Factores asociados a la automedicación durante la pandemia de la covid-19 en gestantes del C.M.I. Manuel Barreto en San Juan de Miraflores, 2021

Abstract

Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la automedicación durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en gestantes del C.M.I. Manuel Barreto en San Juan de Miraflores, 2021. Metodología: El método de estudio fueron hipotético-deductivo, enfoque cuantitativo, tipo básica, retrospectivo, transversal, diseño no experimental y descriptivo-correlacional. La población conformada por 115 gestantes y la muestra de 90 atendidas entre los meses de julio a diciembre del año 2021. Resultados: Los factores asociados a la automedicación durante la pandemia en las gestantes, estuvo presente 65.6% y ausente 34.4%; y la automedicación 72.2% y no automedicación 27.8%. Los factores sociodemográficos, predominó entre 20 a 29 años 35.6%, instrucción secundaria 38.9%, convivientes 43.3% y zona urbana 58.9%. Los factores epidemiológicos, prevalecieron obesas 43.3%, con antecedentes de familiares en cuarentena 30%, y tuvieron COVID-19 medicado en casa 25.6%. Los factores personales, se medico por fiebre asociada al embarazo 38.9% y compra en farmacias 50%. Los factores económicos, sobresalieron en amas de casa 36.72%, con seguro de salud del SIS 66.7%, con salario mensual 30%, y tuvieron un ingreso mensual de S/. 930.00 a S/. 1,500 soles 30%. Conclusiones: El estudio según la Prueba Estadística de Correlación de Spearman determinó que existen factores asociados a la automedicación durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en las gestantes del Centro Materno Infantil Manuel Barreto en SJM, 2021 (Rho = 0.575, p = 0.001).

Objective: To determine the association between factors and self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnant women at the C.M.I. Manuel Barreto in San Juan de Miraflores, 2021. Methodology: The study method was hypothetical-deductive, quantitative, and basic, retrospective, cross-sectional. The study design was non-experimental and descriptive correlational. The population consisted of 115 pregnant women, and the sample of 90 attended between July and December 2021. Results: Factors associated with self-medication during the pandemic in pregnant women, was present 65.6% and absent 34.4%; and self-medication 72.2% and non-self-medication 27.8%. The socio-demographic factors, predominated between 20 to 29 years 35.6%, secondary education 38.9%, living together 43.3% and urban area 58.9%. The epidemiological factors, prevailed obese 43.3%, with a history of relatives in quarantine 30%, and had COVID-19 medicated at home 25.6%. Personal factors, medication for pregnancy associated fever 38.9% and pharmacy shopping 50%. Economic factors, excelled in housewives 36.72%, with SIS health insurance 66.7%, with monthly salary 30%, and had a monthly income of S/. 930.00 to S/. 1,500 soles 30%. Conclusions: The study according to the Spearman Correlation Statistical Test determined that there are factors associated with self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic in pregnant women at the Manuel Barreto Maternal Infant Center in SJM, 2021 (Rho = 0.575, p = 0.00).