Examinando por Materia "Sobrepeso"

Mostrando 1 - 20 de 46

Acceso abierto
Actividad física y sobrepeso en los adultos mayores de un asilo de Chiclayo, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-03-28) Villanueva Antinori, Liliana Carmen; Cautín Martínez, Noemi Esther
El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación de actividad física y sobrepeso en los adultos mayores. La metodología correspondió a un método hipotético deductivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básica y de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, de alcance descriptivo correlacional. La población en la investigación estará constituida por todos los 100 adultos mayores de un asilo de Chiclayo, 2024 y se tiene por muestra a 80 adultos mayores del asilo. La técnica a emplear en la presente investigación, será la encuesta. Para la variable actividad física se realizará mediante el cuestionario IPAQ-E y para la variable sobrepeso con la aplicación del IMC, obtenidos mediante la ficha de recolección de datos. Aplicado el instrumento cuestionario, con la finalidad de conseguir la información necesaria para el estudio, se confeccionará la base de datos en Microsoft Excel, procediendo a la evaluación de la confiabilidad de los instrumentos, a través, del coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach. Así también, se seleccionará el programa de análisis SPSS versión 25.0, que serán utilizados para el procesamiento de los resultados a través, de las tablas y gráficos.
Acceso abierto
Actividad fisica y su asociacion con el sobrepeso en colaboradores de british american hospital durante pandemia - Covid-19 en el año 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-09-28) Atencio Güere, Angela Beatriz; Vera Arriola, Juan Américo
La inactividad física se encuentra en cuarto lugar de factor de riesgo de mortalidad en porcentaje representa el 6%. Esto debido al incremento de sedentarismo en el tiempo de ocio, y en actividades laborales y del hogar. Según la organización mundial de la salud al menos un 60% de la población mundial no realiza la actividad física necesaria para obtener beneficios para la salud. Además el déficit de actividad física en la población adulta se acrecentó con el transcurrir del tiempo siendo uno de los factores causales del exceso de peso.
Acceso abierto
Ayuno y el estado nutricional en pacientes quirúrgicos en el postoperatorio en un hospital de Lima
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-11-05) Torres Tantavilca, Luisa Lita; Vargas Soto, Maritza Felicidad; López Ramírez, Sofia Marisol; Jaramillo Vidal, Henrry; García Contreras, Rocío del Pilar; Lozada-Urbano, Michelle
El sobrepeso y obesidad toma atención en estudios epidemiológicos y los resultados después de la cirugía. Se plantea como objetivo general determinar la relación entre el tiempo de ayuno y el estado nutricional en pacientes quirúrgicos. Estudio descriptivo y transversal, se realizó con 244 pacientes con cirugía abdominal y de pared (128 mujeres y 116 varones), con edades entre 15 – 65 años, seleccionados de manera no probabilística por conveniencia. Se revisó la historia clínica para medir el tiempo de ayuno en postoperatorio y al alta y, la evolución metabólica nutricional. Los resultados muestran a un 70,5% de pacientes con un ayuno < 24h, (14,8%; ayuno 24 a 36h); (14,7%; ayuno >36h) pacientes con sobrepeso (40,6%), obesos (15,2%), la estancia hospitalaria fue de 6,28 días como promedio. Se concluye que el ayuno se correlaciona con el IMC durante el posoperatorio y con el IMC durante el alta (p=0,000). Las variables sexo y ocupación también se asociaron al diagnóstico nutricional. Se requiere mayor atención al paciente con sobrepeso y obesidad en el perioperatorio.
Acceso abierto
Calidad del sueño y su relación con el índice de masa corporal en docentes de dos instituciones educativas en Ica, 2024
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2025-02-28) Tumay Salazar, Augusto Reynaldo; Diaz Del Olmo Morey, Carlos Enrique
Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la calidad del sueño y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) en docentes de dos instituciones educativas en Ica durante el año 2024. Materiales y métodos: se empleó un diseño de investigación no experimental, de tipo correlacional y de corte transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo. La población estuvo conformada por 105 docentes, de los cuales 91 participaron. Para la recolección de datos, se utilizó el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (ICSP) y mediciones antropométricas para calcular el IMC. Resultados: se evidenció una relación débil, directa y significativa entre la calidad del sueño y el IMC (ρ = 0.207, p = 0.049), indicando que los docentes con una peor calidad de sueño presentan mayor riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad. De manera específica, se encontró una correlación significativa entre la duración del sueño y el IMC (ρ = 0.304, p = 0.003), lo que sugiere que una menor cantidad de horas de descanso puede estar asociada con un mayor peso corporal. No se hallaron relaciones significativas entre el IMC y otras dimensiones del sueño, como la latencia, eficiencia, calidad subjetiva o disfunción diurna. Conclusión: una inadecuada calidad del sueño podría influir en el aumento del IMC, principalmente a través de la restricción del tiempo de descanso.
