Dietary intake and anthropometric nutritional assessment in children with autism spectrum disorder from a special basic educational center in San Borja - 2020.

Abstract

Objective To investigate the relationship between the nutritional characteristics of dietary intake and the nutritional status of students with autism spectrum disorder at the Special Basic Educational Center of San Borja, Lima. 2020. Material and method: Cross-sectional descriptive correlational study with an analytical approach. A nutritional evaluation was carried out on 32 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, of which M=28 (87.5%) and F= 4 (12.5%), their weight, height, age and Body Mass Index were also taken into account. A 24-hour recall format was also used that included food allergies and/or food intolerances, and the weighing of each food they brought as part of their lunch box. Results: A descriptive analysis of the dietary intake variables and the anthropometric nutritional status of the children was carried out. Sperman's Rho Reliability Coefficient was established to determine the level of relationship between the variables, which is 0.666, meaning that there is a moderate positive correlation, that is, the variables are directly proportional, they go in the same direction. (Annex 5) Thus Likewise, a (bilateral) significance of 0.000 was obtained, lower than the significance level (T) of 0.05 (0.000<0.05; Acceptance Level = 95%: Critical value Z=1.96) consequently the null hypothesis Ho is rejected and the alternative hypothesis H1 is accepted as true. In relation to the anthropometric nutritional status, 31.3% are normal and the other is at risk of being overweight, 28.1% are overweight, 6.3%, which represents 2 students, are obese and only 3.1% are at risk of being thin. Conclusion: It was determined that there is a relationship between dietary intake and the anthropometric nutritional status of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder of the Special Basic Educational Center of the San Borja district.

La intervención nutricional es importante porque nos permite trabajar en la prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades. La presente investigación secundaria titulada como revisión crítica: Nutrición y tratamiento de leucemia: Relación con la supervivencia en pacientes pediátricos, tuvo como objetivo evidenciar los cambios del estado nutricional en las diferentes etapas del tratamiento oncológico y la relación con la supervivencia. La pregunta clínica fue: ¿Existe relación de la nutrición con la supervivencia en pacientes pediátricos con leucemia linfoblástica aguda? Se utilizó la metodología Nutrición Basada en Evidencia (NuBE). La búsqueda de información se realizó en PUBMED, SCIELO, SCOPUS, LILACS , EMBASE, encontrando 102 artículos, siendo seleccionados 24 que han sido evaluados por la herramienta para lectura crítica CASPE, seleccionándose finalmente la Revisión sistemática titulado como El estrés oxidativo celular en pacientes con leucemia y linfoma pediátricos sometidos a tratamientos se asocia con el consumo de proteínas, el cual posee un nivel de evidencia IA y Grado de Recomendación Fuerte, de acuerdo a la expertise del investigador. El comentario crítico permitió concluir que se necesita más investigaciones para explorar interacciones complejas entre el consumo de macro y micronutrientes en periodos más largos de tiempo.