (p=0.006), showing statistical significance. Regarding the belief that blood donation causes anemia, 17.4% had donated blood, while 39.5% of those who did not believe blood donation causes anemia had donated (p=0.04). The belief that blood donation could lead to disease transmission showed no significant association (p=0.89). Conclusion: Among socio-cultural factors, students' belief that blood donation causes anemia or infectious diseases is associated with blood donation. Regarding socio-demographic factors, sex was not associated with blood donation.
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Family and social environment of the mother as a risk factor for the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-10-28) León Chuzón, Sharon Angelica Shantell; Benites Vidal, Elvira Soledad
Objective: To determine the scientific evidence regarding the family and social environment of the mother as a risk factor for the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding. Material and methods: The study methodology was a qualitative literature review, consisting of 30 articles published in different virtual databases: Scielo, Lilacs, Journal, and Google Scholar. The GRADE system was used. Results: 52% of the studies were descriptive cross-sectional, 15% cohort, 12% analytical cross-sectional and review, and 9% case-control. Regarding the family environment as a risk factor for breastfeeding abandonment, 27% reported lack of partner support, 40% lack of family support, and 33% family beliefs. Regarding the mother's social environment as a risk factor for breastfeeding abandonment, 22% reported returning to work, 19% lack of information, 11% age over 35, and 8% bottle use. Conclusion: There is scientific evidence showing that the family and social environment of the mother is a risk factor for the abandonment of exclusive breastfeeding.
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Fragility and risk of falls in older adults in physical therapy centers in the district of Surquillo, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-09-19) Casimiro Guerra, Giorgia; Rodriguez Garcia, Rosa Vicenta
Introduction: The interaction of the elderly with their environment can be affected by the different changes associated with aging, limiting their performance of basic and instrumental daily activities. Objective: To determine the relationship between frailty and fall risk in older adults in physical therapy centers in the district of Surquillo, 2023. Materials and Methods: 85 older adults who attended physical therapy centers in the district of Surquillo participated and were evaluated using the Downton Scale and Frail Scale. The method is hypothetical-deductive, with a quantitative approach and descriptive-correlational type. Results: The findings indicate that there is a direct and significant relationship between frailty and fall risk among older adults in the physical therapy centers of Surquillo, 2023. This finding was obtained using the Kendall Tau correlation test (as the variables are on an ordinal scale), with a p-value <0.05 and τ = 0.589. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a direct and significant relationship between fall risk and the frailty dimension of older adults in the physical therapy centers in Surquillo, 2023.
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Functional capacity and risk of falls in older adults at the La Ensenada health center, 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-23) Ratto Solier, Betsy Liseth; Rodriguez Garcia, Rosa Vicenta
Functional capacity refers to the ability to efficiently perform essential tasks of daily life. In older adults, it is defined by psychomotor, cognitive, and behavioral skills, which are basic and instrumental abilities. The risk of falls in older adults arises from the difficulty in maintaining a proper position, leading to falls and impacts on the ground against their will.
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Functional capacity associated with the risk of falls in older adults in a private rehabilitation center in Lima, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-09-18) Ruiz Obando, Andrea Katherine; Lovato Sánchez, Nita Giannina
The present research study aimed to determine the relationship between Functional Capacity and the risk of falls in elderly adults attending a rehabilitation center in Lima in 2023. It was a quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional research project, involving 80 individuals aged 65 to 79, selected through a census sampling method. Two instruments were used to measure the variables: the Barthel Index for Functional Capacity and the Tinetti Scale for fall risk.
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Functional perception and risk of falling in older adults with gonarthross of a national hospital, Abancay-2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-11-24) Castillo Escalante, Gladys; Puma Chombo, Jorge Eloy
Falls occur when contextual factors exceed genuine physical and functional abilities to manage balance. Therefore, the integration of various sensory, biomechanical, cognitive, psychological, and social processes is necessary to maintain bodily stability and spatial orientation. The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between functional perception and fall risk in elderly individuals with gonarthrosis. An applied, correlational, cross-sectional methodology will be employed, using the "WOMAC Questionnaire" for functional perception and the "Tinetti Scale" to assess fall risk in a population of 80 elderly adults with gonarthrosis.