Acceso abierto
Critic review: nutritional intervention through energy restriction regimens according to schedule patterns, in adults with excess weight.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-21) Noreña Chumbislla, Ivone; León Cáceres, Johanna del Carmen
Dietary intervention is essential to treat excess weight. The present research is based on a critical review according to the bibliography found in the scientific database, with the objective of identifying those articles that answer the clinical question: Nutritional intervention through energy restriction regimes according to time, in adults with excess weight. The NuBE (Evidence-Based Nutrition) methodology was used. Through the information search, 44 articles were found in PUBMED, Cochrane, MEDLINE, DIMENSIÓN, finally 11 articles were selected and the information was evaluated with the CASPE critical reading tool, finding articles with levels of strong evidence, statements that report that the Dietary therapy of continuous and intermittent restriction in people with excess weight achieve variations convenient for health. The selected article was “Effects of Intermittent and Continuous calorie restriction on body weight and metabolism over 50 Wk.: A randomized controlled trial”. The critical commentary generated concludes that both dietary therapies report results in weight reduction and variation in appropriate metabolic profiles in their implementation, therefore both interventions are positive in excess weight.
Acceso abierto
Critical review: protective effect of overweight and obesity in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-03-09) Lipe Camero, Carolina Rocio; Dávila Córdova, Jennifer Estefania
Overweight and obesity are factors that epidemiologically generate health problems; however, in the population of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis, it has been seen that both overweight and obesity can have a protective effect. However, it is still necessary to carry out more research that uses other indicators in addition to BMI, due to the great limitations that are known. The present secondary research titled as a critical review: protective effect of overweight and obesity in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis, aimed to determine the effect of overweight and obesity in patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis. Taking as a clinical question: What is the protective effect of overweight and obesity in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in the following search engines: Ciencia Science, Cochrane, Dialnet, Pubmed, Scielo, finding 694 articles, 49 being selected that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally selecting the observational, randomized study titled how “Risk of hospitalization associated with body mass index and weight changes among prevalent haemodialysis patients”, which has a level of evidence AI and a strong Grade of Recommendation, according to the expertise of the researcher. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that overweight and obesity evaluated with BMI have a protective effect for patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
Acceso abierto
Determinación de magnesio y su relación con el sobrepeso y obesidad en mujeres adultas del AA.HH “Jaime Yoshiyama” del distrito de Ventanilla durante el periodo de septiembre – diciembre 2019
(Universidad Norbert Wiener, 2023-06-13) Duran Llocce, Lilia Jaquelin; Mendoza Gutiérrez, Lisbeth Diana; Parreño Tipian, Juan Manuel
La finalidad del trabajo es determinar la relación entre los valores de Magnesio sérico con el sobrepeso y obesidad en mujeres adultas del AA.HH “Jaime Yoshiyama” en el distrito de Ventanilla durante el periodo de septiembre – diciembre 2019. Se hizo un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal y correlacional. Se tomó la muestra de sangre a 181 mujeres adultas para determinar la concentración de Magnesio. El análisis se desarrolló a través de la estadística descriptiva y la prueba de hipótesis, para lo cual se utilizó la prueba chi cuadrado. Se encontró el 39,8% de la muestra de estudio que presentan un índice de masa corporal normal, el 28,7% obeso y el 31,5% sobrepeso. Asimismo, el 10,5% de la muestra de estudio presentan niveles de magnesio bajo, el 55,2% normal y el 34,3% alto. Por consiguiente se concluye que la relación entre los valores de Magnesio sérico con el sobrepeso y obesidad en mujeres adultas del AA.HH “Jaime Yoshiyama” en el distrito de Ventanilla durante el periodo de septiembre – diciembre 2019 fue significativa con un valor p < 0,05
Acceso abierto
Dolor musculoesquelético y obesidad en adultos mayores que acuden al hospital nacional Sergio E. Bernales, 2023
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-04-15) Yaulimango Espíritu, Catherine Ercilia; Torres Lévano, Gian Carlos
El dolor musculoesquelético probablemente sea el motivo de consulta hospitalaria en los adultos mayores y causante de ausentismo laboral, y la obesidad aumenta el riesgo a múltiples enfermedades. En tal sentido el objetivo de estudio será determinar la relación entre dolor musculoesquelético y obesidad en pacientes adultos mayores en un hospital nacional. Se empleará el método hipotético – deductivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo aplicada no experimental. Se utilizó la técnica de encuesta con el cuestionario Nórdico Estandarizado Kuorinka para evaluar la variable dolor musculoesquelético y el IMC para evaluar la obesidad. Se aplicará a una población de 120 pacientes adultos mayores.
