Examinando por Materia "Sociodemographic factors"

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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017) Palacios Navarro, Blanca Luz; Galvez Ramirez, Carlos Michell
The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 to 5 years in relation to sociodemographic factors at I.E.I. Los Laureles, Lima – Peru, in 2017. During the process, an evaluation instrument was created. The sample consisted of 178 children aged 3 to 5 years from I.E.I. Los Laureles, with at least one of their parents, who were given a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics. The data collected were processed using SPSS version 22, and the Chi-square statistical test was applied. The results showed that 37.6% of the children had very low dental caries prevalence, 10.7% had low prevalence, 13.5% had moderate prevalence, 16.9% had high dental caries prevalence, and 21.3% had very high prevalence. Children aged 5 years had more dental caries than children aged 3 and 4 years. Also, girls had more dental caries than boys. Additionally, 64% of children with very low dental caries prevalence had visited the dentist in the last 6 months, 71.4% of children with very low prevalence had married parents, and 61.5% of children with very low dental caries prevalence had parents with primary education, 47.5% with secondary education, and 35% with higher education. The study concluded that 37.6% of children aged 3 to 5 years at I.E.I. Los Laureles had a low prevalence of dental caries.
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2017-11-18) Calderón Collazos, Damaris Loani; Carrillo Poma, Pamela Kasandra; Marín Guevara, Leticia Gloria
The study aimed to determine the factors influencing depression in adolescent pregnant women aged 10 to 19 years in the Gyneco-Obstetrics service at the "Hipólito Unanue" National Hospital between July and August 2017. The study was quantitative, descriptive-correlational, and cross-sectional, involving 224 adolescent pregnant women. Two surveys, "Related Factors" and Zung and Conde's Depression Self-Scale, were used. Results revealed that the average age of the participants was 17 years, with 46.4% having incomplete secondary education, 73.7% being housewives, and 63.8% living with their partners. Regarding family factors, 49.6% of the adolescents came from nuclear families, with 48.7% reporting family conflicts during pregnancy. Additionally, 22.8% experienced psychological violence. In terms of marital factors, 58.9% of the partners were older than 21 years, and 58% had conflicts with their partners during the pregnancy. Regarding depression, 85.3% of the adolescents had depression, with 46% experiencing severe depression, 26.3% moderate, and 13% mild. Statistically significant relationships were found between depression and factors such as suicidal ideation, discussions with partners, and family conflicts (p-values = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.004, respectively).
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(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-07-19) Caqui Crisostomo, Mademoisselle Andrea; Rodriguez Gallegos, Luz Maria
This study aimed to determine the sociocultural factors associated with attending the Pap smear test at the Juan Pablo II Maternal and Child Center. It was a correlational cross-sectional study with a sample of 200 women aged 18 to 65. The results showed that sociodemographic factors such as age, marital status, place of birth, parity, and number of sexual partners were significant. Regarding cognitive factors, knowledge level was not associated with attending the test (p: 0.184), but family-related factors such as partner motivation and self-motivation were significant. Cultural factors, such as shame and fear of a positive result, were also significantly related. Fifty-one percent of women underwent the Pap smear every two or three years, and 30% did so annually. The study concluded that several sociocultural factors are associated with attending the Pap smear test, recommending promoting support from partners or family members in consultations, as well as enhancing self-esteem and organizing informational talks for the general public.
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Factors associated with premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women - 2021
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2022-11-11) Gómez Echavigurín, Rosini; Fernández Ledesma, Scarlett Estela
Objective: To analyze and interpret the factors associated with premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women in 2021 through a systematic review. Methodology: A systematic review to analyze and synthesize data. A qualitative approach with an observational and retrospective design. Data was collected from search engines such as PubMed, Dialnet, Scielo, and LILACS. The data review period was from July to September 2021, with no data older than seven years. Keywords for the search: premature rupture of membranes. The technique used was documentary analysis. Results: Of the selected articles, 9 were case-control studies, 7 were reviews, 3 were descriptive, 3 were retrospective, 3 were cohort, 1 was correlational, 1 was comparative, and 1 was prospective. The results show that for premature rupture of membranes, 40% correspond to sociodemographic factors, 3.3% to economic factors, 30% to clinical factors, and 53.3% to gynecological-obstetric factors. Conclusions: The main factors for premature rupture of membranes in pregnant women aged 20 to 35 are: poor nutritional status (low weight); inadequate prenatal care; low income; urinary and cervical-vaginal infections; a history of premature rupture of membranes, abortion, cesarean section; amniocentesis, multiple pregnancies, cervical incompetence, previous use of an intrauterine device, primigravida, hemorrhage, oligohydramnios, short interpregnancy period, and breech presentation.
