Association between cardiotocographic results and anemia in pregnances cares for at the Daniel Alcides Carrión hospital from january to december 2018

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the association between cardiotocographic results and anemia in pregnant women treated at Daniel Alcides Carrión Hospital from January to December 2018. Methodology: Analytical, observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study with a case-control design. A group of 126 pregnant women treated at Daniel Alcides Carrión National Hospital during the specified period was studied. Two groups were identified: pregnant women with anemia (n=63) and control pregnant women (n=63) undergoing cardiotocographic tests. The analysis included absolute and relative frequencies, inferential analysis, and the association between variables determined by the chi-square test and Odds Ratio. Results: 95.2% of pregnant women were from urban areas, with an average age of 27.3±7.2 years. 68.3% were between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation, and 50.8% were in their second or third pregnancies. Among the cases, 91.2% presented Reactive Non-Stress Test (NST) results, and 50% had Negative Reactive Stress Test (CTS) results, compared to 98.2% and 100%, respectively, in the controls. Mild (81.8%), moderate (85.7%), and severe (50%) cases presented Reactive NST results. Cases and controls (91.2% and 98.2%) showed Reactive NST results. 12.7% of cases recorded the absence of accelerations compared to 1.6% in controls (p=0.039). Similarly, cases presented decreased or absent fetal movements (15.9% and 6.3%) versus controls (6.3% and 0%) (p=0.024). Other parameters did not show significant associations. Conclusions: The absence of accelerations, fetal movements, and doubtful fetal conditions emerged as protective factors for gestational anemia.

Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre los resultados cardiotocográficos y la anemia en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Daniel Alcides Carrión de enero a diciembre del 2018. Metodología: Estudio analítico, observacional, transversal y retrospectivo con diseño de casos y controles. Se estudió a un grupo 126 gestantes atendidas en el Hospital Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión de enero a diciembre 2018. Se diferenciaron dos grupos: gestantes con anemia (n= 63), gestantes controles (n=63) con pruebas cardiotocográficas. El análisis se expresó mediante frecuencias absolutas, relativas, el inferencial, sirvió para determinar la asociación entre las variables mediante la prueba chi cuadrado, además del Odds Ratio. Resultados: El 95.2% de gestantes procedía de zona urbana, la edad promedio 27.3± 7.2, 68.3% entre 37 y 41 semanas, 50.8% fueron segundigestas y tercigestas, 91.2% de los casos presentaron Test No Estresante (NST) Reactivo y 50% Test Estresante (CTS) Negativo Reactivo frente a los controles 98.2% y 100% respectivamente. Los casos leves 81.8%, moderados 85.7% y severos 50%, presentaron resultado NST Reactivo. Casos y controles (91.2% y 98.2%) presentaron resultado NST Reactivo. El 12.7% de casos, registró ausencia de aceleraciones frente al 1.6% controles (p=0.039); Así mismo, presentaron disminución y ausencia de movimientos fetales (15.9% y 6.3%) frente a los controles (6.3% y 0%), p=0.024; los demás parámetros no demostraron asociación. Conclusiones: La ausencia de aceleraciones, movimientos fetales y condición fetal dudosa, se manifestó como factor de protección para la anemia gestacional.