Acceso abierto
EFECTO DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN GESTANTES CON SOBREPESO y OBESIDAD
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-01) Chavez Arbaiza, Rosa Manuela; Bravo Cusi, Sergio
El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de la actividad física en gestantes con sobrepeso y obesidad. El riesgo de selección en los estudios individuales fue realizado mediante la escala de Pedro y un instrumento de validez PRISMA. Se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos de Pubmed, EBSCOhost, SciELO Y PEDROdatabase. Se utilizó 07 estudios clínicos controlados, que utilizaron el ejercicio físico o la actividad física en gestantes con sobrepeso u obesidad, para medir su efectividad en esta población. La actividad física, el ejercicio físico y los estilos de vida saludable son efectivos en la reducción del peso, disminución del riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus, favorecen la regulación de presión arterial, favorece al trabajo de parto y regulan el peso gestacional, y aumentan las probabilidades de nacer con peso promedio normal. Sin embargo, la poca calidad de los estudios revisados no puntúa homogeneidad en los resultados. Se sugiere más estudios y con mayor calidad referentes al tema.
Acceso abierto
EFECTO DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA EN GESTANTES CON SOBREPESO y OBESIDAD
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-12-01) Bermudez Tito, Rubit Liz; Benites Azabache, Juan Carlos
El objetivo fue determinar el efecto de la actividad física en gestantes con sobrepeso y obesidad. El riesgo de selección en los estudios individuales fue realizado mediante la escala de Pedro y un instrumento de validez PRISMA. Se realizó la búsqueda en las bases de datos de Pubmed, EBSCOhost, SciELO Y PEDROdatabase. Se utilizó 07 estudios clínicos controlados, que utilizaron el ejercicio físico o la actividad física en gestantes con sobrepeso u obesidad, para medir su efectividad en esta población. La actividad física, el ejercicio físico y los estilos de vida saludable son efectivos en la reducción del peso, disminución del riesgo de desarrollar diabetes mellitus, favorecen la regulación de presión arterial, favorece al trabajo de parto y regulan el peso gestacional, y aumentan las probabilidades de nacer con peso promedio normal. Sin embargo, la poca calidad de los estudios revisados no puntúa homogeneidad en los resultados. Se sugiere más estudios y con mayor calidad referentes al tema.
Acceso abierto
Effect of glycemic index and high-protein diet on weight maintenance in overweight or obese patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-05-04) Alcantara Rodriguez de Chumpitazi, Maria Irene; León Cáceres, Johanna del Carmen
Overweight and obesity have an impact on public health. Various nutritional interventions have been implemented to reduce and maintain weight loss. This secondary research, titled "Critical Review: Effect of Glycemic Index and High-Protein Diet on Weight Maintenance in Overweight or Obese Patients," aimed to demonstrate the effectiveness of glycemic index and high-protein diet in maintaining weight loss in overweight or obese patients. The clinical question was: Is the glycemic index and protein intake effective for maintaining weight loss in adult patients who have experienced overweight or obesity? The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. Information was searched in PUBMED, SCIELO, COCHRANE, and REDALYC, yielding 61 articles, of which 10 were selected and evaluated using the CASPE critical reading tool. The final selection was the randomized clinical trial titled "Maintenance of weight loss in overweight subjects with an ad libitum diet considering low or high-protein diets and glycemic index: results from the DIOGENES trial at 12 months," which has an AI level of evidence and a strong recommendation grade, according to the researcher’s experience. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that a high-protein content in an ad libitum diet is effective in maintaining weight loss.
Acceso abierto
Effect of the ketogenic diet in the treatment of glucose in obese diabetic patients
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2024-06-20) Trigozo Parra, Mendel Gary; León Cáceres, Johanna del Carmen
Several authors claim that the periodic ketogenic diet can control some anthropometric values such as weight, waist circumference among others, but also glucose and blood lipids in patients with type II Diabetes mellitus with overweight or obesity. But long-term persistence is difficult. It can be a therapeutic diet model. Some newly diagnosed overweight or obese people with type 2 diabetes may benefit from weight loss, and some patients can achieve good glucose control in the blood in a short term without medication.