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Factors associated with the desertion of continuity of dental treatment and sociodemographic characteristics in traders of the Plaza Villa Sur Market, Lima 2022
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2023-12-05) Quinto Ichaccaya, Luis Antonio; Vilchez Bellido, Dina
The main objective of this research was to relate factors associated with dropout from ongoing dental treatment and sociodemographic characteristics in merchants. The research study used the hypothetical-deductive method with a quantitative approach. The research design was observational, cross-sectional, and prospective, with a sample of 250 merchants from the Plaza Villa Sur Market. The research results revealed that the factors most significantly associated with dropout from ongoing dental treatment, according to sociodemographic characteristics, were difficulty attending the dentist due to lack of money (p = 0.0346) and having received inadequate care during the consultation (p = 0.0075) with age, fear of seeing syringes and needles (p = 0.0198) and discomfort from the noise of some instruments used during consultations (p = 0.0209) with gender, and difficulty attending the dentist due to lack of money (p = 0.0024) and delays in dental care (p = 0.0386) with socioeconomic status. In conclusion, there is a statistically significant relationship between factors associated with dropout from ongoing dental treatment according to age, gender, and socioeconomic status
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The obstetric psychoprophylaxis program and its influence on periods of labor.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-12-02) Pineda Marin, Lilibeth; Reyes Serrano, Bertha Nathaly
Objective: To determine the influence of the Obstetric Psychoprophylaxis Program on the different stages of labor in 2021. Methodology: A qualitative systematic review of scientific studies published in various virtual databases such as Microsoft Academic, Alicia, and Google Scholar. Study sample: The study sample consisted of 35 studies published in various virtual libraries over a period of no more than five years. Instrumentation: The Grade system was used to analyze each study. Results: Of the 35 selected studies, 29 were of high and moderate quality according to the GRADE system. Similarly, in the analyzed studies concerning the stages of labor—dilation, expulsive, and delivery—12 studies were identified. Regarding the number of sessions of the Obstetric Psychoprophylaxis Program, 4 studies were identified, and 13 studies examined sociodemographic factors. Conclusions: Based on the studies, it is evident that obstetric psychoprophylaxis positively influences labor, providing significant benefits for both mother and baby.
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Risk factors associated with maternal complications in adolescent pregnancy“
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-09-08) Linares Cherres, Giovanna Licet; Sanz Ramirez, Ana María
Objective: To systematize evidence on risk factors associated with maternal complications in adolescent pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study is a systematic review that included a total of 385 indexed articles selected from databases such as PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, and ScienceDirect. These articles were rated using the GRADE system, resulting in a final sample of 30 articles corresponding to studies with observational analytical designs, including case-control studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, descriptive cross-sectional studies, and transversal studies, employing statistical tests such as Relative Risk (RR) and Odds Ratio (OR). Results: Sociodemographic factors associated with maternal complications in adolescent pregnancy included marital status, educational level, socioeconomic status, age, rural areas, and occupation. Psychological factors included intimate partner violence, depression, anxiety, and feelings of shame. Obstetric factors included lack of prenatal care, type of delivery, and complications such as preterm birth, hypertension, low birth weight, anemia, and threat of preterm labor.
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Sociodemographic factors related to edentulism in patients treated at the Sanna La Molina Clinical Center from 2018 to 2020.
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2021-06-18) Soto Zavala, Yosselin Pamela; Guevara Sotomayor, Juan César
Objective: The objective of this research was to determine the sociodemographic factors related to edentulism in patients attended at the Sanna La Molina Clinical Center. Methodology: An inductive method was used to develop a quantitative research approach with an observational design, considering edentulism as the variable, measured by the number of missing teeth, and the factors of age, sex, education level, occupation, and access to health insurance. A sample of 239 patient medical records was taken. Results: The study found that the average number of missing teeth was higher in individuals aged 61 and older (8.78), with men having a higher average compared to women (6.73 and 3.65, respectively). According to occupation, those with dependent work had a slightly higher average (5.32), and those with technical studies had an average of 7.41, compared to those with university studies, with an average of 4.14. Regarding access to health insurance, the average was the same (5.31). Conclusion: The sociodemographic factors related to edentulism are age, sex, and education level in patients attended at the Sanna La Molina Clinical Center from 2018 to 2020.