Examinando por Materia "Técnicas de Cultivo"

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Bacteremia related to intravascular catheters in hospitalized neonates, Hipólito Unanue National Hospital 2016-2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-09-04) Liñan Vega, Maria Angelica; Zarate Salvador, Merli Dionisia; Rivera Lozada de Bonilla, Oriana
Bacteremia encompasses a wide variety of clinical manifestations. In this research, 514 samples (257 blood cultures and 257 intravascular catheter samples) were collected from patients in the neonatology service of the National Hospital Hipólito Unanue over the years.
Acceso abierto
Evaluation of the Performance of Antibiotic Removers in Urine Cultures of Patients Treated with Ciprofloxacin
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2018-06-12) Bisetti Martínez, Carlos Fernando; Tamariz Ortiz, Jesús
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of antibiotic removers in patients treated with ciprofloxacin. Urine samples from these patients were used. The removers used were activated charcoal and synthetic resins from a known brand. The results were promising, showing a considerable increase in positive culture results in urine samples that were initially negative without the use of antibiotic removers. No significant difference was found between the use of activated charcoal and synthetic resins regarding culture results, and the choice of remover to use would be at the discretion of the user.
Acceso abierto
Influence of the time and angle of inclination of the centrifuged tube during the decantation process on the leukocyte count of the urinary sediment
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-26) Gallegos Galván, Elizabeth; Ortiz Gómez, María Elizabeth; Sandoval Vegas, Miguel Hernán
Urinalysis is the second most common laboratory test, and its proper performance during the process, especially in the evaluation of urinary sediment, is essential. The goal of our study was to determine the influence of the time and angle of inclination of the centrifuge tube during the decantation process on the leukocyte count in urinary sediment. A descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective experimental study was conducted, collecting 100 urine samples from patients at a private clinic in northern Lima. All samples met the inclusion criteria and quality control standards, and the leukocyte counts were evaluated according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) GP16-A3 protocol. From the total samples, 89% were women. The frequency of cases with or without variation in the leukocyte count, at decantation angles of 135º and 180º and times of 2 and 1 seconds, showed that 12% and 23% had the same count (p=0.040). A significant influence of the time and angle of inclination of the centrifuge tube during decantation on the leukocyte count in the urinary sediment was determined.
Acceso abierto
Susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli in urinary tract infection in women of reproductive age at the Madre Niño San Bartolomé Teaching Hospital, from 2013 to 2017
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-02-21) Acuña Roca, Gerson Alfredo; Babilonia Falcón, Ricardo Portal; Quispe Manco, Maria del Carmen
Objective: To determine the susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections in women of reproductive age at the Hospital Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé, from 2013 to 2017. Methods: This is a quantitative, retrospective, and descriptive study of all urine cultures performed on pregnant patients during the stated period. The variable evaluated is the susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli against different antimicrobials in women of reproductive age with urinary tract infections. Data were obtained using mean and frequency statistics in percentage. Results: Of the 66,089 urine cultures processed during the study period from 2013 to 2017, 5,934 (8.98%) were positive for Escherichia coli isolation. The year with the lowest number of isolations was 2013, with 11,592 urine cultures and 956 isolations (8.25%). In 2014, from 12,342 urine cultures, 1,186 (9.6%) were positive for isolation. Conclusions: The highest antimicrobial resistance was observed against ampicillin (67.1%), trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (54.3%), and ciprofloxacin (47.9%), while resistance against amikacin and imipenem was low, between 0% and 1.8%. Regarding ESBL, the frequency trend showed an increase in 2016 (40.2%), compared to 2013 (18.2%).
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Systematic review "Laboratory Diagnosis in the detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in stool samples"
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 1905-07-09) Salas Cachay, Magaly Tila; Herencia Torres, Victor Reynaldo
Objectives: To establish the effectiveness of microbiological assays for the direct detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in stool samples from hospitalized and outpatient patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by analyzing 8 databases of studies published in English and Spanish between 2006 and 2016 that evaluate the comparison, description, and prevalence study of this germ and infection caused by Clostridium difficile. A total of 51 articles were found, of which 9 were selected for analysis. Results: Nine descriptive, cross-sectional, case-control studies that used microbiological methods for diagnosis were included. The validity and reliability of the microbiological method for Clostridium difficile were evaluated, and publications from countries such as the United States, Canada, Switzerland, Argentina, Chile, and Peru were found. Conclusion: The availability of these methods has contributed to improving the management of hospitalized and outpatient patients who received antibiotic treatment. This work shows evidence of significant growth and increase in the prevalence of Clostridium difficile infections over different periods. For hospitalized patients, these epidemiological changes require techniques that are well-defined and accessible to all laboratories. Moreover, this method allows for continuous monitoring of patients and helps prevent transmission.
Acceso abierto
Usefulness of the chromagar orientation medium, for the identification of Streptococcus agalactiae in urine cultures of pregnant women at the San Bartolomé hospital, January 2016 to March 2019, Lima - Peru
(Universidad Privada Norbert Wiener, 2020-11-20) Francia Salvador, Erika Frida; Pérez Luján, Carolina Marisol; Quintana Alfaro, Luis Alberto
Introduction: Streptococcus agalactiae is the primary cause of infection in pregnant women and can lead to miscarriages. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility, in terms of sensitivity and specificity, of the CHROMagar Orientation medium for identifying S. agalactiae in urine cultures of pregnant women at Hospital San Bartolomé from January 2016 to March 2019, Lima, Peru. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was designed involving hospitalized or outpatient pregnant patients with positive S. agalactiae urine cultures. CHROMAGAR ORIENTATION and the Vitek system were used as the standard method. Diagnostic tests were determined to assess sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and Kappa correlation index. Results: The most frequent age group was 31-40 years, with 70.8%, and 82.5% were in the third trimester of pregnancy. A total of 36,600 urine samples were included, with 6,626 isolates, of which 372 (5.6%) were S. agalactiae. We determined a sensitivity of 55.4% (95% CI 50.3 to 60.3), specificity of 99.9% (95% CI 98.8 to 100), PPV of 97.2% (95% CI 94 to 98.7), NPV of 97.4% (95% CI 97 to 97.8), and good agreement (κ=0.70). Conclusion: The CHROMAGAR ORIENTATION medium demonstrated moderate sensitivity and high specificity for the identification of S. agalactiae in urine cultures of pregnant women at Hospital San Bartolomé from January 2016 to March 2019, Lima, Peru.