Acceso abierto
Effect of the ketogenic diet on body composition of overweight and obese adults.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-12-02) Santi Meléndez, José de Jesús; Bohórquez Medina, Andrea Lisbet
Obesity remains a serious public health problem relevant worldwide even though the related countermeasures are well understood (i.e., mainly physical activity and an adjusted diet). Among different nutritional approaches, there is growing interest in ketogenic diets to improve body mass index and improve fat mass loss. In the present secondary research entitled Critical review: effect of the ketogenic diet on the body composition of adults with overweight and obesity, the objective was to determine the effect of the ketogenic diet on body composition in adults with overweight and obesity. Being the clinical question: Does the ketogenic diet improve body composition (expressed in fat mass, abdominal perimeter, body mass index, body weight) in adult patients with overweight and obesity?, the methodology used was Evidence-Based Nutrition. (NuBE) and the databases that were used to search for the information were PUBMED, HINARI, LILACS, SCIELO, DIALNET, SCOPUS, EMBASE. generating 79 investigations of which 17 articles were selected and evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, so in the end the systematic review with meta-analysis titled: “The effect of the ketogenic diet on body composition and anthropometric measurements: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials”; having a level of evidence: BII and Grade of Recommendation: Strong. It is concluded through critical commentary that the ketogenic diet has a better result in reducing body mass index, waist circumference, fat mass, visceral adipose tissue and body fat percentage compared to a low-fat diet.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of an educational program for the prevention of overweight in children and adolescents.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-01-27) Montenegro Ocampo, Lila Maribel; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Materials and Methods: A systematic review of 10 articles on the efficacy of an educational program for preventing overweight in children and adolescents was conducted. These articles were sourced from the following databases: Cochrane, Lilacs, SciELO, Medline, and PubMed. All articles were analyzed using the GRADE scale to determine the strength and quality of the evidence. Results: From the final selection of 10 articles, 50% (5) were from Mexico, 10% (1) from Ecuador, 10% from Argentina, 10% from Chile, 10% from Brazil, and 10% from the United States. Regarding research methodology, most studies were experimental, accounting for 50%, primarily in Mexico, Brazil, and the United States. Of the articles analyzed, 80% confirmed that educational interventions promoting healthy eating contribute to preventing overweight in children and adolescents. Conclusions: Eight out of the 10 systematically analyzed articles demonstrate the efficacy of the educational program in preventing overweight in children and adolescents."
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of combined interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-07) Céspedes Rodriguez, Rossina Elena; Sifuentes Mendoza, Marilin Joana; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of combined interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Material and methods: the design used was a systematic review. The population was made up of 28 articles from scientific databases. Selection criteria were established, leaving the final sample of 10 articles. Results: 20% come from the United States, 20% from Spain, 20% from Holland, 10% from Italy, 10% from Greece, 10% from Korea and 10% from the United Kingdom. According to study design, 40% are systematic reviews, 10% are quasi-experimental designs, 10% are systematic reviews and meta-analysis, 20% are randomized clinical trials, 10% are cohort-type design and 10% are descriptive cross-sectional. According to the evidence, 100% show effectiveness of combined interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Conclusions: there is evidence of the effectiveness of combined interventions to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of educational intervention in the control of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) México Can, Alicia Nery Milagros; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Methodology: It is a Systematic Review of 10 articles, finding that 30% (3) correspond to Spain, 20% (2) correspond to Peru, 20% (2) correspond to Mexico, 20% (2) correspond to Chile and 10 % (1) corresponds to Colombia. Most of the studies have been quasi-experimental studies, being Peru, Chile and Mexico with 50% respectively, systematic review being Colombia and Spain with 20% respectively, clinical trial Spain with 20% and community trial Peru with 10%. Results: The percentage of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren is observed to have decreased in 80% of the 10 reviews studied with a tendency to improve if it increases in the 2 reviews with physical activities. The 80% reviewed were mixed activities, nutritional educational activities and physical activity, the remaining 20% were only nutritional educational activities. Conclusions: There is sufficient evidence to improve overweight and obesity in schoolchildren. With the mixed activities, I improved by 80% of the 10 reviews found related to the title of the research with educational talks regarding food, nutrition, healthy eating and physical activity. Only 20% were maintained and in some cases improved in BMI.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of physical activity more healthy diet in weight dwinding in adults with overweight and/or obesity
