Evaluation of the parallelism of the Camper plane and the occlusal plane according to the facial biotype in dentistry students at the Private University Norbert Wiener, Lima 2019

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the parallelism between the three types of Camper’s planes and the occlusal plane based on facial biotype. The population consisted of students from the Norbert Wiener Private University. The sample included 45 lateral cephalometric radiographs, 33 from women and 12 from men. Methodology: The facial biotype was determined using the NEMOCEF software, and the angles were measured with the FACAD software. Radiopaque markers were placed at the base of the nose wing and the upper, middle, and lower tragus, establishing three Camper planes. These were then related to the cephalometric Camper plane and the original Camper plane. The ANOVA statistical test and the post hoc Tukey’s HSD test were performed to compare the angles between the three types of Camper’s planes and the occlusal plane, looking for differences. Results: 90.0% of women were dolichofacial, compared to 10% of men; 71.4% of women were brachyfacial, compared to 28.6% of men; and 66.7% of women were mesofacial, compared to 26.7% of men. The average angular measurement of the middle Camper plane in brachyfacials was 24.8214°, in mesofacials 24.9381°, and the lower Camper plane 24.4600° in dolichofacials. Conclusion: The middle Camper plane was most parallel to the occlusal plane in brachyfacial and mesofacial subjects, while the lower Camper plane was most parallel to the occlusal plane in dolichofacial subjects.

La investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar el paralelismo entre los tres tipos de planos de Camper y el plano oclusal según el biotipo facial. La población estuvo conformada por estudiantes de la Universidad privada Norbert Wiener. Muestra se tomaron 45 radiografías laterales de cráneo 33 mujeres y 12 hombres. Metodología el biotipo facial lo determino el software NEMOCEF, los ángulos se midieron con el software FACAD. Los marcadores radiopacos se ubicaron en la base del ala de la nariz y tragus superior, medio e inferior estableciendo tres planos de Camper, posteriormente fueron relacionados con el plano de Camper cefalométrico y plano de Camper original. Se realizó la prueba de análisis de varianza ANOVA, y la prueba post hoc (HSD Tukey) para comparar los ángulos entre los tres tipos de planos de Camper y el plano oclusal, para buscar diferencias. Resultados el (90.0%) de mujeres resultaron dolicofaciales frente al (10%) de hombres, el (71.4%) de mujeres son braquifaciales frente al (28.6%) de hombres y el (66,7%) de mujeres son mesofaciales frente al (26.7%) de hombres. El promedio angular del plano de Camper medio en braquifaciales resulto (24.8214°), en mesofaciales (24.9381°) y el plano de Camper inferior (24.4600°) en dolicofaciales Conclusión. El plano de Camper medio resulto más paralelo al plano oclusal en braquifaciales y mesofaciales, mientras que el plano de Camper inferior fue más paralelo al plano oclusal en dolicofaciales.