Medidas de tratamiento ambulatorio en relación con síntomas de COVID-19 en pacientes de una botica en Los Olivos, Lima 2023

Abstract

The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between COVID-19 symptoms and outpatient treatment measures in patients at a pharmacy in Los Olivos, Lima, 2023. The study employed the hypothetical-deductive method, applied type, quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional cut, descriptive-correlational scope, and non-probabilistic sampling. The sample consisted of 196 patients. Data were collected through a survey, and Spearman’s Rho analysis was conducted to test the hypothesis. Results: Of the total sample: 60.2% were male, 41.8% were aged between 36–50 years, and 56.6% had completed secondary education. Regarding COVID-19 symptoms: 76% had a cough, 48.5% had a sore throat, 72.4% had nasal secretions, 72.4% had phlegm accumulation in the respiratory tract; 70.9% had headaches, 88.7% had fever, 83.2% experienced fatigue and general discomfort, 76.1% had joint stiffness; 83.2% had loss of appetite, 76% had loss of taste, 31.1% had diarrhea, vomiting, or stomach acidity, and 72.5% had difficulty swallowing. Regarding outpatient treatment management: 83.2% used beta-lactam antibiotics, 94.3% macrolides, 49.5% quinolones, 76% lincosamides, 31.2% sulfonamides; 72.5% corticosteroids, 54.6% H1 antihistamines, 31.1% paracetamol, and 72.5% cold medications. Conclusion: COVID-19 symptoms were found to be related to outpatient treatment measures.

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación de los síntomas de COVID-19 con las medidas de tratamiento ambulatorio en pacientes de una botica en Los Olivos, Lima 2023. El estudio empleó el método hipotético deductivo, tipo aplicada, enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, corte transversal, alcance descriptivo correlacional, muestreo no probabilístico, la muestra fue 196 pacientes, los datos se recolectaron mediante encuesta, se realizó análisis Rho de Spearman para contrastar la hipótesis. Resultados; del total de la muestra; 60,2% fueron hombres, 41,8% con edad entre 36-50 años, 56,6% con estudios nivel secundario; sobre los síntomas para covid-19; 76% presentaron tos, 48,5% dolor de garganta, 72,4% secreciones nasales, 72,4% acumulación de flema en vías respiratorias; 70,9% dolor de cabeza, 88,7% fiebre, 83,2% fatiga y malestar general, 76,1% rigidez articular; 83,2% falta de apetito, 76% pérdida de gusto, 31,1% diarrea, vómito o acidez estomacal, 72,5% dificultad para tragar; sobre manejo de tratamiento ambulatorio; 83,2% emplearon antibiótico betalactámico, 94.3% macrólidos, 49,5% quinolonas, 76% lincosamidas, 31,2% sulfonamidas; 72,5% corticoides, 54,6% antihistamínicos H1, 31,1% paracetamol, 72,5% antigripales. Conclusión. Los síntomas de COVID-19 se relacionaron con las medidas de tratamiento ambulatorio.