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2019-12-01) Escobedo Romero, Erika Pamela; Requejo Carpio, Johovana Meche; Bonilla Asalde, César Antonio
Objective: To systematize evidence on the effectiveness of physical activity combined with a healthy diet for weight reduction in adults with overweight and/or obesity, and to establish recommendations for preventing overweight in adults. Materials and methods: The 10 articles reviewed on the effectiveness of physical activity combined with a healthy diet for weight reduction in adults with overweight and/or obesity were sourced from: Scielo (10%), PubMed (20%), and Cochrane (70%). All studies were of high evidence quality, with 80% being systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and 20% being randomized controlled trials. The studies originated from Chile (10%), Norway (10%), Canada (10%), Japan (10%), Spain (10%), and the United States (50%). The reviewed studies recommend preventing overweight in adults by reducing sugar and salt intake, increasing fiber consumption, engaging in physical activities that promote movement, and reducing sedentary behavior in overweight adults. Results: 100% of the articles indicate that a healthy diet combined with physical activity is more effective for weight reduction in adults with overweight and/or obesity. Conclusion: All 10 reviewed articles indicate that a healthy diet and physical activity are more effective in reducing weight in adults with overweight and/or obesity, as these activities separately slow down the reduction of body weight.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of physical exercise in reducing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-12-02) Alfaro Ortiz, Nancy; Allcca Pardo, Sofia; Cárdenas de Fernández, María Hilda
Overweight and obesity are nutritional disorders that are part of the morbidity affecting children and adolescents. They also constitute chronic and multifactorial diseases that can be prevented, especially in the pediatric population. These disorders are characterized by excessive fat accumulation or hypertrophy of body adipose tissue. Therefore, overweight and obesity are the fifth leading risk factor contributing to the increased mortality rates worldwide.
Acceso abierto
Effectiveness of the educational program for preventing nutritional disorders such as obesity and overweight in children
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-07) Lopez Llerena, Franchesca Katherine; Calsin Pacompia, Wilmer
Objective: Systematize the evidence on the effectiveness of the educational program for the prevention of nutritional disorders of obesity and overweight in children. Materials and Methods: Quantitative study, whose design is a systematic observational and retrospective review that synthesizes results from multiple primary investigations as an essential part of evidence-based nursing due to its rigorous methodology, identifying relevant studies to answer specific questions of practice. clinic. The instruments were the Pubmed, Scielo, Redalyc, Medline, EBSCO and Cochrane Plus databases; The population was 45 scientific articles and a sample of 10 was considered. The search was restricted to articles with full text; The selected articles were subjected to critical reading, using the GRADE system to assign the strength of recommendation. Results: 100% of the articles were quantitative studies; In 70% the design was systematic reviews, 20% was quasi-experimental and 10% was a community trial. 40% come from Spain, 20% from Brazil, 20% from Chile, 10% come from Colombia and 10% from Peru. 80% of the studies conclude that the interventions are effective; 80% (08) indicate that educational programs are more effective when they jointly consider adequate nutrition with the promotion of the practice of physical activity. Conclusions: In 8 of the 10 articles, the effectiveness of the educational program for the prevention of nutritional disorders of obesity and overweight is evident.
Acceso abierto
Effects of high-intensity interval training on obesity or overweight in adults
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-02-04) Cámac Núñez, Bárbara Elizabeth; Minaya Galarreta, Angelica Karina
Obesity and overweight are health problems related to chronic diseases; There is evidence about HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training) training in weight loss, decreased appetite, and fat oxidation. The present secondary research titled as a critical review: Effects of high-intensity interval training on obesity or overweight in adults, aimed to provide updated scientific information on the effects of high-intensity interval training and its influence on obesity or overweight in adults. The clinical question was: What are the effects of high-intensity interval training on obesity or overweight in adults. The Evidence-Based Nutrition (NuBE) methodology was used. The information search was carried out in PUBMED, DIMENSIONS, COCHRANE, SCIENCE DIRECT, GOOGLE ACADEMICO, finding 50 articles, being selected 30 that have been evaluated by the CASPE critical reading tool, finally selecting the meta-analysis titled "The influence of training on high-intensity intervals in anthropometric variables of overweight or obese adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis”, has an AII level of evidence and a Grade of recommendation Strong, according to the researcher's experience. The critical comment allowed us to conclude that HIIT training is suitable as an adjuvant treatment for obesity or overweight, providing benefits in reducing abdominal visceral fat, waist circumference and requiring less time investment compared to traditional MICT training and obtaining results. beneficial