Knowledge and attitudes about prenatal care in pregnant women attended at Centro Materno Infantil José Carlos Mariátegui, 2014

Abstract

Objective: To identify the knowledge and attitudes about prenatal care among pregnant women attended at the José Carlos Mariátegui Maternal and Child Health Center in 2014. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 268 pregnant women. Data collection was performed using a survey technique, and the instrument was a structured questionnaire to measure the level of knowledge and attitudes of the participants. Results: The average age found was 27 years, representing 59% of the sample. A total of 38% of the pregnant women had one child, and 46% were illiterate or had only basic education. About 39% engaged in independent work, primarily as merchants. A total of 36% and 23% initiated their prenatal care in the second and third trimesters, respectively. Among the participants, 193 had fewer than six prenatal check-ups, while only 75 had six or more, which is the minimum required to consider a pregnancy adequately monitored. Regarding knowledge, over 60% of the participants demonstrated very good knowledge about prenatal examinations, nutrition, relaxation exercises (psychoprophylaxis), warning signs, and complications. Concerning attitudes, more than 45% fully agreed on aspects such as perceived beliefs, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and cues to action. Conclusions: The sociodemographic characteristics of the participants were women aged 18 to 29 years, with one child, married, with primary education, and engaged in independent work. Most began prenatal care in the first trimester, with an average of one prenatal check-up. The level of knowledge about prenatal care among the pregnant women was classified as "very good," and their attitudes were classified as "fully agreeable."

Objetivo: determinar los factores asociados al embarazo adolescente en las gestantes que acuden al Hospital San Juan de Lurigancho, en 2014. Material y método: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se realizó un cuestionario a 384 gestantes adolescentes en el área de psicoprofilaxis obstétrica y en consultorios externos, en el periodo enero-marzo de 2014. Resultados: con relación a los factores individuales, se encontró que la edad de mayor prevalencia es de 19 años, con 22,7 %. El estado civil de soltera fue de 59,6 %. En su mayoría, las adolescentes son amas de casa (43 %). En cuanto a los factores familiares en antecedentes de embarazo en adolescencia, se halló que a madre que sí estuvo embarazada a su edad en 12 %. Con relación a los factores sociales, el nivel socioeconómico (entendido como el ingreso mensual) es de 600 a 1000 soles en 62,5 %. Conclusiones: los factores individuales del embarazo en la adolescencia son la edad de 19 años, solteras, con secundaria completa, de ocupación ama de casa. La edad promedio de la menarquia es de 12 años. Se iniciaron sexualmente a los 15 años. Solo tuvieron una pareja sexual y sí utilizaron un método anticonceptivo; con mayor frecuencia, el condón.